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Electric Circuits

Electric Circuits. Electric charges always move from high-voltage to low-voltage. Travels from negative to positive. [http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/images/chap04_circuit.gif]. Click Here for an Interactive Example. Electric Circuits.

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Electric Circuits

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  1. Electric Circuits • Electric charges always move from high-voltage to low-voltage. • Travels from negative to positive [http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/images/chap04_circuit.gif] Click Here for an Interactive Example

  2. Electric Circuits • Voltage difference “forces” charges along a conductor and is measured in volts (V) • Also called potential difference [http://www.speedysigns.com/images/osha/large/DANGER54.gif]

  3. Water Tower analogy for Voltage [http://www.bcae1.com/images/gifs/voltage1.gif]

  4. Common Error About Voltage… phttp://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/ksm/lowres/ksmn1044l.jpg[

  5. Electric Circuits • Electric Current is the flow of charges (electrons) and is measured in amperes (A). [http://www.heirloomradio.com/images/coulomb.jpg]

  6. [http://www.smud.org/safety/world/hurt/media/current_chart.gif][http://www.smud.org/safety/world/hurt/media/current_chart.gif]

  7. Electric Circuits • Resistance is the tendency for materials to oppose the flow of electrons. • Electrical energy is commonly changed into heat, light, or motion. [http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/images/chap04_circuit.gif]

  8. Electric Circuits • Resistance is measured in ohms (Ω). Click here for a video example of resistance. phttp://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/ksm/lowres/ksmn1044l.jpg]

  9. Ohm’s Law • As the resistance in the circuit increases, the current (number of charges) decreases. • V = I R Click Here for an Interactive Example

  10. Ohm’s Law • Example: • A circuit has a resistance of 0.5 Ω and has a current of 3.0 A. What size battery in volts is needed? • V = (3.0 A) x (0.5 Ω) • V = 1.5 V

  11. Ohm’s Law • Example: • A 9-volt battery is used in a circuit with a resistance of 1.5 Ω. What current is needed? • (9 V) = I (1.5 Ω) I = 6.0 A (1.5 Ω) (1.5 Ω)

  12. Circuit Diagrams • A 2-dimensional representation of an electrical circuit. [http://www.ise5-14.org.uk/Prim3/New_Guidelines/Newsletters/9/IMGS/bulb.gif]

  13. Some diagram symbols include… Open Switch or Light Bulb Voltmeter Ammeter

  14. Series Circuits • The current only has one possible circuit to pass through. [http://iss.cet.edu/electricity/pages/images/B/b13_2.jpg]

  15. [http://www.danieltrimpey.com/learn/electronics/images/series.GIF][http://www.danieltrimpey.com/learn/electronics/images/series.GIF] 3 2 1

  16. Parallel Circuits • There are two or more branches on each circuit for current to move through. [http://iss.cet.edu/electricity/pages/images/B/b13_3.jpg]

  17. [http://www.danieltrimpey.com/learn/electronics/images/series.GIF][http://www.danieltrimpey.com/learn/electronics/images/series.GIF] 1 2 3

  18. Circuit Protection Devices • If too much current flows through a circuit, a safety device shuts off the current in order to prevent it from overheating.

  19. Circuit Protection Devices • Fuses • A small piece of metal that will melt if too much current passes through it. [http://hollyfuse.en.alibaba.com/product/50020315/50104654/5_phi__Fuses/50T_Fuses/showimg.html]

  20. May only be used once, then must be replaced.

  21. Circuit Protection Devices • Circuit Breaker • A piece of metal bends if too much current passes through, and it turns off the switch to the circuit. • Just need to reset the switch to use again [http://www3.sympatico.ca/mmatkiwsky/reng/images/Trailer/breakers.JPG]

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