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Brain Responses to the Acquired Moral Status of Faces

Brain Responses to the Acquired Moral Status of Faces. Tania Singer, Stefan J. Kiebel, Joel S. Winston, Raymond J. Dolan, and Chris D. Frith Presented by Miranda Stewart. Background.

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Brain Responses to the Acquired Moral Status of Faces

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  1. Brain Responses to the Acquired Moral Status of Faces Tania Singer, Stefan J. Kiebel, Joel S. Winston, Raymond J. Dolan, and Chris D. Frith Presented by Miranda Stewart

  2. Background • Brothers, 1990: amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, inferotemporal face-responsive recions, and superior temporal sulcus process socially relevant information • Adolphs, 2003: detailed perceptual processing: fusiform gyrus and superior temporal sulcus; sense representaions and motivational value: OFC, amygdala, ventral striatum • These areas are important for social cognition.

  3. Background (cont’d) • Posterior STS activated during perception of motion and during inferences about intentions, beliefs, and feelings • Amygdala, dorsal and ventral striatum, OFCC, insula, and higher-order visual areas used for deliberative and implicit social judgments

  4. Background (cont’d) • Judgments on perceived cooperativeness • Strong aversions against deception in monetary games • People will punish defectors even at cost to themselves. (i.e., Ultimatum Game) • Rilling, et. al., 2002: activation of striatum and rostral ACC activated when cooperating with human, not computer

  5. The Experiment • Subjects play iterated prisoner’s dilemma in the fMRI. They see photographs of the person they are playing with. • Defectors, Cooperators, and Neutral Faces • Intentional and Non-intentional

  6. Discussion • Brain areas activated indicate that the faces acquired a social meaning. • The difference between intentional and non-intentional faces indicates that brain activation was from social relevance, not reward relevance. • Amygdala responded to positive stimuli, as opposed to in previous studies.

  7. Discussion (cont’d) • Amygdala: role in modulating sensory cortices, i.e. fusiform gyrus • Right posterior STS: activation in attributing intention • Insula cortex: consciousness of feelings, when subjects report own feelings • Less regions activated for defectors

  8. Conclusion • Cooperation is rewarding! • Areas of the brain involved in social cognition activate to sensory stimuli that acquires social meaning

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