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Environmental Impacts and Human Values

Environmental Impacts and Human Values. Human Values. Values are used by humans to make choices Making choices in congruence to one’s values provides meaning, comfort, and a sense of well being Making choices outside of one’s values results in feelings of guilt.

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Environmental Impacts and Human Values

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  1. Environmental Impacts and Human Values

  2. Human Values • Values are used by humans to make choices • Making choices in congruence to one’s values provides meaning, comfort, and a sense of well being • Making choices outside of one’s values results in feelings of guilt

  3. Individual Values (after Maslow) • Hierarchy that are related to: • Physiological needs (food, warmth, etc.) • Safety • Human relations related to belonging and love • Self-esteem • Self-actualization

  4. Religious Values • Designate meaning • Provide morality • Defines relative importance of relationships • God-human • Human-human • Human-environment • Provide social control and expectations

  5. Social and Community Values • Provide for health and safety • Protect freedoms • Define responsibilities • Allows for political involvement • Provide social safety net for young and old, disadvantaged, and disenfranchised

  6. Factors that Control Worldviews Strong external control 4 1 Individual choice Group decisions 3 2 No external control

  7. Four Boxes • 1- Hierarchists: value control, organizations, standardization, top-down • 2- Egalitarians: value consensus, democracy, equality, community choice • 3- Individualists: value individual freedom, personal choice • 4- Fatalists: value freedom, strength to resist, individual power

  8. Relation of Worldview to Environmental Impacts O O 4 1 3 2 O O

  9. Theory of Society Stages • Four stages: • Survival • Pre-modern • Modern • Post-modern

  10. Focus on: hard work practical knowledge money possessions avoid mistakes World view: tend to be fatalists women need children children need two parents good & evil are clear respect close authority reject distant authority reject outgroups Survival

  11. Focus on: work skills/ trades stability family values religious values national values Worldview tend to hierarchical family is the most important social group large families patriarchal leadership obedience to patriarchal control church and state protect the family Pre-modern (hierarchical)

  12. Focus on: Achievement Professional education Investments Political involvement Corporate or bureaucratic values Worldview Tend to be hierarchical Achievement comes from large organizations Politics are important Family is a secondary concern as to stability Divorce and abortion tolerated Modern

  13. Focus on: Individual freedom Individual education Financial achievement Good health Travel Consumption Self-actualization Worldview Individual needs and wants are important Persons should be free to fulfill needs and wants High tolerance for other persons’ choices Tolerance for divorce, abortion, homosexuality, lack of religion Post-modern (individual)

  14. Focus on: Community freedom Arts Human relationships Economic well being and health for all Equality Actualization of society Worldview Society should see to fulfill individual needs and wants Wealth needs to be equally distributed Tolerance for other persons’ choices within limits Tolerance for divorce, abortion, homosexuality, lack of religion Post-modern (egalitarian)

  15. Developmental Progression Survival (fatalist) Pre-modern (hierarchist) Modern (hierarchist) Post-modern individualist egalitarian

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