New-born City Design for Carbon Emission Reduction

1. New-born City Design for Carbon Emission Reduction -Zhong Weiting, Wu Yi, Wang Anqi Shenzhen Middle School

2. Carbon Emission in Cities

3. New-Born Cities • Tsukuba • Near Tokyo • Comfortable living conditions • Citizens centered • High technology • Newly-designed

4. Part 1: The design and improvement of the city’s transportation • A new city could be defined as the mix three districts: district of sales, district of living and district of parks.

5. 1. District of sales Nowadays situation: crowds of people, few green plants, high concentration of carbon dioxide Suggestions of improvement • two line streets, charge fee from pass-through cars in specific time of a day • walking-only area for crowded street • big bus station and parking areas about 40 meters outside this district , subways • the walking path with shrubs 30 centimeters above the driving path

6. 2. District of living Nowadays situation Relatively large amount of people, middle degree numbers of cars and green plants Suggestions of improvement • parking areas in both sides of the streets • large parking lot under big estates (charge lower than the sideway parking areas) • increase the design of water-ground-sky plants, instead of building parking lot on the ground of estates

7. 3. District of park Nowadays situation Small amount of people, large number of plants Suggestions of improvement • high and large shrubs in both sides of wide roads and main lines of the city, acoustic celotex board if necessary • big-sized public facilities such as music hall, library and schools in this area. Different buildings must be kept a distance • The main character of the space of district of park should be green plants

8. The transitions of different district are usually vague. The detail of design should be adjusted by the geographical environment and economic development of different cities.

9. Part 2: The system of programming the roads of transport • Data input

10. Product output: • One: The area which has lower concentration of carbon dioxide in a city at the moment • Two: The best way to go to the main buildings and districts (government buildings, schools, public facilities). • Three: The best method to travel to the busy district.

11. Exploration of building walls Setting • the room: 2.8m tall with a 2m2 window on one side and occupies 10m2 area. • temperature: 24 degrees. • two ways of heat transfer: solar radiation / heat conduction.

12. The heat transfer of the window can be calculated by the equation below： q = 0.87I0  Sc + K （Tout—Tin） where I0 is the magnitude of solar radiation；（Tout—Tin）is the temperature difference between inside and outside；Sc is the shading coefficient，which reflects the transparence of glass；K is the coefficient of heat conductivity. The unit of the equation is W/m2. Times area(s) and time(t) and we have the heat into the room. Q=0.87 I0t  Sc S + K （Tout—Tin）St I0t above stands for the total solar radiation in a period of time. The total radiation per month is provided by the weather bureau. Sc, K of single float glass and low-emissivity and insulating glass are known numbers.

13. results As we know, the cooling capacity is directly proportional to the power consumption. Assume the ratio of energy efficiency (EER) of the air-conditioner is 3, then the power saved by using the low-emissivity and insulating glass is 38.5w. Cost-benefit analysis the additional cost can be neutralized by the electricity charge in three years. one single window in one single room can make a CO2 reduction of 170kg every year.

14. New methods about running business models and public facilities • Steps in process of commercial mode [Product Design] Some products are produced in a large quantity and scale. Therefore the small change for thrift in designing, will lead to huge overall improvement. Also, nowadays, the Minimalism is more and more popular. Emphasizing that point can not only save materials and energy, but also bring convenience to our lives. [Product Producing] If the product which is under the standard be sold into the market, it will lead to societal problems of rights. The examination of quality, reform and reconstruct will cost much more nature and human resources and money. There should be more effective policies to supervise the quality of product producing.

15. [Market planning] High efficiency planning can accelerate the allocating of commodity; therefore reduce the overstock and cost for garnering, and enhance the efficiency of commerce. There is an idea: For small-scale cargo delivery, the products made of paper or wood cause almost no pollution to the package. The delivery company can set up stations for cartons in order to recycle or treat collectively. [Advertising] The leaflets sent around are always printed delicately in order to grasp more attention. But most of the receivers won’t highly value them and always throw them away immediately. That’s needed to be improved. [Store Design] Using mirror to emphasize the reflection of light can create the atmosphere of glitz and save energy at the same time. [After Sale] Increase the recycling percent, decrease the abrasion percent of machine element, can also save energy and resource.

16. The new-born city system food Carbon Emission Reduction cloth transport housing

17. Thank you!