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PLANTS

PLANTS. Roots. buried under the ground help keeps plants from blowing away helps keeps plants from being swept away by rainstorms. Roots also give a plant the water it needs. ROOT CAP. Protects the tip of a root as it grows and moves through soil. There are two main kinds of roots.

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PLANTS

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  1. PLANTS

  2. Roots • buried under the ground • help keeps plants from blowing away • helps keeps plants from being swept away by rainstorms

  3. Roots also give a plant the water it needs.

  4. ROOT CAP Protects the tip of a root as it grows and moves through soil.

  5. There are two main kinds of roots.

  6. Fibrous roots are thin and have many branches.

  7. Tap roots are large, thick roots with fine roots called root hairs branching off them.

  8. STEMS

  9. STEMS Carry water and minerals absorbed by roots to leaves and flowers.

  10. Stems also carry sap, made by leaves, down to all parts of the plant.

  11. Sap is the sugary food plants make to nourish themselves and stay alive.

  12. Inside the stem are long bundles of tiny tubes which carry water and food.

  13. One bundle, the xylem, carries water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. It also supports the great bulk of the plant.

  14. The phloem bundles carry food (carbohydrates) from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

  15. VEINS IN STEMS

  16. LEAVES

  17. Types of leaf shapes simple and compound

  18. Simple leaves have 1 blade (or body) attached to a stem.

  19. A compound leaf has several blades all attached to the same stem.

  20. Identify the following leaves as: Simple or Compound A B C D E Simple Compound Compound Simple Simple

  21. All leaves have a network of veins running through them.

  22. VEINS • carry water and mineral from root and stem to leaves • carry food that the leaves make to the rest of the plant

  23. 2 types of veins • Parallel veins run the same direction as the leaf. • Netted veins branch out at all angles to cover the entire leaf.

  24. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

  25. Plants can make food just from air, water, and sunlight.

  26. To make food from air, plants need the carbon dioxide that animals exhale.

  27. Green plants have a special chemical in their leaves called chlorophyll.

  28. Chlorophyll lets the plant use the energy from the sun shining on its leaves to make food out of carbon dioxide and water.

  29. Chlorophyll is what makes leaves green.

  30. A plant’s way of making food is called photosynthesis.

  31. During photosynthesis, plants produce a kind of sugar.

  32. Plants and animals supply the requirements of life to each other.

  33. Animals breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide, a gas poisonous to them.

  34. Plants take carbon dioxide from the air, turn it back into oxygen, which it releases into the air.

  35. Plants breathe through little microscopic holes on the bottom of the leaves.

  36. These holes are called stomata

  37. stomata viewed under an electron microscope

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