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Chem in Context Lecture: Solutions; December 5, 2006; Pg1

Chem in Context Lecture: Solutions; December 5, 2006; Pg1. I. What is a solution?. A. A solution is a mixture of two or more substances and can be heterogeneous or homogeneous. 1) mixture – substances are NOT chemically bound (no interaction between electrons).

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Chem in Context Lecture: Solutions; December 5, 2006; Pg1

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  1. Chem in Context Lecture: Solutions; December 5, 2006; Pg1 I. What is a solution? A. A solution is a mixtureof two or more substances and can be heterogeneous or homogeneous 1) mixture – substances are NOT chemically bound (no interaction between electrons) 2) homogeneous -- the particles in the mixture are indistinguishable from one another to the naked eye (i.e. salt dissolved in sea water) 3) heterogeneous -- the particles in the mixture are distinguishable to the naked eye (i.e. fish in the ocean)

  2. Chem in Context Lecture: Solutions; December 5, 2006; Pg2 B. A solution consists of two parts. 1) solute – what is being dissolved (i.e. for sweet tea: sugar) 2) solvent – what you are dissolving the solute in (i.e. for sweet tea: tea) II. What can affect the rate of the solution reaction? (aka catalysts) A. Surface Area – the smaller the solute particles are made, the more readily they will dissolve in the solvent B. Heat – adding heat adds energy to speed up the solution-making C. Stirring – physically stirring adds energy and facilitates blending of solute with solvent

  3. Chem in Context Lecture: Solutions; December 5, 2006; Pg3 III. What are the types of solutions? A. Based on TYPE of solute and solvent 1) aqueous – water is the solvent 2) tincture – alcohol is the solvent 3) alloy – solid in another solid B. Based on CONCENTRATION of solution How is concentration calculated? Concentration = mass of solute (g) ÷ volume of solvent (mL) 1) saturated – the solvent holds the max- imum quantity of solute that it can 2) unsaturated – the solvent could hold more of the solute

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