1 / 39

Motivation

Motivation. Visit to South Africa John from Kenya. Acknowledgements. Institute for Policy & Social Research (IPSR) Undergraduate Research Assistantship Fund Department of Economics Research Assistants: Komla, Kay and Ibrahima. Why is HIV/AIDS a Challenge?.

liberty-preston
Download Presentation

Motivation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Motivation • Visit to South Africa • John from Kenya

  2. Acknowledgements Institute for Policy & Social Research (IPSR) Undergraduate Research Assistantship Fund Department of Economics Research Assistants: Komla, Kay and Ibrahima

  3. Why is HIV/AIDS a Challenge? “We cannot talk about more inclusive and sustainable development in Africa without also committing to the long-term battle against AIDS, the largest single cause of premature death on the continent” Robert B. Zoellick, President,World Bank, 2007

  4. Why is HIV/AIDS a Challenge? “If nothing changes the GDP of Sub-Saharan Africa will be 18 percent less by 2020, representing a cumulative shortfall of $144 Billion in lost growth due to HIV/AIDS.” International Labor Organization (ILO), 2005.

  5. Presentation Plan • Establish that HIV/AIDS is more prevalent in SSA than in other regions. • Show the trends in HIV prevalence in selected countries in SSA. • Discuss the effect of the epidemic. • Use Lesotho and Uganda as a case study for discussion.

  6. People living with HIV/AIDS (33.0 million):2007 The majority of people living with the disease live in SSA.

  7. Newly Infected People (2.7 million):2007 SSA has the highest (new) infection rate.

  8. Deaths due to AIDS (2.0 million), 2007 The number of deaths due to AIDS is higher in SSA than other regions.

  9. HIV/AIDS Infections (%): SSA versus Other Regions, 2007

  10. High HIV/AIDS Countries, 2007 Countries with highest HIV prevalence rates are in Southern Africa

  11. Impact of HIV/AIDS on Life Expectancy (Years)

  12. Life Expectancy With and Without AIDS (Years)

  13. Percentage of Firms in South Africa reporting that they have hired extra people to compensate for the anticipated loss in productivity, absenteeism and mortality (shadowing)

  14. Percentage of Firms in South Africa reporting that HIV/AIDS will have a significant adverse impact on future profits

  15. Other Effects of HIV/AIDS include • Loss of household income • Low investment in education • Higher spending on health care (less resources for infrastructure, education) • Decline in current and future growth

  16. Is Africa a lost case? “We can see where countries are starting to gain the upper hand against AIDS, and we need to learn from these examples, multiply these results, and be unrelenting in fighting this disease.” -Robert B. Zoellick , President, World Bank

  17. Percentage of Population Infected: Lesotho versus Uganda

  18. What did Uganda do right? • Embarked on an aggressive campaign to educate people about HIV/AIDS. • Launched the ABC program: • A=Abstain from sex • B=Be faithful to your partner • C= Use condoms

  19. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS: Survey Data Examine the percentage of adults who know that: • A healthy looking person can have HIV/AIDS. • The risk of getting the AIDS virus may be reduced by • Abstaining from sex • Using condoms • Having sex with just one uninfected partner • AIDS can be transmitted from mother to child. • AIDS cannot be transmitted by • Mosquito bites • Sharing food

  20. Uganda:% of Population who know that AIDS can be prevented by

  21. Uganda:% of Population who know that AIDS can be

  22. Knowledge: Lesotho versus Uganda

  23. Knowledge: Lesotho versus Uganda

  24. Information Campaign in Lesotho Question: Which population group should be targeted? Which group has the highest prevalence rates? • Rural/Urban? • Male/Female? • The educated? • The poor? • Catholics?

  25. Prevalence Rates for Population Groups in Lesotho, 2004 Description of Data Source: Demographic Health Survey • Representative sample • Adults aged 15-49 years • No. of people tested: 5043 • Females: 60% ; Males: 40% • Rural:77%; Urban: 23%

  26. Lesotho: Prevalence Rates by Region & Gender

  27. Lesotho: Prevalence Rates by Age Group

  28. Prevalence Rates by Education

  29. Lesotho: Prevalence Rates by Income

  30. Lesotho: Prevalence Rates by Religion

  31. Some Puzzling Results: HIV/AIDS Prevalence among Couples in Lesotho Number of couples: 580 Both HIV negative: 385 (66%) Both HIV Positive: 117 (20%) Man Positive, woman negative: 52 (9%) Woman positive, man negative: 26 (5%)

  32. Couples

  33. Questions?

More Related