Convention on Biological Diversity COP10 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety MOP5

1. Convention on Biological Diversity COP10Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety MOP5 Life in Harmony, into the Future MOP5 : 11-15 October 2010 COP10 : 18-29 October 2010 Ministry of Foreign Aｆfairs of Japan

2. １ COP10&MOP5 COP10=10thConference of the Parties of the Convention MOP5= 5th Meeting of the Parties to the Protocol Dates: 11-29 October 2010 Location:Nagoya, Aichi, Japan 8,000 participants estimated to gather from the 193 Parties, International Organizations, NGOs, Businesses, Academics, etc. Venue：Nagoya Congress Center Nagoya City

3. ２ Schedule of COP10/MOP５ Excursion（to enjoy nature, culture, technology in Aichi-Nagoya and surrounding areas） ・Statements by Ministerial Participants ・Panel Discussion (Representatives of stakeholders) (morning on 28th) Side Events (presentations by national and local governments, international organizations, NGOs etc.) (11th-29th) Venue: Nagoya Congress Center *Applications need to be submitted to the CBD Secretariat(by 15th July) ・Interactive Fair for Biodiversity （display booths, stage events, forums）（11th-29th） Venue：Open space by Nagoya Congress Center Related Events ・City Biodiversity Summit （24th-26th, October） ・Conference of International Youth on Biodiversity in Aichi 2010 （23rd-27th, August） ・Conferences by business, donors, etc. Reporting Presentation

4. ３ What is Biodiversity? 1．Value of Biodiversity ○Biological resources are indispensible to human life and survival. (a) Basic condition for human survival: Air, water and food (b) Useful value for human life: food supply through agriculture and fisheries Useful function of genetic resources Imitation of feature in nature ○ The benefits come out of those biological resources because they are in diverse state. (a)Species and individuals are interdependent with each other, through natural function such as food chain, supporting the whole mechanism Distinction of species and disappearance of resources will lead to the dysfunction, malfunction or collapse of the whole system (b) Most of values of biological resources and micro-organisms remain to be discovered for medical and other uses. Maintaining diversity will allow the future possibility of using resources whose values are still unknown. 2． Need to conserve biological diversity ○Nature is inherently able to recover from loss of some resources and destruction of some ecosystem, however, if the tipping point is passed, species will distinct and ecosystems collapse in unrecoverable manner. Given the unprecedented rate of loss and destruction, many species and ecosystems are in danger of passing the tipping point. These loss of biodiversity weaken the resilience of nature, resulting in earlier arrival of the tipping point • Human beings are losing some benefits of biological resources permanently, leading to degradation of life quality and threatening our survival. • (b) Our generation is depriving future generation of receiving benefits from value of biological resources.

5. ４ Post 2010 Target(the Convention’s Strategic Plan) ・2010 Target: “to achieve by 2010 a significant reduction of the current rate of biodiversity loss” (decision at COP6, 2002) No specific measures to achieve the target 　　・Global Biodiversity Outlook (2010) “The 2010 target has not been met.” Status of Biodiversity × 2010 target failed Draft Text of the Revised Strategic Plan ・Vision (by 2050)：”Living in Harmony with Nature” ・Mission (by 2020)： ”Take effective and urgent action.” (specific measures available to achieve 20 targets) improved Japan will provide assistance to developing countries who pursue targets reflected in their own national strategies. The UN decade on Biodiversity: Mobilizing all stakeholders including civil society and UN agencies. 2002年 2010年 2020年 2030年 2040年 2050年

6. ５ Draft Text of the Revised Strategic Plan Vision (by 2050) “Living in harmony with nature” Mission（by 2020） Option １　Take effective and urgent action towards halting the loss of biodiversity Option 2 Take effective and urgent action to halt the loss of biodiversity by 2020 20 Strategic Targets Strategic Goal A: Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss Strategic Goal C: Improve the status of biodiversity 1: All people are aware of the values of biodiversity. 2: The values of biodiversity are integrated into national planning process. 3: Incentives harmful to biodiversity are eliminated. 4: Stakeholders at all levels have taken steps to achieve plans. 11: Areas are conserved through systems of protected areas. 12: The extinction of known threatened species has been prevented. 13: The loss of genetic biodiversity is halted. Strategic Goal D: Enhance benefits to all from ecosystem services. 14: Equitable access to ecosystem services is ensured. 15: Ecosystems contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation. 16: Access to genetic resources is [promoted] , and benefits are shared. Strategic Goal B：Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity 5: The rate of loss of natural habitats is reduced. 6: Overfishing is ended. All fisheries are managed sustainably. 7. Agriculture, aquaculture and forestry are managed sustainably. 8. Pollution is brought to levels not detrimental to ecosystem. 9: Invasive alien species are controlled or eradicated. 10. Minimized the pressures by climate change. Strategic Goal E: Enhance implementation through capacity 17: Develop and implement updated national strategy. 18: Traditional knowledge are respected. 19: Knowledge, the science base and technologies are improved. 20: Capacity for implementing the Convention has increased.

7. Actions Taken and AssistancePlanned by Japan ６ Vision (by 2050) “Living in Harmony with nature Mission (by 2020 Take effective and urgent action towards halting the loss of biodiversity Japan’s experiences Examples of assistance Means to achieve targets • National parks managed through • cooperation between authorities • and local residents. • Experts sent to extend • knowledge and methodology Effective management of protected areas (target 11) - “global mapping”,fixed-point monitoring at 1,000 sites and “census for rivers and waterfront” . • Satellite data and “global • mapping” Monitoring and baseline setting(target19) -assistance to planning -technology transfer in agriculture -awareness raising of local residents SATOYAMA Initiative (Target 14) • Best practices and experiences are collected and shared. • Certification and labeling • Planning for sustainable forest • management • Sustainable fishery management Sustainable management of agriculture and others (target 5-7) -Experts sent to extend technology and methodology • -Awareness raising • Research on prospecting and utilizing • micro-organisms • Training courses • Equipment provision • Technology transfer The use of genetic resources (target 17)

8. Protected Areas Management in Collaboration with Local Stakeholders ７ Challenges • ①Public management is isolated from local residents, • resulting in so-called “paper park” with illegal logging and • poaching • ②Insufficient facilities and rangers, and difficulty of land acquisition Protected areas are eｘpanded, but management is not effective. Measures for solution Broader protected areas are designated and management becomes effective. To conserve and sustainably use natural resources in good cooperation with local residents and industries Assistance from Japan Japan’s knowledge and methodologies will be delivered through the experts sent from Japan. (1)Japan’s methodology Protected areas are designated without nationalizing the land, but instead effectively managed in cooperation with local residents and industries. (2)Means of assistance Experts are sent from Japan, technical assistance and on-site training seminar are given under JICA’s projects. Ise-Shima National Park, where the private sectors own more than 90 % of the park.

9. ８ SATOYAMA Initiative SATOYAMA Initiative International Partnership Country A, Village B ① ・Participation ・Information on the status and actions ○Regular meetings for exchange of information and views ○Analyzing and examining the status and the best practices of each country and village ○Considering the collaboration with assistance tools Local governments, International Organizations, NGOs, etc. Agriculture, Forestry, Stockbreeding, Fisheries (Sustainable use） ＝ ・Human-influenced nature （formation of the secondary nature） ・Increasingly difficult to maintain the secondary nature ② ・The best practices and experiences Recent Changes Challenge ・Rapid decrease of population ・Urbanization ・Climate Change ④ Reporting on the result of assistance tools Novel actions are urged to conserve and recover the secondary nature Collaboration Assistance tools related to SATOYAMA ○Bilateral Official Development Assistance（JICA, etc.） ○Project Assistance through UNDP ○CEPF（Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund） ③Examples of assistance ○Assessment of the ecosystems and planning based on the reality check ○Example of assistance (extension of agricultural technology; awareness raising to local residents on the values of biodiversity.

10. ９ Japan’s Assistance in Relation to Genetic Resources Provider Country User Country Current Government • Micro-organisms • values are not • identified for most of • them • - but, insufficient technologies and equipments available. Prior Informed Consent Government Product development / benefit arising Research Institutions, private enterprises Private enterprises Prospecting micro-organisms Contract Transfer of resources Preservation and cultivation of micro-organisms Providers Identifying their value Benefit Sharing Coming Benefit Sharing ① Sufficient technology and facilities enable provider countries to → identify the values of micro-organisms. →make utilization enhanced and benefit sharing increased. ②Training for concluding fair and equitable contracts Assistance(technology transfer, equipment provision, training) will be provided by governments, enterprises and research institutions Government Government Providers Research Institutions Prior Informed Consent Private Enterprises Preservation and cultivation of micro-organisms Prospecting micro-organisms Product development / benefit arising Contract Transfer of resources Identifying their value

11. １０ Efforts toward the Agreement on the International Regime on ABS 1993 Entry into Force of the Convention on Biological Diversity The Bonn Guidelines (voluntary) adopted at COP6（Hague） Ad Hoc Open-Ended Working Group(ABS WG) established 2002 ABSWG COP8 (Curitiba) decision to complete the work of ABS WG at the COP10. 2006 Structure of the draft International Regime was presented at COP9（Bonn） 2008 April：7th ABS WG－drafting of the text was started. November：8th ABS WG－ drafting of the text was completed. 　　　　　　　（the text with over 3,000 brackets） 2009 drafting March：9th ABS WG－ draft protocol was presented 　（simple draft text of 31 articles） July：Resumed 9th ABS WG －negotiation of draft text, clarification of points to be discussed（fully funded by the government of Japan）　 improved Discussion on legal issues 2010 COP10（October, 2010）Discussion on the draft Protocol, and the work on the International Regime will be completed. 2010

12. Related Meetings in 2010 １１ Liability and Redress in the Cartagena Protocol the UN Post 2010 Targets ＡＢＳ May The Third ad hoc Intergovernmental Meeting on IPBES 10th~21 th SBSTTA14 (Nairobi) March 9th ABS WG (Cali, Columbia) June 22nd~28th The Third Meeting of the Group of the Friends of the Co-Chairs（Kuala Lumpur） 7th-11th Discussion from the science viewpoints The draft protocol on ABS was presented. *IPBES（Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services 6月 15~19日 WGRI 3 (Nairobi) 24th~28th Preparatory Meeting for the UNGA High-level event on Biodiversity (Geneva） July Resumed session of 9th ABS WG (Montreal) Sep. The meeting was held to negotiate on the text of the draft Supplementary Protocol Final draft for COP10 was prepared. 10th~16th 1st-3rd UNGA High-Level event on Biodiversity (NY) Sep. Negotiation on the draft protocol. Resumed Meeting of the Group of the Friends of the Co-Chairs (Aichi-Nagoya 10月 22th 6~8日 Discussion among heads of states at the UN general Assembly 10月 Oct. To the end of 2010 MOP5 COP10（Aichi-Nagoya）　 11~15日 18th~29th UN General Assembly（NY） Japan will be the president after COP10 to COP11 (2012) Japan will be the president after COP10 to COP11 (2012) • Resolution on the UN • decade on Biodiversity • Resolution on the • establishment of IPBES