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The Cold War: The Early Years

The Cold War: The Early Years. 1943-1953. The Grand Alliance. Origins of the alliance The Second Front The Big Three The War Time Conferences. The Tehran Conference. The State of War Germany Poland Eastern Europe Japan The United Nations Outcomes of the Conference.

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The Cold War: The Early Years

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  1. The Cold War: The Early Years 1943-1953

  2. The Grand Alliance • Origins of the alliance • The Second Front • The Big Three • The War Time Conferences

  3. The Tehran Conference • The State of War • Germany • Poland • Eastern Europe • Japan • The United Nations • Outcomes of the Conference

  4. The Yalta Conference • The State of War • Germany • Poland • Eastern Europe • Japan • The United Nations • Outcomes of the Conference

  5. Between Yalta and Potsdam • Roosevelt’s Death • Harry S. Truman • Germany surrendered unconditionally • Winston Churchill • Clement Atlee • Soviet Army occupied much of Germany • USA tested the atomic bomb

  6. The Potsdam Conference (July 1945) • The State of War • Germany • Poland • Eastern Europe • Japan • The United Nations • Outcomes of the Conference

  7. Key Developments 1946-1947 • Salami Tactics • Polish ‘Free Elections’ • Pressure on Iran • Greece and Turkey • Communist parties in Italy and France General Secretary of the Hungarian Communist Party: MátyásRákosi

  8. The Next Step • Kennan’s Long Telegram: February 1946 • Insecurity • Stalin’s Ideology • “cruel and repressive” • “logic of force” • Containment

  9. March 1946 • Winston Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/294419/Iron-Curtain

  10. Isolationism to Intervention…again • The Truman Doctrine • March 12, 1947 • Problems in Greece • The British Response • The American Response

  11. Dollar Imperialism? • The Marshall Plan • Help the USSR? • Stated goals of the plan • Dollar Imperialism • Soviet Foreign Minister Vyshinksy

  12. The Marshall Plan • The Molotov Plan • Cominform • Stalin’s “Two Camp” Doctrine • COMECON

  13. 1945-1947 • Red Army Occupation of Eastern Europe • Soviet Military Power • Salami Tactics • State police and security/spy networks • COMECON • The ‘Mr. X’ Article

  14. February 1948 • The Czechoslovakian Coup • The Marshall Plan • Sense of Abandonment • Czech Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk • Truman’s Response

  15. Berlin • Military Zones • The Allied Control Council (ACC) • Supply Shortages • Unifying Western Germany • Stalin’s Decision • The Berlin Blockade www.google.com/maps

  16. The Berlin Blockade • Occupation Zones • Corridors • The Berlin Airlift • Stalin’s Response

  17. Results of the Blockade • Continuation of the division of Germany • First Republic of Germany • Konrad Adenauer • German Democratic Republic • NATO

  18. Conclusions • Communism VS Capitalism • Future of Containment • The Role of the United Nations

  19. US Foreign Policy 1949-1950 • Optimism about Containment • “Ace Cards” • Power Shift • The Chinese Civil War • Mao Zedong • Chiang Kai-shek

  20. Background • Japanese Rule • Soviet Influences (38th Parallel) • Communist Leader Kim Il Sung • President Syngman Rhee • Two Koreas

  21. Background • Mutual Defense agreements • Problems within the UN • Soviet Boycotts • June 1950

  22. Why did North Korea Invade South Korea? • Unification • The Soviet Response • Truman’s Response • “Police Action”

  23. The Course of the War • The Initial Invasion • General Douglas MacArthur • Inchon to Seoul • The 38th Parallel • From Containment to Rollback

  24. The Course of the War • Pyongyang • The Yalu River • November 1950: Help from China • Stalemate • MacArthur’s Dismissal • Peace Talks (1951) • Pressure on China • Armistice (July 1953)

  25. Major Players • Kim Il Sung • Synghman Rhee • Josef Stalin • Mao Zedong

  26. Results • The Spread of U.S. Forces • NATO • The Treaty of San Francisco, 1952 • The Isolation of China • SEATO

  27. What Did The Korean War Mean? • For Korea? • For China? • For the USSR? • For Southeast Asia?

  28. The Effects How did the Korean War impact the Cold War?

  29. One more question……. Total War or Limited War?

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