Mobile Television Business & Technology Platforms, DVB-H, Operator Roles

1. Mobile TelevisionBusiness & Technology Platforms, DVB-H, Operator Roles T-109.4300 Network Services Business Models 15.2.2006 Eino Kivisaari

2. Why mobile TV? • ”Because it is there…” • People watch TV a lot… • …It has become technically possible to deliver the experience of TV watching in mobile terminals… So, why not..? 

3. Why mobile TV? (Contd.) • Terminal manufacturers are looking for new, significant factors of differentiation • Advanced (new) features with real benefits are a means to avoid terminal price decline • Mobile operators are looking for new succesful applications as well • Mobile TV is a new channel for content providers to re-sell their existing content

4. Technical Challenges 1) Mobile Reception • An antenna inside a terminal, a terminal inside a building.. • Terminals are moving fast (inside cars, trains..) • ..Compared to a stationary roof-top antenna (DVB-T) 2) Battery Consumption • Receiver always on in DVB-T • Constant rendering of a 4-5 Mbps stream (DVB-T, MPEG2)  Lot of processing power needed

5. Network Capacity DVB-T: • ~24 Mbps (64QAM) • 3-6 Mbps / TV channel  Appr. 5 channels per multiplex DVB-H: • 5-11 Mbps (QPSK…16QAM) • 250-500 kbps / TV channel  Up to tens of channels Raw DVB-H bandwidth depends on the Modulation used(QPSK or 16QAM), Guard Interval, and Code Rate • Guard Interval: ”air-clearout-time” between OFDM symbols • Code Rate: ratio of payload and error correction data

6. New in DVB-H Time Slicing • For power consumption • Terminal RF receiver is off 90% of the time • Time slicing makes smooth handover possible 4K Subcarrier Mode • 2K: Tolerates high speed terminal movement, but only small cell size ( costly network) • 8K: Big cell diameter (up to 80 km), but cannot handle terminals moving too fast • 4K: Good compromise between 2K and 8K

7. IPDC Protocol Stack AV stream (H.263, H.264, AAC, etc.) RTP Source: http://www.tml.hut.fi/~lstaffan/MScThesisStaffans.pdf Referenced 14.2.2006

8. IPDC Encapsulation eg. H.263 & AAC DVB Transport Stream, Protocol Data Units (PDUs) Source: http://www.tml.hut.fi/~lstaffan/MScThesisStaffans.pdf Referenced 14.2.2006

9. Example IPDC Architecture (IPDC = Internet Protocol DataCasting) DVB-H Transmitter Mobile TV Management Server DVB Modulator Stream Encoder IP / MPE Encapsulator Multicast IP Network Stream Encoder DVB-H Terminal GSM Stream Encoder Mobile TV Billing & Charging

10. Service Announcement • ESG = Electronic Service Guide • ESG in DVB-H mobile television is a program guide + a lot of technical information for the terminal • ESG is needed for opening a program stream: what channel’s content is coming from what IP multicast address / port, using which codec, etc… • ESG also supports the paid services

11. Conditional Access Paid services for mobile TV? • Conditional Access (CA) methods needed In terrestrial TV there are many many options… • Open Interface, Nagravision, Conax, etc... In DVB-H systems, IPSec and OMA DRM are used • No security by obscurity • Standard-based solutions • No proprietary algorithms / associated fees as in the terrestrial TV case

12. Single-Frequency Networks Source: http://www.dvb-h-online.org/PDF/DigiTAG-DVB-H-Handbook.pdf Referenced 8.2.2006 Amount of transmitter stations: Cellular >> DVB-H >> Terrestrial Digital TV

13. Mobile TV Operator Roles Network Operator • Operates the DVB-H network • Modulators, Transmitters, Repeaters… • Owns & operates the multicast (intra) network • IP / MPE encapsulators • Owner of the frequency Datacast Operator • Orchestrates the mobile TV technical platform between content providers (TV channels), service operators (cellular operators), datacast operator and DVB-H network operator • Generates ESG (which is then filecasted to terminals)

14. Operator Roles (Contd.) Content Provider • Eg. a TV Channel (such as BBC, YLE, MTV3 or Nelonen) • Owner (or aggregator) of the content • Produces a digital content stream by encoding (an existing) the audio/video signal for use in mobile TV Service Operator • Eg. a mobile cellular operator • ”Owns” the end-user • Takes care of mobile TV service marketing & branding, pricing, end-user support, billing & charging

15. Operator Roles in Providing(Paid) Mobile TV Services Content Provider Content Stream broadcast over DVB-H Generates ESG Network Operator Datacast Operator Content Provider Mobile TV Terminal Information about purchasable services Digital Rights Operates a content stream encoder GPRS Service Operator 1 Purchase requests Content Provider Content Provider Service Operator 2 Service Operator 3

16. Competing Standards DVB-H • UHF (470-750 MHz) • Up to 11 Mbps DAB • VHF • ~ 1 Mbps DMB • VHF • ~ 1 Mbps ISBD-T • Only in Japan • ~ 1,5 Mbps MediaFLO • UHF, VHF • Up to 11 Mbps • Qualcomm (proprietary)

17. Recent Developments • Nokia Open Air Interface 1.0 (OAI 1.0) http://www.mobiletv.nokia.com/solutions/openair/ • Contains specifications for ESG functionality, service protection and purchase etc… • Aimed to speed up DVB-H terminal availability from various manufacturers, to make the overall DVB-H market bigger • Sony Ericsson and Nokia collaborating for DVB-H interoperability http://www.sonyericsson.com/spg.jsp?cc=global&lc=en&ver=4001&template=pc3_1_1&zone=pc&lm=pc3_1&prid=4702

18. Conclusions • Mobile TV is finally coming • Commercial launches 2006/07…? • Commercial success… remains still in the end-users’ hands An important point: Mobile terminal is the first device to include both a Broadcast Receiver (TV & Radio Channels) and an Internet Connection (GPRS) & Browser • What business consequences can this have? A wave of new interactive services? Mobile TV shops? Purchase of media clips? Pay-per-view programs? Mobile TV as a ”must-have” terminal feature by 2009…?