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Waste Management System City of Copenhagen

Waste Management System City of Copenhagen. Susanne Lindeneg, Department of waste management City of Copenhagen, Denmark. Contents. Legal framework Facts and figures City of Copenhagen History of waste-handling

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Waste Management System City of Copenhagen

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  1. Waste Management System City of Copenhagen Susanne Lindeneg, Department of waste managementCity of Copenhagen, Denmark

  2. Contents • Legal framework • Facts and figures City of Copenhagen • History of waste-handling • Waste-management-planning: the systems-approach and setting of targets • Waste-management today: Public service • Tendering-strategy and contract-follow-up • Ressource- and waste-management-plan 2018: Targets and projects Copenhagen July 2013

  3. Facts about Copenhagen • Capital of Denmark • 88 km2 • 550,000 inhabitants • 283,000 households • 90% living in apartments • Annual increase in population of about 10,000 • 355,000 workplaces • 80,000 enterprises Copenhagen July 2013

  4. Principles for Danish Waste Management System • Waste hierarchy • Ban on landfill of organic waste (1996) • Source separation • Waste- management plans every 4 (6) years setting high goals • National taxes on treatment (new system in 2010) • Recycling 0 EUR • Incineration 45 EUR • Landfilling 50 EUR • Waste fees not part of tax systems • Municipal waste budget needs to balance • Authority divided between municipalities and state • Supernational regulation at EU-level Copenhagen July 2013

  5. In the 1960’s: Dumpsites • Waste driven to dumpsites • Population growth • Rapid economic growth • Increasing amount of waste • Lack of capacity • Growing environmental awareness: Groundwater • NIMBY • Something had to be done Copenhagen July 2013

  6. Waste management planning • 1988 First waste plan in the City of Copenhagen • New plan every 4 (6) years • The waste management plans contain: • Description of waste-collection system • Vision for the waste system in the coming 4 – 6 - 12 years • New goals for prevention, more recycling, less incineration and lesslandfilling • Identifies means and ressources as to reach the goals • Public hearing • The plans are adopted by the Copenhagen City Council • New WM-plan: Ressource and Waste Management plan 2018 Copenhagen July 2013

  7. From land-fill to recycling and W2E – resultof legislation, highgoals in waste management plans and economicincentives- Copenhagen Copenhagen July 2013 7

  8. Waste Production in 2010 • Total: 820,600 tons • Recycling 58%, Incineration 39%, Landfilling 2%, Special treatment 1% Copenhagen July 2013

  9. Instead of Dumpsites - Incineration • In 1970, two incineration plants were opened in the vicinity of Copenhagen • Managed and operated by Intermunicipal entities • Amagerforbrænding in the east of Copenhagen • Vestforbrænding just north-west of Copenhagen • Reduced health hazards and used the waste as a source for heat and electricity • Connected to an extensive district heating system Copenhagen July 2013

  10. • Glas • Beverage containers Collection of waste from household •  • Residual waste • Paper • Cardboard • Bulky waste, incl. refrigerators and electronic equipments • Gardening waste • Hazardous waste • Plastic • Small electronics • Metal • Collection schemes • Collect- and bring schemes • Closeness principle • Easy and logical • Source separation • Selective waste collection • Paper (60% of potential) • Cardboard (41% of potential) • Glass (62% of potential) • Gardening waste (unknown potential) •  • Waste for recycling centres Copenhagen July 2013

  11. Economy of wasteschemes 2010 Waste fees: 526.000.000 d.kr (75.000.000 EUR) • Households: 454.000.000 • Commerce: 47.000.000 • Sale of recyclables: 25.000.000 Expenses: 568.000.000 d. kr. Single- family house • 3.221 d. kr./year (430 EUR) Apartment • 1.778 d. kr./year (237 EUR) Copenhagen July 2013

  12. Collection and treatment of waste from commerce and industry • Waste producers find own transporter for collection of waste • Transporter or waste producer find treatment facility for recyclables • Organisation of collection of householdwaste by the city • From 2009-2011 City of Copenhagen have undergone tendering of household waste • Previously collected by a consession company since 1950’ies • Tendering of collection of waste • Tendering in city districts • Tendering in special waste fractions • Recyclable waste sold by the municipality at market value Copenhagen July 2013

  13. Tenderingstrategy • Focus on • Customer service • Environment • Working environment • Advantages of market competition • Keeping the best from the concessionary agreement and combining it with the best of market competition and demanding better conditions where it’s needed

  14. Contract follow-up • Municipal organization for Procurement and Operations – Resource demanding • Aiming towards securing good quality of the services provided to the citizens and customers • Combining professional good-spirit cooperation with stringent contract control • Penalty system for clear-cut agreement on quality and delivery • 13 € per bin not collected as agreed • 26 € per bin not placed correctly after collection • Suitable administrational IT-system needed Copenhagen July 2013

  15. On-goingsurvey: What do the Citizens think? • 3 times a year: 500 interviews • More than 80 % aresatisfiedwithwastecollectionschemes • Just under 50 % points to more sorting, whenasked for ideas of improvement • Peopleare in general not concerned by environmentalhazards due to incineration of waste. • Focus is onretainingmaterial-ressources in eg. plastics, metals, paper, organicwaste and avoiding pollution from hazardouswaste Copenhagen July 2013

  16. Resource and Waste Management Plan 2018 • Focus on resource efficiency and green growth • Change from incineration to recycling Goal in 2018 • 20 % reduction in waste to incineration • From 324,000 tonnes in 2010 to 260,000 tonnes in 2018 • 45 % of household waste to recycling • From 55,000 tonnes in 2010 to 100,000 tonnes in 2018 • Plan came into force 1 January 2013 Copenhagen July 2013

  17. Initiatives towards zero waste • Decrease in amounts 240,300 tonnes of household waste (2007) -> 203,200 (2019) • Focus on behavioural changes • Information on waste prevention • Campaign on unsolicited mail More options for reuse • Partnership on reuse event • Reuse areas in yards • Recycling centres with reuse areas Citys institutions as frontrunners • Survey on potential for waste prevention • Strategic tendering with less packaging Copenhagen July 2013

  18. Resource and Waste Management Plan 2018 – Focus areas • Biological treatment of food waste • 25.000 tons of food waste for biogas production, nutrients spread on farmland • Recycling and prevention of plastic • 15.000 tons of plastic diverted from incineration • Copenhageners to sort more at source • Higher efficiency in recycling schemes • Attitude and behavioral change • Waste prevention • Food waste, C&D waste and municipal procurement Copenhagen July 2013

  19. Recycling efficiency – Household waste Copenhagen July 2013

  20. Thank you for your attention! Susanne Lindeneg: a02x@tmf.kk.dk Copenhagen July 2013

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