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Gatterer Jessica Kloiber Patrick Martin Nicholas

Perspectives for bio- refineries. Gatterer Jessica Kloiber Patrick Martin Nicholas. What is a bio-refinery? I. …is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuel, heat, power and chemicals from biomass. What is a bio-refinery? II.

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Gatterer Jessica Kloiber Patrick Martin Nicholas

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  1. Perspectivesfor bio-refineries GattererJessica Kloiber Patrick Martin Nicholas

  2. What is a bio-refinery? I • …is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuel, heat, power and chemicals from biomass.

  3. What is a bio-refinery? II • Optimizationandefficiency • Technology • Logistics • The bio-refineryconcept

  4. What is a bio-refinery? III • integrates biomass conversion processes • equipment to produce with biomass - Fuel - Heat - Power - Chemicals

  5. History of bio-refineries I • a longhistory: • 1860  Nikolaus Otto • 1908  Henry Ford (Model T car) • 1930  a large explorationofcrudeoil • 1970  oil-priceshock • 20th century in Europe  bio refineries were built • Worldwide  usageofbiomassas an energysourcehasbeenrisingsharply

  6. History of bio-refineries II • Status

  7. History of bio-refineries III • Bio-refineries in Austria

  8. Biorefineries in Austria • From 2003 to 2008, production capacity has risen almost tenfold • From 58.1 MW to 519.6 MW • Biodiesel production has risen from 95000 tons to 578000 tons from 2005 to 2008 • First domestic bioethanol plant in Pischelsdorf opened in 2008 and satisfies demand with 240000 tons capacity

  9. Status • $38 billion invested worldwide in renewable energy capacity • 7% of that in biomass electricity • 47 GW current capacity • Austria shows 10-30% growth • 519.6 MW in 2008

  10. Processes • Small-scale dedicated biomass plants still less efficient than co-firing in existing coal plants • Efficiency levels for dry biomass reach 30-34% • Municipal waste offers 22% • Biomass co-firing achieves 45% • Currently the most cost-effective biomass use

  11. Costs • Costs depend on availability of affordable local feedstock • If ample feedstock is available, co-firing in coal plants can produce competitively priced power at $20/MWh • Dedicated biomass plants require higher initial investments due to smaller size • Prices range from $40/MWh to $90/MWh

  12. Optimization and efficiency • Sustainable • Optimize use of resources • Minimizing waste • Maximizing benefits and profitability • Optimization can be achieved by future development in key areas and the efficient exploitation of chemical energy from biomass.

  13. Criticism I • A comparison of emissions through various forms of biological feedstock, compared to the emissions level of fossil fuels.

  14. Criticism II • Increased demand for biomass causes competition for arable land and deforestation • Usage of food crops as feedstock drives up worldwide food prices and causes malnourishment • Safeguards must be established to ensure sustainable development of biomass usage

  15. Bio-refineriesnowandperspectives I • a widearrayofpossibilities • canprovidetobe a resource-efficientmeansofproduction • Goals andrules • Perspectives

  16. Thankyouforyourattention!

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