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G. Systems of Linear Equations. Math 10: Foundations and Pre-Calculus. Key Terms :. Find the definition of the following terms : Systems of Linear Equations Linear System Solving by Substitution Equivalent Systems. Solving by Elimination Infinite Coincident Lines.
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G. Systems of Linear Equations Math 10: Foundations and Pre-Calculus
Key Terms: • Find the definition of the following terms: • Systems of Linear Equations • Linear System • Solving by Substitution • Equivalent Systems • Solving by Elimination • Infinite • Coincident Lines
A school district has buses that carry 12 students and buses that carry 24 students. The total capacity is 780. There are 20 more small buses than large buses. How many of each are there?
To determine how many of each bus there is we can write two equations to model the situation. • First what are the unknown quantities. • Now lets use this info to set up an equation.
These 2 equations form a system of linear equations in 2 variables, s and l. Also referred to as a linear system. • A solution of a linear system is a pair of values of s and lthat satisfy both equations
Suppose you were told there were 35 small buses and 15 large buses. To verify first see if it makes sense in the given data. • Our answers agree with the given data, so our selection is correct. • We can also verify our solutions by subbing the known values of s and l into the equations we made
For each equation, the left side is the same as the right side so our answers are correct.
The example situation on p. 399 shows that it is better to consider the given data to verify a solution first then check using the equations.
Practice • Ex. 7.1 (p. 400) #1-14 #4-18
The solution of a linear system can be estimated by using graphing. • If the 2 lines intersect, the coordinates (x,y) of the point of intersection are the solution to the system
The point of intersection appears to be (-2,-3) • To verify the solution, check to see if the coordinate satisfies the equation
Practice • Ex. 7.2 (p. 408) #1-16 odds in each #4-19 odds in each
3. The World of Technology • Construct Understanding p. 411
Practice • Ex. 7.3 (p. 412) #1-5 odds in each
Using graphing to solve systems of equations is time consuming and we most times are only getting an approximate answer • We can use algebra to get an exact solution and one algebraic strategy is called solving by substitution
By using substitution, we transform a system of 2 linear equations into a single equation in one variable. • Then we use what we know about solving linear equations to determine the value of the variable
These two linear systems have the same solution x=1 and y=2. WHY?
They have the same solution because they are equivalent equations in each system • Multiplying or dividing the equations in a linear system by a non-zero number does not change the graphs. • So their point of intersection, and hence, their solution is unchanged.
A system of equivalent equations is called an equivalent linear system and has the same solution as the original
When an equation in a linear system has coefficients or a constant term that are fractions, we can multiply by a common denominator to write an equivalent equation with integer coefficients • Basically we get ride of the fractions
Practice • Ex. 7.4 (p. 424) #1-5, 7-14, 17-19, 21 #4-23 do the odds in the question that have multiply questions
5. Solving Systems of Equations using Elimination • Construct Understanding p. 429
Similarly to the last section that we looked at, adding or subtracting 2 equations in a linear system produces equivalent linear systems. • We use this property to solve a linear system by first eliminating one variable by adding or subtracting the two equations. • This is called Solving by Elimination
We may need to multiply one or both equations by a constant before we can eliminate a variable by adding or subtracting
In a linear system, we may have to write equivalent equations with integer coefficients before we apply the elimination strategy
