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CARGO HANDLING AND STOWAGE JULY "A"

CARGO HANDLING AND STOWAGE JULY "A". 1. The atmosphere in a tank might be too lean if it is: A. Capable of supporting combustion because the hydrocarbon content is above the UFL (Upper Flammable Limit) B. Capable of supporting a fire once started

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CARGO HANDLING AND STOWAGE JULY "A"

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  1. CARGO HANDLING AND STOWAGE JULY "A"

  2. 1. The atmosphere in a tank might be too lean if it is: • A. Capable of supporting combustion because the hydrocarbon content is above the UFL (Upper Flammable Limit) • B. Capable of supporting a fire once started • C. Incapable of supporting combustion because the hydrocarbon content is below the (LFL) Lower Flammable Limit • D. Not safe for ballasting

  3. Flammable Limit or Explosive Range If the oxygen is less than 10% inside a tank, the hydrocarbon vapor will not burn and therefore it will be classified as Too Lean. But if oxygen is more than 10% inside the tank there will be a chance the hydrocarbon vapor will ignite and it is called Too Rich.

  4. 2. Keeping the draft at or below the load line mark will insure that the unit has adequate: • A.Lightweight displacement • B.Reserve buoyancy • C. Reserve ballast • D. Critical motions

  5. 3.Your vessel is floating in water whose density is 1010. Your fresh water allowance is 8 inches. How far below her mark may she be loaded so as to float at her mark in salt water whose density is 1025? • A.4.8 inches • B.6.4 inches • C. 3.2 inches • D. 8.0 inches

  6. 3. Solution: A. I = FWA x (Change in Density) 25 =8 inches x ( 1025 – 1010 ) 25 = 8 inches x 15 25 A. I. = 4.8 inches

  7. 4. A vessel is to lift a cargo weighing 30 tons with her boom whose head is 30 feet from center line. The ship’s displacement excluding the weight to be lifted is 8,700 tons. KM is 21.5 ft; KG is 20.5 ft. What will be the list of the vessel when the cargo is lifted? A.1.4 B.3.4 C. 2.8 D. 5.8

  8. INCLINING EXPERIMENT • GM = Weight x Distance • Displ. x Tan List • Dist. = GM x Displ. x Tan List • Weight • Weight = GM x Displ x Tan List • Distance • Tan List = Weight x Distance • Displ. x GM

  9. GM = KM – KG GM = 21.5ft – 20.5ft. GM = 1.0 foot TAN LIST = W x D GM x  = 30 t x 30 ft. 1 ft x 8,700 t = 900 / 8,700 = 0 .1030927 inv. Tan LIST = 5 .88°

  10. 5. The change in trim of a vessel may be found by: • A.Looking at the hydrostatic properties table for the draft of the vessel • B.Dividing the trim moments by MTI • C.Subtracting the LCF from the LCB • D.Dividing longitudinal moments by the

  11. 6. Your vessel measures 119 ft. long by 17 ft. in beam. If the natural rolling period at a draft of 5’ 05” is 6 seconds, what is the GM? • A.1.55 ft. • B.1.36 ft. • C. 1.14 ft. • D. 1.96 ft.

  12. Rolling Period = 0.44 x Beam of the Vsl. GM Rolling Period = 0.797 x Beam of the Vsl. GM • GM = 0.44 x Beam of the Vsl. ² Rolling Period

  13. 6. Solution: GM = 0.44 x Beam² R.P. GM = 0.44 x 17 ft² 6 secs. GM = 1.55 ft.

  14. 7. Repairing damage to the hull at or above the waterline reduces the threat of: • A.Free surface effects • B.Wind overturning moments • C. Continued progressive flooding • D. Capsizing the vessel

  15. 8. Cargoes that gives off fumes that may contaminate other cargo is known as a: • A.Delicate cargo • B.Toxic cargo • C. Dirty cargo • D. Odorous cargo

  16. 9. A vessel is fitted with deep tanks with a capacity of 1,000 tons of fresh water. What quantity of peanut oil with specific gravity of 0.92 could be carried in such tanks? • A.920 tons • B.907 tons • C. 840 tons • D. 850 tons

  17. 9. Solution: WT. = R. D of Peanut Oil x Cap. Of FW R. D of FW WT = 0 .92 ton/m³ x 1,000 tons 1,000 ton/m³ WT = 920 tons

  18. 10. You are loading a cargo of canned goods with a stowage factor of 65. If you allow 15% for broken stowage, how many tons can be loaded in a space of 55,000 cubic feet? • A.   719 • B.   846 • C. 687 • D. 973

  19. 10. Solution: Allowance = 100 % - B.S./ 100 = 100 % - 15% / 100 Allowance = 0.85 Wt. = Volume x Allowance Stowage Factor = 55,000 ft³ x 0.85 65 ft³/ ton = 46,750 ft³ 65 ft³/ ton Wt. = 719.23 tons

  20. 11. The difference between the starboard and port drafts caused by shifting a weight transversely is: • A.List • B.Trim • C. Heel • D. Flotation

  21. 12. Non-flammable gases should have what kind of label? • A.Green • B.Skull and crossbones • C. White • D. Red

  22. Green coloured labels Indicate dangerous goods that must be stored at a safe distance from explosive goods.

  23. 13. An unstable upright equilibrium position on a vessel means that the metacenter is: • A.Higher than the baseline • B.At the same height as the center of gravity • C.Lower than the center of gravity • D.On the longitudinal centerline

  24. 14. Corrosive liquids and acids should have what kind of label? • A.Skull and cross bone • B.Red • C. Yellow • D. White

  25. 15. A consignment of lumber is to be loaded, each piece measures 3 inches thick, 12 inches wide and 16 feet long. There are 30,000 pieces to be loaded. How many board feet is the shipment? • A.96,000 • B.1,440,000 • C. 1,200,000 • D. 14,400,000

  26. 1. BF = L' x W' x H' x 12 2. BF = L' x W' x H" 3. BF = L' x W" x H" / 12 BF = L‘ x W“ x H“ / 12 BF = 16‘ x 12“ x 3“ / 12 BF = 576 / 12 BF = 48 BF = 48 x 30,000 pcs. BF = 1,440,000

  27. 16. In which case may metacentric height be considered an indication of a vessel’s stability? • A.For all angles of inclination • B.For small angles of inclination • C. In no case • D. For large angles of inclination

  28. 17. Containers of flammable solids should be conspicuously labeled by the shipper with a: • A.Red and white label • B.Orange label • C. Green label • D. Yellow label

  29. Red coloured labels Indicate dangerous goods that must be separated from flammable solids, spontaneously combustible agentsor agents that are dangerous when wet by a longitudinal intermediate spaceor on deck by at least 24 metres.

  30. 18. In handling break bulk hazardous materials, it is forbidden to use: • A.Pallets • B.Cargo nets • C. Slings • D. Metal bale hooks

  31. 19. A vessel displacing 18,000 tons has a KG of 50 feet. A crane is used to lift cargo weighing 20 tons from a supply vessel. When lifting, the head of the crane boom is 150 feet above the keel. What is the change in KG? • A.0.11 foot • B.0.17 foot • C. 0.32 foot • D. 0.25 foot

  32. 19. Solution: GG‘ = Wt x Dist  = 20 tons x (150 ft – 50 ft ) 18,000 tons = 20 tons x 100 ft 18,000 tons = 2,000 ft/ton 18,000 tons GG‘ = 0.11 ft. 

  33. 20. A cargo of 75 tons is to be lifted with a boom located 50 feet from the ship centerline. The ship’s displacement including the suspended cargo is 6,000 tons and GM six feet. The list of the ship with the cargo suspended from the boom will be: • A.5.40 • B.5.00 • C. 6.50 • D. 5.94

  34. 20. Solution: TAN LIST = W x D GM x  = 75 t x 50 ft 6 ft. x 6,000 t = 3,750 36,000 LIST = 0.104166 inv Tan LIST = 5.94°

  35. 21. When the height of the metacenter is greater than the height of the center of gravity, the upright equilibrium position is stable and stability is: • A.Neutral • B.Unstable • C. Negative • D. Positive

  36. 22. In preparation for receiving chilled reefer cargo, the reefer space has been pre-cooled for over 24 hours. You may begin loading when the space has been cooled to a temperature between: • A.–10 F and +10 F • B.42 F and 55 F • C. 12 F and 20 F • D. 28 F and 40 F OR -2º C and 4º C

  37. 23. When a vessel is inclined at a small angle the center of buoyancy will: • A.Remain stationary • B.Move towards the high side • C. Move to the height of the metacenter • D. Move towards the low side

  38. 24. A tank is loaded with 9,000 barrels of gasoline. The temperature of the product is 80 F, and it has a coefficient of expansion of .0008. The net amount of cargo loaded is: • A.8,856 barrels • B.8,944 barrels • C. 9,144 barrels • D. 9,072 barrels

  39. 24. Solution: Standard Loading Temp. = 60° F Net bbls = Gross +/- ( Gross x Coefficient x ( Diff. In temperature )) = 9,000 +/- (9,000 x 0.0008 (80°F - 60°F)) = 9,000 +/- ( 7.2 x 20°F ) = 9,000 - 144 Net bbls. = 8,856

  40. 25. Bilge soundings indicate: • A.Whether the ship is taking on water • B.Whether the cargo is leaking or not • C. The amount of condensation in the hold • D. All of these

  41. 26. If the metacentric height is large, a vessel will: • A.Have a slow and easy motion • B.Be stiff • C. Be tender • D. Have a tendency to yaw

  42. STIFF VESSEL • Large GM • Bottom Heavy • 3. Short R. P. • 4. Fast Roll • TENDER VESSEL • Small GM • 2. Top Heavy • 3. Large R. P. • 4. Slow Roll Tankers and Bulk Carriers Car Carriers and Containers

  43. EFFECT OF DIFF. GM ON THE PERIOD OF ROLL M G Z TENDER STIFF G Z G IS HIGH G IS LOW K GM IS SMALL GM IS LARGE SMALL GZ LARGE GZ SLOW ROLL FAST ROLL

  44. STIFF VESSEL

  45. STIFF VESSEL

  46. TENDER VESSEL

  47. TENDER SHIP

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