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9.3 A Time of Conflict

9.3 A Time of Conflict. Americans in Foreign Seas. Sailing in the early 1800s was dangerous Americans were trading all over the world Since F rench and British ships were afraid of be sunk by the other they didn’t sail as much Americans took advantage of this and traded with new partners.

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9.3 A Time of Conflict

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  1. 9.3 A Time of Conflict

  2. Americans in Foreign Seas • Sailing in the early 1800s was dangerous • Americans were trading all over the world • Since French and British ships were afraid of be sunk by the other they didn’t sail as much • Americans took advantage of this and traded with new partners

  3. Americans in Foreign Seas • Barbary Pirates • A group of small north African countries • Raided shipping in the Mediterranean • Collected “protection” money (tribute) to allow ships to sail through safely

  4. Americans in Foreign Seas • War with Tripoli • The U.S. had paid tribute, but Tripoli wanted more • In 1801 Tripoli declared war by chopping down our flag pole at our consulate in Tripoli • Jefferson sent ships to close the port of Tripoli • It wasn’t enough to contain the pirate ships and war continued • Negotiations ended the war in 1805 • The U.S. paid $60,000 in ransom for captured sailors • Tripoli stopped demanding tribute

  5. Freedom of the Seas • Neutral Rights Violated • Jefferson is re-elected, but our successful trading years are threatened • War between Britain and France begins to interfere • Ships from neutral countries are supposed to be safe to travel • Britain and France began to search our ships to see if any of our goods were going to the other country • If they were the ships were seized

  6. Freedom of the Seas • American Sailors kidnapped • The British navy needed sailors • They claimed the right to search American ships for deserters from their navy • Not all of the sailors they took were deserters • The others were pressed into service - impressment

  7. Freedom of the Seas • Attack on the Chesapeake • The Chesapeake refused to be searched by a British ship • They attacked, killing 3 and crippling the ship • Secretary of State Madison called it, “…an outrage.” • Jefferson tried to find a solution other than war

  8. Freedom of the Seas • A Disastrous Trade Ban • Passed the Embargo act of 1807 • This stopped trade with all foreign countries • Hoped this would injure Britain because they needed our agricultural products • Our foreign trade slipped down to zero • But Britain just traded with South America instead • It was repealed and replaced with

  9. Freedom of the Seas • Jefferson Leaves Office • Follows Washington’s precedent and serves only 2 terms in office • Jefferson approves and the Republicans nominate James Madison • Republicans win everywhere except in New England

  10. War Fever • Closer to War • Congress decides to lift the trade ban against which ever country (FR. Or GB) lifted its trade restrictions against us 1st • Napoleon said he would • But he continued to take American ships & sell the cargo for profit • Madison knew he had been tricked, but he still fear GB more • Americans weren’t sure who to see as the enemy

  11. War Fever • Frontier Conflicts • Ohio had become a state in 1803 and many American were moving into former Nat. Amer. Territory • Some Nat. Amer. Held contracts with the Brit. In Canada to sell goods (especially furs) • Other wanted Canada to be their military ally against the U.S. • Tecumseh and his brother the Prophet urged Nat. Amer. every where to return to Nat. Amer. Customs and abondon Euro ways especially • Alcohol • clothing

  12. War Fever • Frontier Conflicts • Tecumseh claimed all treaties with the U.S. were worthless • his brother the Prophet urged Nat. Amer. every where to return to Nat. Amer. Customs and abandon Euro ways especially • Alcohol • clothing • firearms

  13. War Fever • A Meeting with Harrison • Gen. Harrison send Tecumseh a letter telling him that he cannot win a war with the U.S. • Tecumseh meets with him in person and says that the Nat. Amer. Cannot be treated this way (being killed and having their land taken) and not fight back

  14. War Fever • The Battle of Tippecanoe • Gen. Harrison decides to attack Prophetstown, where the Nat. Amer. Are gathering • After a 2 hr. battle the Americans win • Harrison uses the nickname Tippecanoe when he runs for president • But the Nat. Americans join forces with the British • Settlers in the are claimed that the Brit. Had sold weapons to the Nat. Amer.

  15. War Fever • War Hawks • This is a group of young Republicans from the south and the west • Henry Clay – KY • John Calhoun – SC • They wanted more aggressive behavior toward the British • This begins a feeling of nationalism • Some people also saw this as a way to get land from Canada

  16. War Fever • Declaring War • Spring of 1812 Madison asked Congress to declare war • The British had stopped their policy of seizing American ships • War was declared before the Americans knew of the change • War had begun

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