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Workshop on cultural Heritage and Economic and Social Development Organized by Europaid Co-operation Office European

Workshop on cultural Heritage and Economic and Social Development Organized by Europaid Co-operation Office European Commission. Porto Novo 7-10 February 2011. presented by Medhanie T. Mariam Director of Urban Planning Division at Department of Infrastructure

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Workshop on cultural Heritage and Economic and Social Development Organized by Europaid Co-operation Office European

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  1. Workshop on cultural Heritage and Economic and Social Development Organized by Europaid Co-operation Office European Commission Porto Novo 7-10 February 2011 presented by Medhanie T. Mariam Director of Urban Planning Division at Department of Infrastructure of theCentral Region (Zoba Maakel) Government of the State of Eritrea (GSE)

  2. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience ASMARA Eritrea is a place with a very long history and is home to different socio-cultural groups and different religions, Coptic, Islamic, Catholic. Its history was influenced by various populations, civilisations, migrations, historical events, which have all left a significant legacy.

  3. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Asmara possesses an internationally distinguished urban ensemble which stands among the highest concentrations of Modernist architecture anywhere in the world. The urban setting of this heritage is also the result of a rational urban planning which produced a most pleasant and remarkable urban place.

  4. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience This built heritage constitutes a fundamental pillar of the Eritrean Cultural Identity and a rich resource for its urban public domain. Unique case perhaps in the world, the built heritage of Asmara and the form itself of the city did not suffer from the rush of estate development and transformation of the building stock which usually goes with economic growth.

  5. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience ASMARA THEATRE Original Name: Teatro Asmara Architect Odoardo Cavagnari; Aldo Vitaliti and Pietro del Fabro Date 1919-1920; renovated 1937

  6. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience CINEMA IMPERO Original Name: Cinema Impero Architect Mario Messina Date 1937

  7. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience CINEMA ROMA Original Name: Cinema Dux Architect Roberto Cappellano (1937); Bruno Sclafani (1944) Date original proposal 1937; second proposal 1944

  8. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience CINEMA CAPITOL Original Name: Cinema Augustus Architect Daniele Ruggero Date 1938; destroyed by fire 1941; repaired 1944

  9. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience CATHEDRAL ANDCOMPOUND OF THE CATHOLIC MISSION Original Name: Cattedrale e Missione Cattolica Architect Oreste Scavanini Date original 1895; reconstructed 1923

  10. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience CATHEDRAL BELL Original Name: Cattedrale e Missione Cattolica Architect Oreste Scavanini Date original 1895; reconstructed 1923

  11. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience ENDA MARIAM CATHEDRAL Biet Christian Original Name: Biet Christian Architect Enda Mariam; E. Gallo (1920); unknow (1938-1939); Deggi Selam; Odoardo Cavagnari. Date Enda Mariam: 1920, 1938-39; Deggi Selam1917

  12. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience GRAND MOSQUE Original Name: Kufala Al Rashidin Mosque Architect Giuseppe Arata Date 1906; redeveloped 1937-39, 1943

  13. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience MEIDA ERITREA MARKET Original Name: Piazza Italia Architect Guido Ferrazza, Giuseppe Arata (1942), Ferruccio Mazzanti (1941) Date 1938-59

  14. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience MEIDA ERITREA MARKET

  15. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience MEIDA ERITREA MARKET

  16. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience WORKSHOP AND SERVICE STATION Original function: Fiat Tagliero service station Architect Giuseppe Pettazzi Date 1938

  17. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience WORKSHOP AND SERVICE STATION Original function: Fiat Tagliero service station Architect Giuseppe Pettazzi Date 1938

  18. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Original function: Fiat Tagliero service station Architect Giuseppe Pettazzi Date 1938 WORKSHOP AND SERVICE STATION

  19. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience The place is similar to what was half a century ago. This is the “positive” consequence of “negative” historical occurrences, i.e. the poor development Eritrea experienced during last decades, for the 20 years liberation war and then for the war with Ethiopia. However some neglect and lack of resources affected the conservation of this built heritage, now in need of investments. If well maintained this heritage will offer further potential for social and economic development, urban management, cultural activities, and would contribute to tourism development.

  20. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The Government of Eritrea embarked since independence in conservation of its heritage. In 1999 it established the Cultural Assets Rehabilitation Project (CARP), financed by the World Bank, which amongst others achievements, established a heritage perimeter in Asmara. The CARP project was stopped in 2007 and most important implementation of works remained pending.

  21. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Asmara heritage perimeter The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea In 2005 Asmara was inscribed in the Tentative List of the UNESCO WHC.

  22. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Maida Eritrea Market Cinema Capitol • The project, financed by the EC, take over some of the aims of the previous project while adding other dimensions: • provision of appropriate technical assistance and grants for works and supplies; • rehabilitation of some heritage buildings and public spaces; • building of capacity and improvement of conservation and management practices at the level of Department of Infrastructure and at municipal level. • The project will thus contribute to preserve and promote the unique architectural heritage of Asmara.

  23. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Induced additional benefits Employment: promoting employment of skilled and unskilled labour in the conservation sector. Education: linking cultural heritage with education. Tourism: improved conservation of built heritage will help developing cultural tourism preserving the cultural identity of Asmara.

  24. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” The implementation actors The beneficiary of the programme is the Department of Infrastructure (DOI) of the Central Region (Zoba Maakel). TheDOI has, amongst others, direct responsibility for Asmara urban planning, issuing building licences and management and conservation of the historic building stock.

  25. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience The implementation actors The firm which, after an international tender, was awarded the contract for the 4 years technical assistance is ARS Progetti S.P.A., an international consulting firm with headquarters in Italy, specialising in cultural heritage. The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme”

  26. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project summary Overall Objective To support the ongoing efforts of the GSE in protecting Eritrea's rich cultural and architectural heritage in order to sustain long-term socio-economicobjectives.

  27. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project summary A multi purpose project Purpose 1 To promote and safeguarding the architectural heritage of Asmara in order to enhance their economic and social potential for the enactment of cultural, artistic or economic activities; Purpose 2 To facilitate the advancement of the managerial and administrative practices and capacities of local staff pertaining urban rehabilitation and cultural heritage protection in view of qualification of Asmara for UNESCO World Heritage listing; Purpose 3 To improve the DOI archives management in terms of safe preservation of plans and documents, level of access to users and its overall management including new tools as a mechanism to facilitate future work on urban heritage and rehabilitation; Purpose 4 To contribute, throughout the programme, towards technology transfer and building capacity of skilled and unskilled labour, contractors and professionals of the built environment.

  28. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project summary Expected results Result 1 Rehabilitation of culturally and socio-economically important publicity-owned buildings and urban spaces in Asmara, having enhanced their heritage and functional values. i.e.: restoration of Cinema Capitol (Project 1) and rehabilitation of Mieda Eritrea Market Square (Project 2). Result 2 An 'Advanced Training Programme' organised and documented for future dissemination relevant to Asmara's modernist built heritage and potential urban planning developments, to qualify for UNESCO World Heritage listing as well as for enhancing practices relating to cultural heritage protection and management. This training must improve local capacity for: conceiving rehabilitation projects, legislative frameworks, regulations and bylaws. Result 3 Improvedarchiving conditions: preservation of and access to Asmara's architectural heritage plans, drawings and documentation, facilitating their use for heritage- related purposes, needs assessment as well as for general sound urban management. Result 4 Enhanced capacities of local contractors and professionals to assess, design, undertake, quote and manage significant buildings' restoration projects.

  29. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component A -Therestoration of Cinema Capitol It is the largest structure of this type in Asmara, as it can accommodate 1800 persons. It will be rehabilitated to its use as Cinema and theatre.

  30. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component A -Therestoration of Cinema Capitol • Objectives/criteria implemented in the design revision for the Cinema Capitol: • Efficient and safe reinstatement of the original function of the building; • Respect of integrity and authenticity of the original building; • Minimal intervention and reversibility of measures, whenever possible; • Traditional materials and techniques to be used unless they are not effective to the specific situation and safety of the structure.

  31. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component A -The restoration of Cinema Capitol • The methodology includes the following steps: • Historical researches and and technological quality assessment; • Integration of the existing survey and assessment of decay and structural damages; • Identification of alternatives of intervention; • Preliminary and detailed design based on selected alternative; • Execution drawings and preparation of the Tender dossier; • Assistance during tendering procedures; • Works supervision.

  32. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component A -The rehabilitation of Meida Eritrea Market square This is a square about 700 mt long, located in the city center. It is a most significant place for the town identity as it existed as a market place even before the foundation of Asmara. It is a vibrant area accommodating different functions, commercial, food processing, religious, transport terminal etc.

  33. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component A -The rehabilitation of Meida Eritrea Market square • The square will be studied within the frame of its historic, physical, functional and socio-economic context. • Goals which will guide the study and the design: • build a safe and healthy environment for the workers of the area; • preserve the urban identity, its legacy and the historic industrial buildings; • improve the organization of the market activities; • improve the physical and functional relationship with the city center. • A participatory planning will involve communities’ representatives, traders, transport companies, religious authorities.

  34. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component B -The advanced training and WHC • The Advanced training for DOI staff must be very practical and focused to the specific needs of management and conservation of historic areas and buildings in Asmara. • The full and pro-active participation of DOI staff are an essential requisite to achieve, through the advanced training, concrete outputs useful for the preparation of the “Nomination File” to the WHC List. • Theoretical, methodological and technical issues may be included in the syllabus: • history and theory of restoration, • documentation, • topographic and metric surveys; • architectural and structural assessment; • socio-economic surveys; • assessment of priorities within budget constraints, • final choices, execution design, BOQ and Technical Specifications.

  35. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component C - Archiving The archiving system of DOI must be improved and an updated database must be designed and implemented. The new archiving database should be able to: preserve, organise and make available data and information on historic buildings. 400 hundred historical buildings are identified and listed within the Historic Perimeter. The archiving system will bea Management-Information tool, to assist the DOI in the planning and management of conservation and maintenance works in the Historic Perimeter, in the preparation of the application of Asmara Historic Perimeter to the UNESCO WHC List.

  36. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Recommendations derived from this experience Project Components Component D - Training of skilled manpower • The Capacity Building component includes training based on a learning-by-doing approach for contractors managerial staff, for foremen and for labourers. • The restoration projects of the Cinema Capitol and of Mieda Eritrea will be practical working sessions under the assistance of highly qualified international experts. • The know-how transfer will include assessment and restoration of concrete structures: • diagnostic of decay of concrete structures, with in situ and laboratory tests; • restoration materials and techniques for damaged concrete structures; • Joints sessions with the Advanced Training Programme for DOI staff.

  37. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Lessons learnt and recommendations • Develop a linkage between urban heritage and urban quality; • Developalinkage between heritage, the living culture and daily activities of the community; • Conceive multi-facet and multi-purpose projects as they can trigger various development processes and can capitalize on various kinds of experiences; • Articulate the present significance of heritage, i.e. the significance for the present population, rather than focusing on the significance it had in the past. Recommendations derived from this experience

  38. Urban and architectural heritage of Asmara The conservation effort of the Government of Eritrea The EDF financed “National Heritage Programme” Project summary Project Components Lessons learnt and recommendations Thank you for your attention!

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