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Reconfigurable Architectures

Reconfigurable Architectures. Granularity of Reconfigurable Systems. Granularity: The abstraction level used to configure the device. May use a Boolean-level, instruction-level, function-level, process-level representation. Granularity of Reconfigurable Systems. Granularity:

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Reconfigurable Architectures

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  1. Reconfigurable Architectures

  2. Granularity of Reconfigurable Systems • Granularity: • The abstraction level used to configure the device. • May use a • Boolean-level, • instruction-level, • function-level, • process-level representation.

  3. Granularity of Reconfigurable Systems • Granularity: • Proportional to the length of a configuration: • Fine/low-grain: long configuration • Course grain (high-level granularity): short configuration • Fine-grain (Boolean-level) architecture: • FPGA: • Primary computational elements: limited-input LUTs • Suitable for simple to complex Boolean functions. • Inefficient for complex functions like multipliers • Instruction-level: • Has computational units that perform instruction-level operations • Units vary from byte-width to word-width (32-bit) datapath operations. • Units rarely have states: • Read from registers and written to registers • Efficient for performing instructions but inefficient at performing Boolean operations.

  4. Granularity • Freedom of device: • Instruction-level granularity only allows a limited number of register locations and small number of operations (on those locations) • Lower granularity level allows more locations and different complex customized FUs. • Can implement complex functions by a number of LUTs. • Efficiency: • The more closely the application operation is matched to the granularity, the more efficient the device will execute. • Example: • DSP application needs a lot of word-size add and mult. •  instruction-level granularity. • Application with a lot of Boolean operations: •  Boolean-level granularity.

  5. Granularity • Functional-level: • Units are complex multi-cycle operations • Extensible processors with customized instructions. • Process-level: • Extremely complex processes which often take 100-1000 cycles to complete. • Example: • A cryptography device which decides on the algorithm based on the input key.

  6. Hybrid Devices • Recent commercial FPGA devices with multiple levels of granularity: • LUTs, • Dedicated adders/multipliers, • DSP units.

  7. Granularity • Course-grained reconfigurable devices (rDPA) • Fine-grained reconfigurable devices (FPGA) [Hartenstein07]

  8. Area Efficiency

  9. References [Hartenstein07] Hartenstein, “Basics of Reconfigurable Computing,” S. P. J. Henkel, Ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2007. [Kastner04] Kastner, Kaplan, Sarrafzadeh, “Synthesis techniques and optimizations for reconfigurable systems,” Kluwer, 2004.

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