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Welcome Back

Welcome Back . Let’s review: What is psychology. Psychology. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Uses scientific research methods. Behavior includes all observable behavior. Mental processes include thoughts, feelings and dreams. The Roots of Modern Psychology.

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Welcome Back

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  1. Welcome Back • Let’s review: • What is psychology

  2. Psychology • The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. • Uses scientific research methods. • Behavior includes all observable behavior. • Mental processes include thoughts, feelings and dreams.

  3. The Roots of Modern Psychology Module 1: Introduction, History, Perspectives, and Careers

  4. Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) • The “father of psychology” • Founder of modern psychology • Opened the first psychology lab in 1879

  5. E.B. Titchener (1867-1927) • Analyzed the intensity, clarity and quality of the parts of consciousness • Founder of structuralism

  6. Structuralism • Studied the basic elements (structure) of thoughts and sensations.

  7. Gestalt Psychology • The whole is different from the sum of its parts. • Integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes.

  8. William James (1842-1910) • First American psychologist • Author of the first psychology textbook • Founder of Functionalism

  9. Functionalism • Emphasized studying the function of consciousness and how consciousness helped people adapt to their environment.

  10. G. Stanley Hall • Established the first psychological research laboratory in the US • Founded the first psychological journal • Founded the APA

  11. Mary Whiton Calkins • Researched dreams, memory, and personality • First female president of the APA • Never received degree from Harvard

  12. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) • Founder of the psychoanalytic perspective • Believed that abnormal behavior originated from unconscious drives and conflicts

  13. Freud’s Influence • Influence on “pop culture” • Freudian slips • Anal-retentive • Influence on psychology • Psychodynamic theory • Unconscious thoughts • Significance of childhood experiences

  14. Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) • Russian Physiologist • Studied learning in animals • Emphasized the study of observable behaviors

  15. John B. Watson (1878-1958) • Founder of behaviorism • Studied only observable and objectively described acts • Emphasized objective and scientific methodology

  16. John B. Watson, a godfather of American behaviorist psychology, tests the grasp reflex in a baby, circa 1916-20

  17. B.F. Skinner (1904-1990) • Behaviorist • Focused on learning through rewards and observation

  18. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) • Developed theory of motivation • Hierarchy of needs

  19. Carl Rogers (1902-1987) • Founded the school of humanistic psychology

  20. Careers in Psychology Module 1: Introduction, History, Perspectives, and Careers

  21. Basic Research • Pure science or research • Research for the sake of finding new information and expanding the knowledge base of psychology

  22. Clinical Psychologist • Diagnose and treat patients with psychological problems • Largest number of professional psychologists

  23. Applied Research • Research designed to solve specific practical problems

  24. The End

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