World War I and the 1920s (1914-1929) Lesson 7 The Roaring Twenties Lesson 8 Harlem Renaissance

1. World War I and the 1920s (1914-1929) Lesson 7 The Roaring Twenties Lesson 8 Harlem Renaissance

2. Popular American Culture in the 1920s • American Lifestyle changes • Less Work – 5 days a week. 45hrs/week. Wages increased • More free time + disposable income • More Leisure time • Movies • Nickelodeons – 5cent movies • American popular culture spread around the world • Charlie Chaplin – most popular silent comedian • Jazz Singer – first movie with sound Charlie Chaplin : The Lion

3. Popular American Culture in the 1920s In the 1920s, some families enjoyed more leisure time, as this family in their “Sunday best” enjoyed a picnic after a drive out into the countryside.

4. Popular American Culture in the 1920s Analyze Graphs Why do you think there was a significant increase in movie attendance in 1930?

5. American Role Models Hollywood’s chief rivals for the creation of heroes were the nation’s baseball parks, football fields, and boxing rings. Before the 1920s, there were relatively few nationally famous athletes, such as boxer John L. Sullivan and all-around athlete Jim Thorpe. Most sports stars were local heroes. This changed by the 1920s, often called the Golden Age of Sports.

6. American Role Models With the help of increased newspaper readership and radio coverage, sports figures like Babe Ruth became national heroes and symbols of American culture.

7. The Role of Women Changes In a 1931 book, Only Yesterday, journalist Frederick Lewis Allen attempted to make sense of the fads, heroes, and problems of the 1920s. Featured prominently was the New Woman. During the decade, many women challenged political, economic, social, and educational boundaries to prove that their role was as vital outside the home as inside it. Women's roles began to change in many ways, caused by the overall changes that society was undergoing, as well as the passage of the Nineteeth Amendment in 1920. The effect of these changes was that women made more and more contributions to shape American culture.

8. The Role of Women Changes The individualism and modernism of the early 1920s prompted many women to see themselves as equals to men, deserving the same political and social rights.

9. The Role of Women Changes Analyze Charts How did women break new social, economic, and political barriers in the 1920s?

10. Social Issues Are Reflected in Art and Literature No area of American life, however, reflected the impact of World War I more than literature and the arts. The war altered the way writers and artists viewed the world, changed the way they approached their craft, and inspired them to experiment with new forms and fresh ideas.

11. Social Issues Are Reflected in Art and Literature Modernist painters like Edward Hopper expressed their reservations about the progress of civilization. Evaluate Sources What themes does Hopper’s 1927 painting “Automat” express?

12. Social Issues Are Reflected in Art and Literature Analyze Charts What themes dominated American Postwar novelists’ works?

13. World War I and the 1920s (1914-1929) Lesson 8 The Harlem Renaissance

14. Support for Black Nationalism in Urban Areas As a result of World War I and the Great Migration, millions of African Americans relocated from the rural South to the urban North. This mass migration continued through the 1920s and contributed to a flowering of music and literature. Jazz and the Harlem Renaissance made a lasting impact, not only on African Americans but on the culture all Americans share.

15. The Jazz Age It was F. Scott Fitzgerald who called the 1920s the “Jazz Age.” However, it was African Americans who contributed the jazz. A truly indigenous American musical form, jazz is a musical form based on improvisation. Jazz musicians creatively recombine different forms of music, including African American blues and ragtime, and European-based popular music. Jazz music was fast, free, loud, rebellious, and fun, so in many ways, it reflected the characteristics and issues of the 1920s.

16. The Harlem Renaissance Jazz and blues were expressions of the African American experience. The pain of the African American experience can be heard in the blues, and the joy of that experience in the soaring notes of jazz. The range of such African American musicians as Duke Ellington and Cab Calloway speaks to the varieties of African American life. But in the 1920s, there were other expressions of African American culture. Novelists, poets, and artists celebrated their culture and explored questions of race in America. This flowering of African American culture became known as the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance helped give a new vocabulary and dynamic to race relations in the United States.

17. The Jazz Age Analyze Charts How is the development of jazz related to modern musical genres such as hip-hop and rap?

18. The Harlem Renaissance African American music legends, including Duke Ellington and Cab Calloway, played regularly at Harlem's many nightclubs.

19. Quiz: Popular American Culture in the 1920s How did radio affect American society during the 1920s? A. It helped produce a standardized culture. B. It minimized the popularity of silent pictures. C. It created culturally distinct regions within the country. D. It created social hierarchies based on the availability of programs.

20. Quiz: American Role Models Why did Charles Lindbergh rise to fame? A. He portrayed ordinary characters in popular silent films. B. He produced the first bestselling country-western album. C. He flew on a non-stop solo journey across the Atlantic Ocean. D. He became a leading journalist during the Golden Age of Sports.

21. Quiz: The Role of Women Changes What did the flapper symbolize? A. the rejection of Victorian traditions B. the intellectual ambitions of modern women C. the successes of the women’s suffrage movement D. the code of separate spheres between men and women

22. Quiz: Social Issues Are Reflected in Art and Literature Who were the members of the “Lost Generation”? A. farmers that moved to the city after defaulting on their farms B. political radicals that opposed the U.S. government C. disillusioned American writers that sought new forms of expression D. U.S. citizens that left the United States to live in other countries