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CONCRETE

CONCRETE. Concrete made of three materials. 1. PORTLAND CEMENT lime, silica, and alumina Adding water causes chemical reaction: hydration. Concrete made of three materials. 2. Water Amount of water affects the final strength Too much reduces strength. Concrete made of three materials.

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CONCRETE

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  1. CONCRETE

  2. Concrete made of three materials 1. PORTLAND CEMENT • lime, silica, and alumina • Adding water causes chemical reaction: hydration

  3. Concrete made of three materials 2. Water • Amount of water affects the final strength • Too much reduces strength

  4. Concrete made of three materials 3. Aggregates • Sand or gravel • Improves cement structure

  5. CONCRETE Bonds with aggregates • initial set: 45 minutes • final set: 10 hours • Final cured strength: 28 days

  6. MORTAR • Material used to bond masonry units together • Not structural like concrete

  7. MORTAR • Bonds are just the opposite of concrete: • Higher water-cement ratios bond better

  8. Mix 1 part mortar: 2 parts sand

  9. Bricks Cored brick • cheaper

  10. Bricks Bullnose brick • Rounded edge

  11. CONCRETE • Most landscape jobs, 4000 PSIconcrete with 3” slump • Slump is measure of the amount of water in concrete

  12. CONCRETE ACCESS FOR MIXER • Wheelbarrow

  13. CONCRETE ACCESS FOR MIXER • Concrete boom

  14. BASE AND REINFORCEMENT Wiremesh, reduce cracking and strengthen

  15. BASE AND REINFORCEMENT Fibermesh, tiny strands of fiberglass added to mix

  16. FORMS • 2x4 most common • Curved sections using flexible plastic

  17. EXPANSION JOINTS • Absorb expansion of concrete when warm • Between concrete and a permanent object

  18. EXPANSION JOINTS ½” plastic or fiberboard

  19. POUR • Screed in sawing motion to the top of the form

  20. FLOATING • Smoothingsurface • Magnesium, steel or wood float

  21. FLOATING • Kneeboards to reach center

  22. FLOATING Bull floating is the initial float • Compacts concrete, brings up water • Reduces cracking

  23. Pouring Concrete • Forms

  24. Concrete Sidwalk • Base material • 57 Stone

  25. Concrete Sidwalk • Wiremesh

  26. Concrete Sidwalk • Concrete

  27. Concrete Sidwalk • Screed level with forms

  28. Concrete Sidwalk • Bull float

  29. Concrete Sidwalk • Float finish

  30. Concrete Sidwalk • Contraction joint

  31. CONTRACTION JOINTING • 3/8” groove across concrete • Controls cracking as slab dries • Cracks will occur on contraction joints

  32. JOINTING • While concrete still wet • Or cut after dry

  33. JOINTING • Can be part of design

  34. Concrete Sidwalk • Edge

  35. EDGING • Rounds and smoothes the edge • Done while wet • Reduces chipping

  36. CURING • Retains heat and moisture • Cover with plastic sheet • Or spray with membrane compound

  37. CURING • Improves strength and reduces cracking • Slows down drying • Cover a minimum of 24 hours • Ideally 3 to 7 days • Until moisture no longer under plastic

  38. Concrete Sidwalk • Broom finish

  39. Broom Finish • Broom, texture and non-slip

  40. Broom Finish • Broom, perpendicular to traffic

  41. Color Concrete • Dye mixed with concrete or topdressed on surface

  42. Stamping Concrete • Realistic paver or stone patterns • Stamping Concrete Video • About $8 / square foot

  43. Stamping Concrete • Colored release agent: colors and keeps concrete from sticking to stamp

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