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Vocative Case

Vocative Case. Used for direct address Quintus , where are you? Quinte , ubi es ? Metella , look, the city! Metella , ecce urbs ! Most are the same as nominative 2 nd declension masculine singular has different endings us becomes – e Quintus  Quinte

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Vocative Case

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  1. Vocative Case • Used for direct address • Quintus, where are you? Quinte, ubies? • Metella, look, the city! Metella, ecce urbs! • Most are the same as nominative • 2nd declension masculine singular has different endings • us becomes – eQuintus Quinte • ius becomes – īClaudius  Claudī • Give the vocatives for each: puellafeminaesenexmercatores pictorBarbillusAristonuntius amicus servifiliafilius

  2. Vocative Case • Used for direct address • Quintus, where are you? Quinte, ubies? • Metella, look, the city! Metella, ecce urbs! • Most are the same as nominative • 2nddeclension masculine singular has different endings • us becomes – eQuintus Quinte • ius becomes – īClaudius Claudī • Give the vocatives for each: puellafeminaesenexmercatores pictorBarbillusAristonuntius amicusservifiliafilius

  3. Imperatives • Used for commands • Give the imperatives (sing and plur) for: • laudare, docēre, mittere, dormire • portare, tacēre, agere, custodire

  4. Imperatives • Used for commands • Give the imperatives (sing and plur) for: • laudare, docēre, mittere, dormire • portare, tacēre, agere, custodire

  5. Irregular Imperatives • A handful of verbs are weird (surprise, surprise – you knew there would be some) • Memorize these 4 verbs: duc! ducite! – Lead! (from duco, ducere) dic! dicite! – Tell! Say! (from dico, dicere) fer! ferte! – Bring! Carry! (from fero, ferre) fac! facite! – Do! Make! (from facio, facere)

  6. Irregular Imperatives • A handful of verbs are weird (surprise, surprise – you knew there would be some) • Memorize these 4 verbs: duc! ducite! – Lead! (from duco, ducere) dic! dicite! – Tell! Say! (from dico, dicere) fer! ferte! – Bring! Carry! (from fero, ferre) fac! facite! – Do! Make! (from facio, facere)

  7. Negative Imperatives • Negative commands = don’t do something • Use the imperative of nolo + infinitive of the verb you don’t want them to do. • nolīdormire! – don’t sleep! (addressed to 1 person) nolitedormire! – don’t sleep! (addressed to more than 1) • nolīclamare! – don’t shout! (addressed to 1 person) noliteclamare! – don’t shout! (addressed to more than 1) • Give the negative imperatives for: cantare, amittere, garrire

  8. Negative Imperatives • Negative commands = don’t do something • Use the imperative of nolo + infinitive of the verb you don’t want them to do. • nolīdormire! – don’t sleep! (addressed to 1 person) nolitedormire! – don’t sleep! (addressed to more than 1) • nolīclamare! – don’t shout! (addressed to 1 person) noliteclamare! – don’t shout! (addressed to more than 1) • Give the negative imperatives for: cantare, amittere, garrire

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