Download
1 / 16
160 likes | 220 Views
Imaginium. Done By: Qu Tian Lu Lewis Loo Hang Zi Kai Ivan Ng. Introduction.
E N D
Imaginium Done By: Qu Tian Lu Lewis Loo Hang Zi Kai Ivan Ng
Introduction After much dreaming during the one-week holiday, our group has finally dreamt up of a new unique material with a purpose to be a great help to mankind for the topic (A). Our imaginary atom was based on understandings of the chemical bonds especially covalent bonds .
Abstract This new atom, contains 7 free electrons, is not very rigid and can be shaped. 8 of such atoms form a cubic structure with extra electrons on the corners. After shaping, we would carbonize the structure with carbon atoms, which has 4 free electrons. This bonding would greatly increase the strength of the structure to form strong scaffolding by breaking the double bonds present in the cubic structure of the “imaginium” atom.
Research on Chemical bonds There are many ways for atoms to bond together and covalent bonding is done when one electron from the first atom joins with an electron from another atom. Normally, there are a maximum of 4 pairs of electrons on the outer shell of the atom to take part in bonding. Only a single electron can be bonded, that is, if it is in a pair, it cannot be bonded as it is already stable (which is why covalent bonding occurs on 1 electron from both atoms to make them stable). So with this basis, only a maximum of 4 electrons from a single atom can take part in bonding (e.g. Carbon). However, in special cases, paired up electrons can still take part in bonding as 2 individual electrons.
“Imaginium”’s physical properties Mouldable and extremely malleable at first After carbonizing the material, it becomes stronger and has a larger value of young’s modulus
How would it help mankind? It’s a great help to mankind, especially to engineers and the constructions of buildings, as it can be mould in a favourable shape after which carbon is added to make the material stay as the shape in a tough form stronger form.
Atom Atomic properties It’s outer shell can have 7 individual electrons to take part in covalent bonding Sometimes, a double bond can occur when two electrons from one element joins with two from another atom as shown in the diagram below Electron Bonds
Atomic properties With the above way of bonding, 8 “imaginium” atoms can form a cubic structure as shown as figure 1. Now, you may notice that 6 out of 7 electrons per atom are used but one is not. This electron is used to bond one 8 “imaginium” atomic structure with another same structure. You may also notice that the cubic structure formed is very weak and can be bended easily meaning at macroscopic level, it is extremely malleable. So it can be made into any structure desired easily.
Atomic properties Although this is so, the structure would be very weak. So, we add carbon into it to make it stronger. Carbon atoms have 4 individual electrons. To accept the 6 carbon atoms added into their molecular structure as shown in figure 1, the double bonds of the cubic structure breaks. Some bonds are not shown in figure 2 to avoid confusion. Figure 1
So a strong 3D scaffolding structure will be formed also known as the face-centered cubic packing. This is extremely strong and durable, compared to its easily shaped predecessor. So the point of our new material is to help people build structures easily, and make them strong after it is built simply by carbonising it, compared to using steel and other alloys. To prove the strength of the cube indirectly, we designed an experiment. Figure 2
Designed Experiment Materials used: Plasticine, sticks and weights Experimental procedure: 1. Form the structure with dimensions 5cm X 5cm X 5cm as shown in figure 1 replacing the atoms with plasticine balls and the bonds with sticks and fix them in place. 2. Next, do the same for figure 2. Be sure that both structures are well fixed. 3. Then, add weights on 6 sides of both figures one side at a time. Record the maximum weight each structure can hold on each sides.
Results Structure made from figure two would be stronger then the one from figure 1, the average for figure 1 is 347.5g while the average for figure 2 is 385g. The readings for figure 2’s structure are also constant and not vary about like figure 1.
Conclusion From the result of the experiment we can conclude that structure 2 is stronger then structure 1. Therefore it supported the theory of carbonizing atomic structures and making our imaginary material stronger. The theory also gave a possibility for it to be able to exist in nature.
Thank You, Are There any questions? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covalent_bonds
