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VISION ENHANCEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

VISION ENHANCEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS. VISION ENHANCEMENT: enhancement of visual sensation/perception achieved through a suitable combination of sensors and display. Night time less than 30% of driving nearly 60% of car accidents over 60% of pedestrian fatalities

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VISION ENHANCEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS

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  1. VISION ENHANCEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS VISION ENHANCEMENT: enhancement of visual sensation/perception achieved through a suitable combination of sensors and display Night time less than 30% of driving nearly 60% of car accidents over 60% of pedestrian fatalities increase of detection distance glare from oncoming vehicles (106 nit on-axis) Daytime high luminance background (>104 nit) adverse weather conditions (fog, heavy rain, …) Twilight mesopic vision (10-3 =>10 nit) adaptation between background and interior

  2. VISION ENHANCEMENT SYSTEM - VISION SENSORS - visible - NIR - thermal IR - INFORMATION PROCESSING - recognition of road/lane edges - calculation of self-trajectory - detection/recognition/tracking of moving objects - SENSOR FUSION - image registration - image fusion - VIDEO MIXING - raster image - symbology (directions, warnings) - road/lane edges - dangerous targets - IMAGE DELIVERY - direct view display - HUD - HMD (VCS?)

  3. RANGES FOR NIGHT VISION - NEAR INFRARED 0.8-1.1 micron radiation reflected by the scene needed illuminator (laser, IRLED, filtered halogen lamp) typical visibility distance 150m (3x) blooming - THERMAL INFRARED 8-14 micron (LWIR) radiation emitted by the scene typical visibility distance 400m (5x) vision not limited to the lit zone vision of low visible contrast target better in adverse weather conditions no blooming

  4. NIGHT VISION SYSTEMS - NEAR INFRARED Daimler-Crysler system demonstration on trucks Illuminator: solid state laser (810 nm) Sensor: CCD HUD Jaguar-Ford system demonstration on cars Illuminator: filtered halogen lamp Sensor: CCD (TI) Display: HUD (Pilkington) - THERMAL INFRARED General Motors NIGHTDRIVER Production: 6,000 Cadillac De Villes (year 2000) Cost: 1995$ Sensor: ferroelectric bolometer UFPA (Raytheon TI) Display: HUD 12x4° (Delphi)

  5. SENSORS FOR NIGHT VISION - NEAR INFRARED CMOS vs. CCD limited blooming random pixel access sensitivity approaching CCD (HAD) (high fillfactor, active column, TFA,...) large dynamic range (80-120dB) low cost - THERMAL INFRARED (UFPA) ferroelectric bolometers Raytheon TI GEC resistive bolometers (Honeywell’s patent) SOFRADIR (polySi-Ge) LOCKEED BOEING (VOx) bimaterial cantilever SARCON

  6. SENSORS FOR NIGHT VISION CMOS Cantilever Array Flexible bimaterial \arm Grating Read-out beam Read-out Embedded waveguide Resistive Bolometer Array Hybrid Ferroelectric Bolometer Array Thin-film absorber Y-Metal IR sensor Bipolar transistor Silicon Pyroelectric ceramic Solder X-Metal

  7. COST BREAKDOWN OF RAYTHEON Electronics UFPA Shutter/Chopper Other (SW, ...) ~30% Optics Display

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