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The Age of Discovery & Invention

The Age of Discovery & Invention. The Renaissance . Brunelleschi's Dome on Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, Italy. Evolution of the Phone. Before the Renaissance: Middle Ages. “Age of Belief” Lasted 1000 years: 450 CE to 1450

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The Age of Discovery & Invention

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  1. The Age of Discovery & Invention The Renaissance Brunelleschi's Dome on Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence, Italy

  2. Evolution of the Phone

  3. Before the Renaissance: Middle Ages “Age of Belief” Lasted 1000 years: 450 CE to 1450 During the Middle Ages, art and learning were centered on the church and religion. How people viewed the world was informed by their religious beliefs.

  4. Age of Discovery • The Renaissance changed the emphasis from religion to the individual. It began in 1450-1550 in Italy. • Renaissance means “Re-birth” • Explosion of Discovery & innovation!

  5. What Changed? • There had been many people thinking about things since the Middle Ages (1200-1400) • Astrology (How celestial bodies (stars & planets) move in the heavens and affect human life on earth) • Alchemy (the medieval forerunner of chemistry, based on matter) • Magic (Producing results through mysterious influences or magical powers)

  6. It was a time of new views of the cosmos • Cosmos = the universe • It was more like an evolution of thought, rather than a revolution.

  7. For example: How did people in medieval times think of the cosmos? • In the heavens, with the Earth at the center, were several huge spheres, one within the next, each made of finer and finer stuff, and all revolving and emitting the “magic of the spheres. “ The planets, then the stars, studded the two nearest spheres, the rest being the dwelling place of the angels and other spirits in the service of God the Creator, the Unmoved Mover at the farthest boundary.

  8. What changed? • Copernicus revised his vision of the cosmos by supposing the sun to be the center instead of the earth. • Galileo would later design a telescope in 1608 to confirm Copernicus’ ideas.

  9. What do we think today?

  10. What other kinds of changes occurred during the Renaissance? • The world is circumnavigated and it’s real size is understood. Christopher Columbus

  11. Other changes during Renaissance times? • America is discovered with the Pacific and South Atlantic Oceans • The Reformation breaks out all over Western Europe. The Renaissance’s emphasis on the secular (non-religious) and on the individual challenges the Church’s authority. Martin Luther. We’ll learn more about him!

  12. Gutenberg Press caused big changes during the Renaissance • 20 million volumes come out of the presses to replace handwriting when the Gutenberg Press was invented in 1450. Mass production! Movable type

  13. The Renaissance • Gave birth to the idea of the initiative of man as the creator of his fortunes. People were thinking: • Great institutions are crumbling. • The Roman Empire has become a joke. • The Papacy is a military supreme power & the church is due for an overhaul.

  14. Humans are Central • Man holds a central position in the universe. • He is no longer a contemplative soul, but a transformer. He has the capacity to act to transform/change things.

  15. Leonard da Vinci • Leonard da Vinci typifies the Renaissance Man: • He was an Italian Renaissance painter, sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer. Leonardo da Vinci was “ahead of his time” and many of his inventions would later come to fruition in later ages.

  16. Leonard is amazing! Intense creativityand visionary • Seemingly out of nowhere, Leonardo comes up with ideas for things that hadn’t existed before. • He observed nature • He transferred patterns he saw in nature and put them into different designs.

  17. Your Task • You will compare Leonardo da Vinci’s inventions to those existing today: parachute diving suit/apparatus glider submarine armored tank clock helicopter • Your table will each receive an invention by Leonardo with a description of how it worked. You will also receive a modern picture of this item. • Read about the invention. Fill out one comparison sheet for the invention. (For example, you will fill out one comparison sheet on your item (for example, parachute) comparing Leonardo’s invention to a modern version. You have 15 minutes to complete this task. You may talk quietly. • Remain at your table, do not change seats or groups. The assignment (comparison sheet) is due at the end of class – 1 per group. • Be sure all members of your group list their names on the comparison sheet. • Homework: For your group’s invention, conduct research to see if you can find out how many years it took between the time Leonardo invented the item, (or improved the item as in the case of the clock), and the next inventor actually created a working model.

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