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iThEC’s Approach toward Nuclear Waste Transmutation and Energy Production with Thorium

iThEC’s Approach toward Nuclear Waste Transmutation and Energy Production with Thorium. Yacine Kadi Thorium Energy Conference 2013 Globe of Innovation, CERN, Switzerland October 31, 2013. Concerns on Conventional Nuclear Power Plants Safety. Accidents & Safety Nuclear Proliferation

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iThEC’s Approach toward Nuclear Waste Transmutation and Energy Production with Thorium

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  1. iThEC’sApproach toward Nuclear Waste TransmutationandEnergy Production with Thorium Yacine Kadi Thorium Energy Conference 2013 Globe of Innovation, CERN, Switzerland October 31, 2013

  2. Concerns on Conventional Nuclear Power Plants Safety • Accidents & Safety • Nuclear Proliferation • Accumulation of Radioactive Wastes • Depletion of Uranium Resources These problems need to be solved in order to be able to deploy nuclear power on a large scale

  3. 400 – 800 GWe Business as usual Open fuel cycle 1200 GWe by 2030 / 7000 GWe by 2050 Acceleratedalternative scenario Only made possible by closing fuel cycle Commercial demos Th-ADS by 2030 International initiative iThEC The path towards sustainability Nuclear waste

  4. The role of iThEC • Key objective is to encourage • Transmutation ofnuclearwaste • Thorium power generation • Actions : • Organising conferences, addressing political and economic circles, the media and the public • Fostering links between academia and private sector • Concrete steps : • September 2012: iThEC founded as a non-profit organisation in Geneva. • October 2013: Organization of ThEC13 • Next step: by 2015 set up an international collaboration on an ADS for Thorium power and waste transmutation

  5. Partitioning &Transmutation • P/T applies to TRU (Puand Minor Actinides) and Long Lived Fission Products. • It should be kept in mind that Plutonium is a special case: it can be considered as a valuable resource or part of the wastes. • However, P/T technologies must apply to all fuel cycles.

  6. Common Deployment Scenario • The objectives of GEN-IV include P/T (waste minimization), as consistent with sustainability and non-proliferation: it is the path towards “Advanced Fuel Cycles”. • Implementation: currently related to Fast Reactor deployment. However, ADS is the only option for Minor Actinide elimination • 2020 • Implementation of MA partitioning • Waste minimization (Vitrified FP)

  7. MA Transmutation Typical transmutation rates (~ 50 kg/TWh) using MA based fuels. Doping with Pu will sensibly decrease the transmutation efficiency of such systems

  8. Alternative Deployment Scenario 232Th+ 233U 232Th Nuclear waste STAGE 1 STAGE 2 ADS LWR with reduced waste generation

  9. Transmutation Rates

  10. Reactivity Evolution of ThPu fuel

  11. Three Stage Program in India Thorium in Centre Stage

  12. Development is Time-Consuming

  13. Fast track by Integration of Consolidated Technologies … by 2030 ! 2+ UO 2 UO +PuO 2 2 2+ PuO 2 Technology of pyrochemical reprocessing of fuel High power accelerators technology Technologies of fast reactors with lead-bismuth coolant Liquid metal targets technology

  14. R&D in Europe

  15. Lead or Lead-Bismuth studies STELLA Loop CIRCE Loop CEA ENEA VICE Loop CHEOPE Loop CorrWett Loop SCK-CEN ENEA PSI CIRCO Loop TALL Loop CIEMAT KTH J-PARC India China LBE loop: 550˚C, 6m3/h (Shinian Fu, IHEP, Bejing Eurotrans using the many loop facilities existing in Europe Japan, India and China, all have lead or LBE loops,and are making significantprogress in corrosionissues (new materials, passivation methods, etc.)

  16. Worldwide Programs

  17. Th-ADS Demo Parameters

  18. The iThEC Initiative By 2015, iThEC aims to set up an international collaboration to build a Thorium ADS In the two years to come, iThEC will identify material and financial resources and competencies on a world-wide basis iThEC will invite interested parties to join in this common undertaking

  19. Concluding remarks Accelerator-driven systems offers a unique level of safety, which give operational flexibility to future systems for safe and clean energy production and waste transmutation Present accelerator technology offers the possibility of closing the thorium fuel cycle. The Energy Amplifier is one of the examples with high potential iThEC aims to promote the deployment of these technologies

  20. Thank You Yacine Kadi iThEC

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