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World War II

World War II. The Beginning of War…Pacific Front – Causes of Expansion. Economic decline Earth Quake and Depression Need raw materials and markets Militarism (historical too) Free Asian nations from western imperialism Become a ‘top’ nation Security Western insults!.

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World War II

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  1. World War II

  2. The Beginning of War…Pacific Front – Causes of Expansion • Economic decline • Earth Quake and Depression • Need raw materials and markets • Militarism (historical too) • Free Asian nations from western imperialism • Become a ‘top’ nation • Security • Western insults!

  3. http://www.history.com/interactives/inside-wwii-interactive • Japanese expansion

  4. The Beginning of War: Pacific • 1931: Manchuria “Manchukuo” • Since 1937, Japan pushing into China • Nanking fell 12/1937 • 1940: Vietnam “French Indochina”- • 1940: Tripartite, embargo, Take Indonesia

  5. Beginning of War: Atlantic Front Germany post WWI, Fascism rises… • Chamberlain: Sudetenland appeasement (1938) • September 1, 1939 Germany invades Poland • France and Great Britain declare war on Germany

  6. AND THEN…. • 12/07/1941: Pearl Harbor & GB • http://www.history.com/topics/pearl-harbor/videos#attack-pearl-harbor • The Japanese managed to destroy nearly 20 American naval vessels, including eight enormous battleships, and almost 200 airplanes. More than 2,000 Americans soldiers and sailors died in the attack, and another 1,000 were wounded

  7. On 1 November 1941, at the Liaison Conference between the Japanese Government and Imperial General Headquarters, Navy Minister • Shimada made the following statement: • In the event of war, the Naval High Command believes that the Navy stands a very good chance of victory in both the early stage operations and the interception operations against the enemy fleet, with the present power ratio. However, should the war continue into its third year and become a long term war, according to comprehensive research by the various Navy departments, shortages of war materials and the inadequacy of Japan's industrial potential will then begin to have their effect on the Navy's strength. Under the latter conditions, it would be difficult for us to have any measure of confidence that we could bring the war to a victorious conclusion.

  8. 12/8: US, GB, China declares war on Japan, Japan declares war on China • 12/11 Germany & Italy declares war on US • US declares war on Germany & Italy!

  9. Major Players • Axis Powers: Japan, Germany, Italy • Allied Powers: France, Great Britain, Poland, Russia*, United States*, China*

  10. World War II • 2 fronts: Atlantic & Pacific

  11. Why did Japan do it? • http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/videos#attack-pearl-harbor • http://www.hbo.com/the-pacific/about/video/anatomy-of-the-pacific-war.html • Intro war, Japanese attitudes, Pearl Harbor

  12. Hirohito (Emperor); Tojo (PM) “SUBLIME IS THE MOMENT WHEN THE WORLD IS AT PEACE” 26 - ’89’ “WE HAVE NOTHING TO FEAR IN FIGHTING THE US AND BRITAIN” 41’-45

  13. http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/books/applications/imaps/maps/g5s_u8/index.htmlhttp://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/books/applications/imaps/maps/g5s_u8/index.html • Maps

  14. The War in the Pacific • Japan invades Philippines, Hong Kong, Burma, Malaya, Borneo • 1942 surrendered to Japan • Bataan “Death March” (42’) • 70,000 – 60 miles About ¼ died • http://www.history.com/topics/pearl-harbor/interactives/inside-wwii-interactive • Bataan Death stats

  15. The Pacific circa 1942

  16. Things Turn Around …Why? • Doolitte’s Raid (April, 1942) • Moral • Battle of Coral Sea (May, 1942) • First stop! • Battle of Midway (June,42) • Turning point (cryptology) • JN-25

  17. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/battle-of-midway-beginshttp://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/battle-of-midway-begins

  18. Doolittle’s Raid • The Japanese people had been told they were invulnerable ... An attack on the Japanese homeland would cause confusion in the minds of the Japanese people and sow doubt about the reliability of their leaders. There was a second, and equally important, psychological reason for this attack ... Americans badly needed a morale boost. James Doolittle

  19. The Horrors of War • Guadalcanal – • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prM0ncSSTUg&feature=relmfu • fighting in the jungle • Foxholes/dugouts • Major supply problems

  20. Island Hopping“Leap Frogging” • The great Marianas turkey shoot" • Saipan – June-July 44’ • Base atomic bomb planes! • Iwo Jima – Feb-March 45’ • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Y0gdFisD9k&feature=relmfu • 750 miles SE Tokyo – 25,000 died • Luzon – 7 months – 40,000 dead • Okinawa - April-June1945 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3Lbv0K8gCs • 300 miles away – war of attrition • 12,000 Americans died – 40% from kamikaze

  21. The Kamikazi • “Transcend life and death. When you eliminate all thoughts about life and death, you will be able to totally disregard your earthly life. This will also enable you to concentrate your attention on eradicating the enemy with unwavering determination, meanwhile reinforcing your excellence in flight skills.” • http://www.military.com/video/operations-and-strategy/second-world-war/ww2-kamikaze-pilots/644501168001/

  22. Aircraft Production Aircraft Production: Zero to Loser

  23. Fire Bombing Tokyo • March 9-10, 1945 • 300 bombers – ½ million cylinders explosives • Asphalt 1,800 degrees

  24. The War in the Atlantic Ends • April 1945: Italy • May 1945: Germany • July 1945 Potsdam Conference: unconditional surrender for Japan • Battle of Okinawa on their minds • Plan to invade Japan

  25. Unconditional Surrender • August 6, 1945: A-bomb on Hiroshima • August 9, 1945: A-bomb on Nagasaki • surrender already in progress?

  26. War in the PacificWar in the Atlantic Japan, under Hirohito pushes into China (1937) 1. 1939, Germany invades Poland Nanjing Falls (1937) 2. France & Great Britain declare war on Economic Sanctions by West Germany (1940) 1940, Tripartite Pact 1940, Stalemate Becoming a World War (allied powers versus axis powers) 1. US Steel & Oil Embargo (1941) 2. Japan bombs Pearl Harbor (12/7/1941) 3. US declares war on Japan (12/08/1941) 4. Japan declares war on China (12/08/1941) 5. Germany declares war on US (12/11/1941) 6. A war on two fronts: Atlantic Front & Pacific Front 1. Japan invades Philippines, Hong Kong, Burma, Malaya, 04/28/1945 Italy surrenders Borneo 05/02/1945 Germany 2. Bataan “Death March” 3. Battle of Midway (07/05/42) – west Hawaii a. Turning point (cryptology-JN-25 & AF) b. prevent Japanese hegemony in Pacific 1. Potsdam Conference: Allied powers call for unconditional surrender of Japan 2. 08/06/1945 bomb on Hiroshima 3. 08/09/1945 bomb on Nagasaki 4. Japan surrenders (08/15/1945)

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