Poetic Devices

1. Poetic Devices

2. Imagery • The “word pictures” that writers use to evoke an emotional response in the reader. Writers use descriptions that appeal to one or more of the senses: sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell.

3. Simile • A comparison of two unlike things using like, as, or than

4. Metaphor • A comparison of two unlike things without using like or as

5. Extended Metaphor • A comparison that extends throughout an entire stanza or an entire poem

6. Rhyme • The occurrence of the same or similar sounds in two or more words Rhyme Scheme • The pattern of an ending rhyme in a stanza or poem, generally described by using letters of the alphabet to show repetition or each new rhyme.

7. Rhyme Scheme Two roads diverged in a wood A And sorry I could not travel both B And be one traveler, long I stood A And looked down one as far as I could A To where it bent in the undergrowth; B

8. Refrain • A phrase or verse continually repeated before or after the stanzas of a poem.

9. Repetition • The repeating of words, lines, phrases, or stanzas.

10. Onomatopeia • The use of words which imitate sound. • buzz, slam, crash

11. Personification • A type of figurative language that gives animals or objects human traits and characteristics.

12. Alliteration • The repetition of sounds, usually consonant sounds, at the beginning of words in a line of poetry. “…we’re up, wide-eyed and wandering while we wait for others to waken.” Make up your own- • A purse full of_____________ • A ____________ teacher • Money for _______________

13. Assonance • The repetition of similar vowel sounds within non-rhyming words, especially in a line of poetry. “And the stars never rise but I see the bright eyes”

14. Consonance • The repetition of consonant sounds before or after different vowel sounds. • These are examples of consonance: * Milk and drink * Boat and night • These are not examples of consonance: * Shrink and Think * Bite and Write

15. Rhythm • The pattern of sound created by the arrangement of stressed and unstresed syllables. • Rhythm can be regular or irregular.

16. Rhythm Rain in My Heart- Edgar Lee Masters There is a quiet in my heart Like one who rests from days of pain. Outside, the sparrows on the roof Are chirping in the dripping rain. Rain in my heart; rain on the roof And memory sleeps beneath the gray And windless sky and brings no dreams Of any well remembered day.

17. Meter • A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables that give a line of poetry a predictable rhythm. • The basic unit of meter is the foot. • Lines do not have to rhyme for there to be meter.

18. Rhythm Pain-has an Element of Blank- by Emily Dickenson Pain-has an Element of Blank- It cannot recollect When it begun-or if there were A time when it was not-

19. Iambic Pentameter • Iambic means the stress is on the second syllable, i.e. good-bye.  Pentameter shows us that a line has five "feet" or clusters of two syllables adding up to ten syllables in a line.  These "feet" are marked like this: hello | hello | hello | hello | hello.

20. Free Verse • No fixed pattern of meter, rhyme, line length, or stanza arrangement. A poet may use repetition, imagery, rhyme, personification, etc. to create an interesting poem.

21. Free Verse My Poetry by Maria Herrera-Sobek My poetry follows me between tin cans between chilis and tomatoes apples and peaches brooms and garbage that on another day were only my song.

22. Quatrain • A four-line stanza of any kind- rhymed, metered, or otherwise. The sense of danger must not disappear: The way is certainly both short and steep, However gradual it looks from here; Look if you like, but you will have to leap.

23. Couplet • A pair of lines in a verse.

24. Shakespearian Sonnet • A 14 line poem. • Each line is in iambic pentameter. • 3 quatrains and 1 couplet. • Must have rhyme scheme abab, cdcd, efef, gg