Cold War America: Key Questions

1. Chapter 25:Cold War America, 1945–1963 i>Clicker Questions

2. 1. From the American point of view, what was the precipitating event of the Cold War? a. Joseph Stalin's nonaggression pact with Adolf Hitler b. The detonation of an atomic bomb over Hiroshima c. The delayed opening of the second front in Western Europe d. Joseph Stalin's failure to honor self-determination in Eastern Europe

3. 2. What was the goal of the United States in funding the Marshall Plan in 1948? a. To fund the development of atomic weapons in Western Europe b. To stimulate Western European economies to prevent victories by Communist parties c. To lure Eastern European countries away from Soviet influence d. To prevent massive numbers of Europeans from trying to emigrate to the United States

4. 3. What did the United States promise to do in forming the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949? a. Provide aid to rebuild Western Europe b. Help Greece and Turkey resist Communist expansion c. Adopt the containment policy d. Defend Western Europe against Soviet aggression

5. 4. Why did President Harry Truman relieve General Douglas MacArthur from his command in Korea in 1951? a. MacArthur had failed to push North Korean troops across the 38th parallel. b. MacArthur was too reluctant to engage North Korean forces. c. MacArthur refused to work with a desegregated army. d. MacArthur challenged Truman's decision to pursue a negotiated peace.

6. 5. Why did unionized workers mount major strikes in the automobile, steel, and coal industries after the end of World War II? a. These industries had been government-run during the war. b. Workers in these industries had not been allowed to join unions. c. These industries proved the most receptive to labor pressure. d. Workers in these industries were determined to make up for wartime sacrifices.

7. 6. What statement describes Senator Joseph McCarthy and his investigations into Communist subversion within the United States? a. He uncovered large numbers of subversives in the federal government. b. He eventually undermined himself by attacking the army. c. He blamed diplomatic problems on administrative factors rather than disloyalty. d. He enlisted President Harry Truman's cooperation in the search.

8. 7. What was the distinguishing characteristic of President Eisenhower's "New Look" in defense policy in the 1950s? a. A conventional army three times the size of the Soviet army b. Increased hydrogen bomb production and creation of long-range bombing strength c. The dismantling of Truman's containment policies d. A commitment to fight all nations unfriendly to Western capitalism

9. 8. How did the Eisenhower Doctrine build on the U.S. policy of containment in 1957? a. It stated that the United States would support Israel in its takeover of the Suez Canal. b. The doctrine offered American aid to any Middle Eastern nation that requested help against armed Communist aggression. c. It bound the United States into a mutual aid agreement with Britain and France against Communist nations. d. It declared the United States had exclusive oil rights in the Middle East.

10. 9. Which 1962 event prompted a slight thaw in U.S.-Soviet relations? a. The Cuban missile crisis b. The construction of the Berlin Wall c. Kennedy's inauguration of the Peace Corps d. A successful democratic revolution in Hungary

11. 10. What policy did President John F. Kennedy following in Vietnam? a. Providing military aid to South Vietnam b. Working for a negotiated settlement to the war between North and South Vietnam c. Launching a massive American buildup of troops in South Vietnam d. Staging an invasion of exiles to overthrow the government of North Vietnam

12. Answer Key 1. The answer is d. 2. The answer is b. 3. The answer is d. 4. The answer is d. 5. The answer is d. 6. The answer is b. 7. The answer is b. 8. The answer is b. 9. The answer is a. 10. The answer is a.