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Race Matters for Juvenile Justice:  An Introduction to Implicit Bias

This presentation provides an overview of implicit bias in the context of race and its impact on the juvenile justice system. It explores brain science, heuristics, explicit and implicit bias, as well as methods to measure and address bias at both individual and system levels.

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Race Matters for Juvenile Justice:  An Introduction to Implicit Bias

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  1. Race Matters for Juvenile Justice:  An Introduction to Implicit Bias Your Name, Title Audience, Location January 1, 2016

  2. Overview of the Presentation • Who we are and how we came to this work • Brain Science and Heuristics • Explicit Bias and Implicit Bias • Measuring and Addressing Bias at the Individual and System Levels • Race Matters for Juvenile Justice

  3. This is your brain. This is law school. This is your brain after law school.

  4. This is your brain. This is implicit bias. This is your brain after law school.

  5. This is your brain. This is implicit bias. This is your brain after examining implicit bias.

  6. Brain Science Amygdala/ae and their purpose/role

  7. Amygdala/ae and Automatic Processing

  8. OH MY! - Amygdalae!

  9. Brain Science: Heuristics We are bombarded with information and stimuli every minute which affect the hundreds of thousands (or more) decisions that we make every day Our brain has to quickly sort through and categorize information and stimuli for us to function And that (automatic processing) can be very useful…

  10. Please read the following… I adda a qwerzcadaeqaiadfjk, fdakladqeeqmoxnpwiqtenvehmajdury. U dognfousni rep sozcocley. Zorgnoyb goo? Now, read this… I cnnoatblveiee I aulacltyuesdnatnrdwaht I am rdanieg. Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at CmabrigdeUinervtisy, it deosn'tmttaerinwahtoredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olnyiprmoatnttihng is taht the frist and lsatltteer be in the rghitpclae. The rset can be a taotlmses and you can sitllraed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamnmniddeos not raederveylteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.

  11. Read the Word: BLACK BLUE GREEN RED YELLOW BLUE RED BLACK GREEN

  12. Say the Color of the Word: BLACK BLACK GREEN BLUE RED YELLOW SHARK! BLUE RED

  13. Heuristics • Heuristics are mental shortcuts that allow individuals to solve problems and make decisions/judgments quickly • and efficiently. • Availability Heuristic • Representativeness Heuristic • Anchoring • “Just World” Heuristic • Categorizing and Generalizing http://psychology.about.com/od/hindex/g/heuristic.htm

  14. Availability Heuristic

  15. Availability Heuristic

  16. Representativeness Heuristic

  17. Anchoring 867- 5309

  18. “Just World” Heuristic

  19. Categorizing & Generalizing Categorizing and Generalizing

  20. Bicycle Thief http://youtu.be/ge7i60GuNRg

  21. B: Biases R: Really A: Are I: Inherently N: Normal

  22. Explicit Bias The NCSC defines explicit bias as the attitudes or beliefs that one endorses at a conscious level. Because they are accessible through introspection, individuals can choose to conceal or hide explicit biases in order to appear more socially/politically correct. www.ncsc.org/ibreport

  23. Implicit Bias In contrast to explicit bias, implicit bias operates outside of awareness. It is the judgment or behavior that results from subtle cognitive processes that operate at a level below conscious awareness and without intentional control. www.ncsc.org/ibreport

  24. Measuring Implicit Bias on the Individual Level People may have attitudes they are unwilling to self-report; and people may have attitudes they are unable to self-report. An implicit association test can measure those attitudes and beliefs. For more information, please visit: implicit.harvard.edu

  25. IAT Knee-Tapping Instructions Simulate computer keys with left and right knees Respond by tapping lightly with right and left hands Circle of words (names or valence words), go clockwise direction from starting point, and go around entire circle of words once Do this as quickly and accurately as you can If you get it wrong, tap the correct knee before moving to the next word

  26. IAT Name Categories WHITE BLACK Maxwell Heather Jake Molly Holly Luke Allison Hunter Hannah Ebony Marquis Precious Jada Malik Jazmin Tyrone Lakisha Jamal

  27. IAT Word Categories BAD GOOD joy laughter peace happy friend paradise love pleasure ecstasy hatred terrible war awful failure violent death evil tragedy

  28. START Malik Maxwell Molly Heather Jamal Ebony LEFT for BLACK RIGHT for WHITE Hannah Marquis Hunter Jake Lakisha Precious Tyrone Jada Allison Molly Jazmin Malik Luke Holly

  29. START tragedy hatred ecstasy peace hatred terrible LEFT for BAD RIGHT for GOOD joy joy love friend evil failure death war pleasure happy violent awful laughter paradise

  30. START failure Malik Jake joy awful Tyrone LEFT for BAD or BLACK RIGHT for GOOD or WHITE Jazmin love happy Molly Jamal hatred war Luke Ebony peace terrible Jada friend Allison

  31. START Allison Jamal Maxwell Hannah Jamal Lakisha LEFT for WHITE RIGHT for BLACK Ebony Hunter Heather Allison Marquis Tyrone Precious Jazmin Molly Luke Jada Malik Jake Holly

  32. START failure Malik Jake joy awful Precious LEFT for BAD or WHITE RIGHT for GOOD or BLACK Ebony love happy Heather Marquis hatred war Luke Maxwell peace terrible Tyrone Molly friend

  33. The Monkey Business Illusion http://youtu.be/IGQmdoK_ZfY

  34. Jennifer Eberhardt’sResearch Study participants (Berkeley & Stanford University students) were presented with 41 frames of a continuum displaying an image that initially was severely degraded (Frame 1), became less degraded (e.g., Frame 20), and finally contained no degradation at all (Frame 41) – researchers measured how quickly participants could recognize the image. http://web.stanford.edu/~eberhard/index.html

  35. Jennifer Eberhardt’s Research http://web.stanford.edu/~eberhard/index.html

  36. Jennifer Eberhardt’s Research http://web.stanford.edu/~eberhard/index.html

  37. Jennifer Eberhardt’s Research http://web.stanford.edu/~eberhard/index.html

  38. Jennifer Eberhardt’s Research http://web.stanford.edu/~eberhard/index.html

  39. Individual/Systemic Reponses But…does the existence of an implicit preference (bias) = biased behavior? Good Question! Emerging research suggests the answer – at an aggregate level – is YES.

  40. Multivariate Analyses With almost a million youth, this study allowed researchers to compare otherwise identical White, Hispanic, and Black students committing the same behaviors and controlling for 83 distinct variables. So matched on all 83 study variables, Black students had a 31% higher likelihood of disciplinary action when compared with otherwise completely similar White and Hispanic students with the same offenses. http://csgjusticecenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Breaking_Schools_Rules_Report_Final.pdf

  41. What’s the Impact of Implicit Bias on Systems?

  42. Criminal Justice Health Economic Education CPS Measuring Systemic Responses: Racial Equity Impact Analyses (2010-15 Data) Black Hispanic White 4th graders below proficient in reading- 2015 Children in foster care- 2013 Unemployment- 2015 Out-of-school suspensions- 2011/12 Prison population- 2013 Searches per seatbelt violation- 2011 Children below 200% of poverty- 2013 Diabetes deaths- 2013 Infant mortality rates- 2010

  43. The mission of Race Matters for Juvenile Justice is to build a collaboration of community stakeholders who will bring their constituencies to the table and partner in the Court’s effort to reduce disproportionality and disparities. Our vision is a Charlotte-Mecklenburg Community where the composition and outcomes of juvenile courts cannot be predicted by race or ethnicity.

  44. The RMJJ Collaborative National & Community Partners National Council of Juvenile & Family Court Judges Casey Family Programs N.C. Administrative Office of the Courts Court Improvement Project N.C. Division of Juvenile Justice Racial Equity Institute Mecklenburg County District Attorney’s Office Juvenile Court Judges of the 26th Judicial District & Office of the Family Court Administrator Mecklenburg County Department of Social Services & Youth and Family Services Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools Judicial District 26 Guardian ad Litem Charlotte-Mecklenburg Community Relations Committee Justice Initiatives, Inc. Council for Children’s Rights UNC Charlotte- School of SocialWork Community Building Initiative ForeSight Leadership Training Institute The Possibility Project–Charlotte Mecklenburg Ministries

  45. Current RMJJ Initiatives

  46. Questions?

  47. Contacts and Protection Please cite Race Matters for Juvenile Justice – Charlotte www.rmjj.orgwhen referring to this material as the compilation is protected intellectual property. It may be used for individual education by may not be reproduced or distributed without written permission from RMJJ. Most of the informationand data are publicly available and the sources have been provided. We encourage you to learn more! For additional information, please contact: info@rmjj.org

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