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GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN EMPIRES

GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN EMPIRES. MAYAN EMPIRE. EMERGED AROUND 1000 B.C. LOCATED IN SOUTHEAST MEXICO, GUATEMALA AND BELIZE. YUCATAN PENINSULA. LAND WAS SWAMPY RAINFOREST SNAKES MOSQUITOES CAUSED DISEASE. AGRICULTURE. CONSIDERING THEIR ENVIRONMENT HOW DID THEY FARM?.

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GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN EMPIRES

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  1. GREAT NATIVE AMERICAN EMPIRES

  2. MAYAN EMPIRE • EMERGED AROUND 1000 B.C. • LOCATED IN SOUTHEAST MEXICO, GUATEMALA AND BELIZE YUCATAN PENINSULA • LAND WAS SWAMPY • RAINFOREST • SNAKES • MOSQUITOES • CAUSED DISEASE

  3. AGRICULTURE • CONSIDERING THEIR ENVIRONMENT HOW DID THEY FARM? • CUT DOWN THE FORESTS • DUG CANALS TO DRAIN THE SWAMPS

  4. WHAT WERE THEIR MAIN CROPS? Corn • CALLED MAIZE SQUASH BEANS • WHY WERE BEANS IMPORTANT TO THEIR DIET? • Protein • What animal did they domesticate? • turkey • also bees for honey

  5. MAJOR CITIES WHAT WERE CITIES IMPORTANT FOR? • RELIGION • MARKETPLACE • WHAT DID THEY USE FOR MONEY? COCOA BEANS CHICHEN-ITZA TIKAL COPAN

  6. RELIGION • GOVERNMENT WAS A THEOCRACY • WHAT DOES THIS MEAN? • RUN BY PRIESTS • EVERY CITY HAD A LARGE COURTYARD WITH TEMPLES SURROUNDING IT • COURTYARD WAS USED FOR RELIGIOUS GAMES • THE BALL GAME • TWO TEAMS • COURT OF VARYING SIZES • RUBBER BALL • NO HANDS • KNOCK THE BALL THROUGH A RING • LOSING TEAM SACRIFICED • THIS ENSURED PROSPERITY OF THE CULTURE

  7. ACHIEVEMENTS NUMBER SYSTEM BASED ON 20 33 WOULD BE SIMILAR TO HIEROGLYPHICS

  8. ACHIEVEMENTS • MAYAN CALENDAR • HOW DID THE MAYANS DEVELOP THIS CALENDAR? • 18 MONTHS--20 DAYS • 5 HOLIDAYS • DEVELOPED COTTON CLOTH • DEVELOPED PAPER • TREE BARK

  9. WHAT HAPPENED TO THE MAYANS? • ABOUT 900 A.D. THE MAYAN CULTURE DIED OUT • SEVERAL THEORIES EXPLAIN THIS EVENT • WAR • EPIDEMIC • NATURAL DISASTER • RECENT FINDS SHOW THAT THE MAYANS PROBABLY EXHAUSTED THEIR RESOURCES AND HAD TO MOVE

  10. AZTEC EMPIRE FLOURISHED FROM 1200 A.D. TO THE EARLY 1500’S • LOCATED IN SOUTHERN MEXICO • KNOWN AS THE “VALLEY OF MEXICO”

  11. AZTEC CAPITAL TENOCHTITLAN BUILT IN THE MIDDLE OF LAKETEXCOCO WHY DID THEY BUILD THEIR CITY ON AN ISLAND? FROM THIS PICTURE WHAT CAN YOU TELL ABOUT THE CITY?

  12. CHINAMPAS THE AZTECS WHERE FARMERS HOW DID THEY DO THIS? BUILT FLOATING GARDENS CALLED GREW MAIZE, SQUASH, BEANS ALSO GREW PEPPERS, COTTON, & TOBACCO RAISED TURKEYS AND DOGS

  13. AQUEDUCTS WHAT OTHER PROBLEM DID THEY HAVE BY BUILDING IN SWAMP LAND • NO FRESH WATER

  14. AZTEC SOCIETY WAS DIVIDED INTO 3 CLASSES UPPER CLASS • CONSISTED OF EMPEROR, PRIESTS, NOBLES, & WARRIORS MIDDLE CLASS • CONSISTED OF MERCHANTS & FARMERS LOWER CLASS • CAPTIVES

  15. SUN GOD WHAT DID THEY DO TO GAIN FAVOR FROM THE SUN GOD?

  16. AZTEC SACRIFICE WAS DONE TO ENSURE THE SUN WOULD KEEP MOVING

  17. DECLINE • THE SPANISH ARRIVED IN 1519 • SURROUNDING TRIBES ALLIED WITH THE SPANISH • TIRED OF HIGH TAXES • TIRED OF PEOPLE BEING SACRIFICED

  18. INCAN EMPIRE • ROSE TO POWER AROUND 1400 A.D. • LOCATED ON WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA • WHAT PHYSICAL FEATURE IS LOCATED HERE? • CONTROLLED AN EMPIRE FROM COLOMBIA TO CENTRAL CHILE • HOW COULD THEY DO THIS IN A MOUNTAIN ENVIRONMENT?

  19. BUILT A ROAD SYSTEM HAD A SYSTEM OF RUNNERS WHICH CARRIED MESSAGES WHAT WOULD YOU NEED, TO DO THIS ACCURATELY?

  20. A WRITTEN LANGUAGE QUIPU A SYSTEM OF COLORED KNOTS

  21. HOW DID THEY FARM IN THIS ENVIRONMENT? THEY BUILT TERRACES BUILT CANALS TO DRAIN WATER FROM THE CITIES CANALS CARRIED WATER TO THE TERRACES

  22. AGRICULTURE • WHAT FOODS DID THEY PRODUCE? • MAIZE, BEANS AND • POTATOES • WHAT TWO ANIMALS DID THE INCA DOMESTICATE? THE LLAMA THE ALPACA

  23. WHAT DID THEY RAISE LLAMAS AND ALPACA’S FOR? • RAISED THEM FOR WOOL • RAISED THEM FOR MEAT • RAISED THEM FOR CARRYING GOODS • RAISED THEM FOR MILK

  24. INCAN SOCIETY • WHAT CITY WAS THE CENTER OF THE EMPIRE? • WHAT WAS THE RULER CALLED? • SAPA INCA • HAD ABSOLUTE POWER • BELIEVED TO BE DECENDENT OF THE GODS

  25. ACHIEVEMENTS EARTHQUAKE PROOF BUILDINGS DEVELOPED THE USE OF QUININE FOR TREATING MALARIA

  26. ACHIEVEMENTS • USED AS AN ANESTHETIC • REDUCED HUNGER • INCREASED STAMINA THE COCA LEAF

  27. BRAIN SURGERY IT IS BELIEVED THAT SURGERY WAS 90% SUCCESSFUL

  28. DECLINE • THE SAPA INCA DIED WITHOUT CHOOSING A SUCCESSOR • HUAYNA CAPAC • THIS LED TO A CIVIL WAR BETWEEN TWO OF HIS SONS

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