1 / 24

ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS. by Cesar Luis dL . Lim, FASHRAE PME , MBA Refrigeration Committee, Chair - ASHRAE Refrigerant Management Program Committee, Member - ASHRAE Academic Member – IIAR Secretary – PSVARE Life Member & Former National Officer – PSME

kurt
Download Presentation

ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS by Cesar Luis dL. Lim, FASHRAE PME, MBA Refrigeration Committee, Chair - ASHRAE Refrigerant Management Program Committee, Member - ASHRAE Academic Member – IIAR Secretary – PSVARE Life Member & Former National Officer – PSME Lead Consultant – The World Bank “Philippine Chiller Energy Efficiency Project” Consultant – Kilojoule Consultant Int’l. Co.

  2. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS Alternative Refrigerants: Natural Inorganic Refrigerants: • R -717 (Ammonia) • R -718 (Water/Steam) • R -744 (Carbon Dioxide) • R – 723 (60% Ammonia & 40% dimethyl ether) Natural Hydrocarbon Refrigerants: • R – 290 (Propane) • R – 600a (Isobutane) • R – 1270 (Propylene)

  3. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS Natural Cryogenic Refrigerants: • R – 702 (Normal Hydrogen) • R – 702p (Parahydrogen) • R – 704 (Helium) • R – 728 (Nitrogen) • R – 729 (Air) • R – 732 (Oxygen) • R – 740 (Argon)

  4. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS Absorption Solutions: • Ammonia / Water • Water / Lithium Bromide Halocarbon Refrigerants: • R - 123 (Dichlorotrifluoroethane) • R - 134a (Tetrafluoroethane) • R - 245fa (Pentafluoropropane) • R – 404a; R – 407c; R – 410a (Zeotropic Blends) • R – 507a (AzeotropicBlend)

  5. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS New Alternative Halocarbon Refrigerants: • R – 1234yf (HFO – 1234yf), This will replace R – 134a in Mobile Air Conditioning in Europe Starting this year. For the US Market it will start in 2013 ODP – Zero GWP – 4 • R-1234ze (HFO – 1234ze). This will replace R -134a in Air Conditioning Chiller Application and will be use as insulation foam blowing agent. USEPA have approved the use of this starting in 2015 ODP – Zero GWP – 6

  6. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS Growing Pressure on HFCs • EU: F-Gas regulation will be updated by 2011; regulations on stationary applications of HFCs under consideration; • Copenhagen Climate Conference Dec. 2009 • US: American Clean Energy and Security Act (Waxman- Markey); administration supports climate protection legislation; EPA endangerment finding • Japan: METI/NEDO promoting development of low GWP fluids • Australia: Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme proposed to start 2011; would apply to all GHGs, including HFCs; • modeled carbon price US$15-30 per ton of CO2

  7. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS High Carbon Cost Burden on HFC-134a : $ 35.75 per Kg (at $25/ton CO2)

  8. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  9. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  10. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  11. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  12. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  13. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  14. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS Summary Points: North American HFC Submission to the Montreal Protocol Key elements of the North American proposal: • Lists 21 HFCs as a new Annex F, including two substances sometimes referred to as HFOs. • Recognizes that there may not be alternatives for all HFC applications and therefore utilizes a gradual phase down mechanism with a plateau, as opposed to a phase out.

  15. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS • Establishes provisions for developed country (non-Article 5) and developing country (Article 5) phase down of production and consumption. - The baseline for Article 5 countries is calculated based on HCFC consumption and production respectively averaged over years 2005- 2008, recognizing there are HFC data limitations in some countries.

  16. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS • For non-Article 5 countries, the baseline is determined from a combination of HFC plus 85% of HCFC consumption and production respectively averaged over years 2005-2008. • Uses weighting by Global Warming Potential for HCFCs and HFCs as compared to typical Montreal Protocol practice of Ozone Depleting Potential.

  17. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  18. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  19. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  20. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  21. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  22. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  23. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS

  24. ALTERNATIVE ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY REFRIGERANTS Thank You

More Related