Centre for Expertise on Diversity

1. Centre for Expertise on Diversity The unruly reality of policing a changing world Rinus Visser chief superintendent Police Rotterdam-Rijnmond Netherlands Policeacademy

2. Centre for Expertise on Diversity Police Academy of the Netherlands Apeldoorn Police region Rotterdam-Rijnmond

3. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Demografie

5. Centre for Expertise on Diversity Police policy on minority issues 1990 • Based on following principles: • article 1 Dutch Constitution (non-discrimination) • legitimisation (reflecting society) • professionalising (need to know) • continuation organisation (labourmarket) • police as an example (glasshouse) • police representing government

6. Centre for Expertise on Diversity National project on Police and ethnic minorities 1990 - 1994 4 subprojects • Internal: • recruitment and selection • (how to get them in) • inflow and career development • (how to keep them in) • police training • (professionalising) • External: • prevention, conflictmanagement and combating discrimination • (operational policing)

7. Centre for Expertise on Diversity Senior management First managerial level Change agents Operational level Implementation strategy and preparation Start here !

8. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Recruitment • No / limited impact national newspapers • Police often perceived as “racist” • Existing channels/networks not sufficient • Experiences with police in home countries • Experiences with police in Netherlands (boarder police) • No structural contacts with school deans • No identification with recruitment campaigns • Image of police (low class jobs)

9. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Selection process Culturally biased

10. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Psychological test 1 bacon beard beer adultery

11. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Psychological test 2 couple forrest thunder

12. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Nutricia commercial

13. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit • Results recruitment Decmber 2005:

14. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Norms and values • Honesty (communication) • Religious belief • Self-confidence • Willingness to help • Independence (autonomy) • Loyalty to family/group • Speaking mothertongue • Respecting parents/elderly people • Good manners • Obedience • Speaking major language • Good education • Hospitality

15. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Norms and value system influences people in what when to do/ how refuse to do with whom for which

16. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Norms and values: Specific for individual Inborn and taught personal Specific for: group/category Taught culture Inborn human nature Universal Source: Geert Hofstede

17. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Norms and values Guilt culture: 1. Independence (autonomy) 2. Self-confidence 3. Good education 4. Speaking major language 5. Honesty (communication) 6. Willingness to help 7. Respecting parents/ elderly people 8. Good manners 9. Loyalty to family / group 10. Obedience 11. Hospitality 12. Religious belief Shame culture: 1. Religious belief 2. Loyalty to family / group 3. Respecting parents elderly people 4. Obedience 5. Hospitality 6. Good manners 7. Willingness to help 8. Speaking mothertongue 9. Good education 10. Honesty (communication) 11. Independence (autonomy) 12. Self-confidence 13. Speaking major language Source: bureau Balans

18. Criminali! No, reclute Le scelte migliori si fanno quando liberi da pregiudizi

19. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Example of temporary solution Group oriented Individual oriented extended family school school (extended) family juvenile juvenile police (extention of state) police (extention of state) police

20. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Educational systems • Netherlands: • independance • taking initiative • majority / power of defence • making own choices • personal development • active learning • Morocco: • teacher authority • frontal classical approach • memorising • repeating / copying • reproduce • passive learners

21. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Netherlands extended family school police Morrocan mediator

22. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Values: Symbols Heroes Rituals Practice Values

23. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Theory cultureshock Positive + c Feelings b a - Negative Phase: 1 2 3 4 acculturation balance euphoria cultureshock Timescale

24. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Characteristics of culture shock • confusion • regrets • looking for support with partners in distress • rejection of receiving culture • valueing own culture • refusal to learn the language • over-sensitive to discrimination • preference for “own kitchen” • us and them-thinking

26. Centre for Expertise on Diversity Broadening policies ethnic minority policy diversity management

27. Centre for Expertise on Diversity • ethnic descend • gender • sexual orientation • age • (dis)ability • religious belief Diversity issues (internal/external)

28. Centre for Expertise on Diversity 2005-2010 business issue external “customers and partners” operational strategies long-term policies Changing focus 1990-2004 social issue internal personnel leadership short-term policies

29. Centre for Expertise on Diversity National Centre for Expertise on Diversity (LECD) • part of the Police Academy of the Netherlands • headed by former Chief of Police B. Poelert • advisors / specialists covering diversity issues • Expertgroup • National Bureau on Discriminationcases

30. Centre for Expertise on Diversity Composition expertgroup • indigenous • ethnic background • male • female • different religious • from different police services • diversity no apartheid • - principal • - essential

31. Centre for Expertise on Diversity Expertgroup provides help and advise in operational issues Advantages: • diversity management gets attention within police services • stimulates police to make use of their own (undiscovered) expertise • shows the added value of cultural and religious diversity • interregional exchange of operational experiences • police’s prejudiced behaviour becomes clear (in- and external) • colleague “from the outside” less threatening • critical to inefficient operational methods • both “social” and “business” issue

33. Centre for Expertise on Diversity • Terms of reference on diversity I covering: • Internal • leadership • strategy and policy • management of staff • management of budgets and logistics • management of processes • staff (composition) • policy aims

34. Centre for Expertise on Diversity • Terms of reference on diversity I covering: • External • customers and suppliers • society (network and partnership) • community liaison officers • maintaining networks with religious or community leaders

35. Centre for Expertise on Diversity • Role of information technology: • filing complaints through internet • exception: e.g. racism, discrimination, homophobia • PKN (police knowledge network) • crime (drug trafficking, domestic violence, traffic, etc) • information on different cultures and diversity • discrimination (legislation, protocol, partners, etc.)

36. Centre for Expertise on Diversity • Monitoring results • Carrying out diversity audit in police services • December 21, 2005 first pilot audit Midden-West Brabant • Rotterdam-Rijnmond, Haaglanden, Amsterdam-Amstelland, Kennemerland in February, 2006 • all other policeservices will follow in 2006

37. Centre for Expertise on Diversity • Diversity award • granted to policeservice with best “diversity practice” • March 2006 national police conference on Managing Diversity was held • award will be handed over by Minister of the Interior

39. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit • Rotterdam-Rijnmond • Vision is needed to solve dilemma’s

40. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Concepts of culture Cultural - relativism Culture is static, hardly any or even no interaction between different cultures

41. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Concepts of culture Universalism Cultural and religious diversity is not recognised, assimilate or marginalise.

42. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Concepts of culture Pluralism Culture is dynamic and changing, interaction between cultures, mutual agreements in solving dilemma’s

43. Landelijk ExpertiseCentrum Diversiteit Cultural - relativism Universalism Pluralism

44. Centre for Expertise on Diversity • The metaphor of the • GREENGROCER

45. Thank you for your attention

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