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Michela Aquilano Biomedical Engineer – PhD Post Doctoral Researcher

Convegno Regionale CARD Emilia-Romagna – Ass. operatori dei Servizi territoriali dei Distretti “Le cure domiciliari: quali possibili sviluppi tra mutamenti socio-demografici, innovazione tecnologica e sostenibilità”.

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Michela Aquilano Biomedical Engineer – PhD Post Doctoral Researcher

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  1. Convegno Regionale CARD Emilia-Romagna – Ass. operatori dei Servizi territoriali dei Distretti “Le cure domiciliari: quali possibili sviluppi tra mutamenti socio-demografici, innovazione tecnologica e sostenibilità” Le nuovetecnologiediAmbient Assisted Living per gliambientidi vita assistiti MichelaAquilano Biomedical Engineer – PhD Post Doctoral Researcher Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna The BioRobotics Institute Viale Rinaldo Piaggio, 34 56025 Pontedera, Pisa - ITALY http://www-arts.sssup.it Phone: +39 050 883475 Fax: +39 050 883101 E-mail: m.aquilano@sssup.it 18 Novembre 2011, Piacenza Università Cattolica sede Piacenza-Cremona Sala Convegni “G. Piana”

  2. Tematichepresentate • Background demografico e sociale • Approcci e iniziativedell’Europa • “Aspettoumano” nelletecnologie • EsperienzedellaScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna (SSSA) • Conclusioni

  3. Tematichepresentate • Background demografico e sociale • Approcci e iniziativedell’Europa • “Aspettoumano” nelletecnologie • EsperienzedellaScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna (SSSA) • Conclusioni

  4. Background demografico e sociale • New European population projections has recently underlined that the number of elderly persons will quickly increase*. • The fiscal impact of ageing will be substantial in almost all European Member States through two main channels**: • Pension (public expenditure increase up to 5% GDP) • Health care and long-term care (public expenditure increase up to 1.5% GDP) * European population projections for 2008-2060, published by the European Office for Statistics. ** Report on the impact of ageing populations on public spending”, Council of the European Union, 2006.

  5. Tematichepresentate • Background demografico e sociale • Approcci e iniziativedell’Europa • “Aspettoumano” nelletecnologie • EsperienzedellaScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna (SSSA) • Conclusioni

  6. Approccio dell’Europa: ICT forAgeingWell

  7. FP7 Workprogram Challenge 5 CallsforProposals

  8. Ambient Assisted Living • “Ambient Assisted Living” (AAL) denotes concepts, products and services that interlink and improve new technologies and social systems, with the aim of enhancing the quality of life for all people in all stages of their lives. • AAL could be best translated as “intelligent systems of a specific assistance for a better and safer life in the home environment”.

  9. AAL Joint ProgramCalls Call 4 “ICT-based Solutions for Advancement of Older Persons’ Mobility” Call 3 “ICT-based Solutions for Advancement of Older Persons’ Independence and Participation in the “Self-Serve Society” Call 2 “ICT based solutions for Advancement of Social Interaction of Elderly People” Call 1 “ICT based solutions for Prevention and Management of Chronic Conditions of Elderly People”

  10. ICT-tecnologieabilitanti e disupportoalla vita ICT-enabled assisted living and innovative technological developments can really provide aims and improvements: • Quality of life, autonomy, participation in social life, skills and the employability of older people. • Home assistance for • Patients. • Caregivers. • Domiciliary assistance for slowing down the course of the illness (not early hospitalization). • Reduction of welfare costs (nursing home costs three time the domiciliary one).

  11. Esempio: Domotica Automazione Comfort Sicurezza casa Comunicazione Risparmio energetico Sicurezza persona Well being Person Domotica = Domus + Informatica • La domotica* è la scienza interdisciplinare che si occupa dello studio delle tecnologie atte a migliorare la qualità della vita nella casa e più in generale negli ambienti di vita. • Classificazione in sei possibili funzionalità** * Definizione Wikipedia ** G. Del Zanna, M. Malavasi, and G. Vaccari, “Manualeillustrato per la domotica ad usosociale”, TecnicheNuove

  12. Business attuale e “potenziale” dellaDomotica • Advanced applications for exclusive private houses. • Capitulate-based for standard installations. • Nautical and exclusive boats • Specific and personalized application for elderly, disable and not sufficient people.

  13. Tematichepresentate • Background demografico e sociale • Approcci e iniziativedell’Europa • “Aspettoumano” nelletecnologie • EsperienzedellaScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna (SSSA) • Conclusioni

  14. Confronto: AAL – Domotica (HA) Automation Comfort Home Security Communication Energy Saving Person Security Well being Person • AAL has concepts wider than HA. • AAL is referred to specific applications and needs of users.

  15. More in AAL • Surrounding • Social activity • Social Interaction • Hobbies • Inclusion • Work ability • Mobility • Learning • Dependency from: • Habits • Life style • Needs • Pathologies • Evolution of illness • Psycho-Social conditions Tertiary Stakeholders - Organization supplying goods and services • Primary Stakeholders • Users • Caregivers Users • Secondary Stakeholders • Organization offering services Quaternary Stakeholders - Organization analyzing the economical and legal context of AAL

  16. “Fattore umano” nella tecnologia • Soluzioni tecnologiche integrate con i servizi assistiti • Migliorare la gestione dei fornitori di servizi socio-sanitari e la qualità e l’efficacia dei servizi per gli anziani • Affrontare insieme gli aspetti tecnologici, etici, legali, clinici, economici e organizzativi

  17. “Fattore umano” nella tecnologia • Approccio “User centred design” • Coinvolgimentodi team multidisciplinari (utentianziani, caregivers, familiari, operatori, etc.) nellaprogettazione • Valutazione e verificadell’accettabilità e usabilitàdelletecnologie

  18. “Fattore umano” nella tecnologia DOMOCASA • Le soluzionitecnologichedevonoessere: • adeguateaibisognidegliutentifinali • adattabilisiaall’ambienteche al comportamento e alleabitudinidell’utilizzatore finale • intergratenell’ambientedomestico in maniera non invasiva • facilmenteindossabili • pro-attive con la capacitàdi “IntelligenzaAmbientale” (AmI) • facilmenteusabili

  19. AALIANCEthe European Ambient Assisted Living Innovation Alliance AALIANCE AmbientAssisted Living - StrategicResearch Agenda AALIANCE2 – FP7 Oct 2011 – Sep 2013

  20. The domains in AAL AAL4Person Ageing well (@home, @mobile) PERSONAL AUTONOMY AND WELL-BEING AAL in the Community Ageing well in one’s social environment PARTICIPATION AAL@Work Ageing well in one’s working environment ACTIVE AND PRODUCTIVE AGEING

  21. AAL4Person Main scenarios and needs: • Personal diseases and activities management and monitoring • Daily support and assistance in chronic diseases to adjust treatment with drugs and to avoid hospitalization • Personal support in daily activities • Physical-therapy treatments in rehabilitation • Safety and security in every aspect of life and in various environments • Support for multi-disciplinary care teams

  22. AAL@Community Main scenarios and needs: • Social participation in the society • Public services and utilities • Entertainment and leisure activities • Support to mobility

  23. AAL@Work Main scenarios and needs: • Cooperation and support at work • Tele-work • Safety, security and prevention

  24. Tematichepresentate • Background demografico e sociale • Approcci e iniziativedell’Europa • “Aspettoumano” nelletecnologie • EsperienzedellaScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna (SSSA) • Conclusioni

  25. Esperienza SSSA sia Nazionale che Europea Robotics Smart Environments Robot-Era RITA ASTROMOBILE Movaid Mantova Alzheimer Sorriso DustBot Parkinson Movement RISDOM Dedalo ENABLE AALIANCE AALIANCE2 Ausili

  26. Progetto “Alzheimer Mantova”(2008-2010, loc. Mantova) Psicologi Clinici Utenti Pazienti Ingegneri Terapisti Favorire la permanenza domiciliare e facilitare l’assistenza di persone affette da forme di Demenza, come la sindrome di Alzheimer, grazie all’aiuto di sistemi domotici intelligenti.

  27. Smart Domestic System

  28. Qualità di vita e bisogni degli utenti (scheda) • Utenti e qualità di vita • WHOQOL-BRIEF • WHOQOL-OLD • Bisogni / Abitudini / Aspettative • ADL / IADL • Scenari di Assistenza attuale • Scenari di Assistenza Ideali • Funzioni • Soluzioni Tecnologiche • Valutazione: • Priorità dei bisogni • Fattibilità degli interventi

  29. Accettabilità delle tecnologie • Fase iniziale • Approccio alle tecnologie • Preconcetti • Fase design • Verifica della rispondenza dei prototipi • Fase finale • Validazione delle tecnologie • Usabilità (ISO 9241), Technology Acceptance Model 2 (TAM2), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)

  30. Progetto RITA (2010-2013, Reg. Toscana) Studio, implementazione e sperimentazione di Reti ICT in Toscana e Assistenza socio-sanitaria per anziani e non autosufficienti • Progetto di ricerca finanziato dalla Regione Toscana nell’ambito POR CREO FSE 2007-2013 “Studi interdisciplinari in campo sociale” (lett. G). • Consorzio • ScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna • IstitutodiBiorobotica - ARTS Lab • IstitutoDirpolis – WISS • Societàdella Salute – ZonaPisana • Fatronik Italia s.r.l. • TechnoDeals.r.l. Regione Toscana POR-CREO 2007-2013 EntiPromotori: ScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna SDS Pisa Fatronik Italia TechnoDeal Project Coordinator: Prof.ssa M. C. Carrozza Project Developers Dr. Michela Aquilano Dr. FilippoCavallo Dr. ElettraStradella

  31. Cos’è RITA?Obiettivi specifici giuridico-sociali-tecnologici Principio di sussidiarietà orizzontale e ruolo del terzo settore Unità e decentramento nell'assistenza socio-sanitaria Modelli di integrazione socio-sanitaria Modelli organizzativi ed erogativi Modelli regionali toscani Implicazioni etico-legali nell’utilizzo di tecnologie innovative Tecnologie innovative per l’assistenza Tecnologie per ambienti domestici assistiti Tecnologie indossabili per monitoraggio

  32. Cos’è RITA?Obiettivi specifici tecnologici • Sviluppare soluzioni tecnologiche di AAL da inserire nell'ambiente domestico o residenziale delle persone da assistere e a diretto contatto con i soggetti stessi. • supporto alla vita indipendente e autonoma di persone non autosufficienti; • attività di monitoraggio e di controllo di persone non autosufficienti svolta dai caregiver. • Realizzare un sistema tecnologico modulabile costituito da: • un modulo indossabile miniaturizzato; • un modulo di localizzazione per ambienti indoor and outdoor; • un software di gestione degli eventi; • un modulo black box per registrare i dati e le attività quotidiane del soggetto.

  33. Obiettivi operativi Reclutare un vastonumerodiutenti: pazienti e caregivers Focus groups Questionari Interviste 2 3 Analisi e design della tecnologie Analisi servizi per anziani 1 4 Analisi bisogni, QoL per anziani Validazione delle tecnologie sperimentate Livelli di analisi

  34. Progetto ECHORD-ASTROMOBILE (2010-2012, EU) • Robotic assistive platform integrated in an indoor smart environment with localization and navigation capabilities and multimodal interfaces with users • Technological Challenges • Robot and user localization based on RSSI signals of a low cost, pervasive and wireless sensor network. • Navigation in largely unstructured environments. • Multimodal interactions with users based on natural language and touch screen. 34

  35. Innovation Creative use of technology • 3D robotic services. • Multidisciplinary human and town centred design approach. • Mobile robotic systems integrated in Ambient Intelligence. • Robots working in indoor and outdoor environments, that cooperate between them and the Ambient Intelligence. • Pervasive wireless sensor network for indoor and outdoor • Engineers • Designers • Elderly People Intelligence • Embedded sensors for navigation in largely unstructured environments. • Sharing information with the Ambient Intelligence Adaptability • More adaptive, working in largely unstructured environments. • Presence of modular and interchangeable tools according to end-user needs. Interactivity • Advanced interfaces to communicate and exchange information with end-users. • Physical interaction with end-users (acting as co-workers). • Handle to support user to stand up, walking • Cover with a mixture of soft and hard materials • Holder for objects • Navigation sensor • Odometers • Inertial • Laser-scan • Ultra-sounds Dependability • Dependable and safe, satisfying the Asimov laws. • More robust, without performance degradation with unexpected data. • More effective, with capabilities to predict or anticipate events. • More natural dealing with humans without ambiguity and uncertainty. • Speech recognition and vocal synthesis • Multi touch screen • Multicolored LED-based arrays

  36. Scenarios Need: Unreliable memory. Solution: Remembering events (i.e. reminding to take drugs). S C E N A R I O 2 Need: Health problems and accidents. Solution: The robot recognizes dangerous events and activates alerts for caregivers. S C E N A R I O 3 S C E N A R I O 1 Need: Walking and lifting difficult for motor deficits. Solution: The robot assists the user in motor tasks. Need: Loneliness and isolation. Solution: The robot favours the socialization of the users, reminding appointments and encouraging them to meet friends or contact them (i.e. video calls, virtual remote games, etc.). S C E N A R I O 5 Need: Support in bringing heavy objects. Solution: The robot assists the user in shopping. S C E N A R I O 4 Impact • Efficient management and delivery of health and social care. • Improvement of independent living. • Improvement of quality of life and efficient cares of elderly people. • Sustainable welfare services for elderly people. • * The “3D Robotic Services” concept is being implemented and funded in the : • ASTROMOBILE experiment of the ECHORD project (FP7-ICT-2007, October 2010 – March 2012) • Robot-Era project (FP7-ICT-2011-7, October 2011 – September2015)

  37. Progetto Robot-Era (2011-2015, EU) Cooperatingrobotsto take care of elderly from the home…to the street!

  38. Robot-Era End-user Target • End-user Target • Men and women over 65years old. • Withmoderate healthproblemsand motor and cognitive deficits. • Living alone or withtheirrelativesbutwithout a devotedcaregiver. • Level of User Authonomy • Entity of pathologies and/or motor-cognitive impairments • Environmental and contextual conditions: • meteorological conditions • traffic, soil, • commitments of end-users • typology of house (apartment, cottage, etc.) • … High Middle Low • Elderly people are not the weak part of the society, that only receives assistance and support, but an active one, that cancontribute to the community with its experience and participation. • “Ageing well” means not only having a good health but also being independent and autonomous, participating actively in society life, and having a good quality of life.

  39. Tematichepresentate • Background demografico e sociale • Approcci e iniziativedell’Europa • “Aspettoumano” nelletecnologie • EsperienzedellaScuolaSuperioreSant’Anna (SSSA) • Conclusioni

  40. Conclusioni (1) Dal punto di vista delle TECNOLOGIE: • Coinvolgimento degli utenti nel design e sviluppo delle tecnologie • Tecnologie integrate nei servizi • Aspetti etici e legali • Usabilità, accettabilità e attitudini alle tecnologie • Adattabilità, non invasività e pro-attività delle tecnologie

  41. Conclusioni (2) Dal punto di vista degli UTENTI: • Mantenersi autonomi e indipendenti • Facilitare la gestione di patologie (anche croniche) • Garantire il rispetto della dignità della persona • Favorire la socialità dell’utente • Facilitare l’inclusione sociale (servizi, diritti, etc.)

  42. Conclusioni (3) Dal punto di vista della SOCIETA’: • Coinvolgere I policy maker • Lavorare alla standardizzazione e all’interoperabilità delle tecnologie • Welfare sostenibile • Fondi/Costi • Migliorare l’organizzazione dei servizi sociosanitari

  43. Grazie per l’attenzione! Per informazioni: FilippoCavallo, PhD f.cavallo@sssup.it MichelaAquilano, PhD m.aquilano@sssup.it Paolo Dario, Prof. p.dario@sssup.it Maria ChiaraCarrozza, Prof. m.c.carrozza@sssup.it

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