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The History of Chinese, African, South American and European Art

By: Laura Cavens and Tricia Prewitt. The History of Chinese, African, South American and European Art. Chinese Art. Alters Ritual Vessels Jade Dragons Imperial Seals Clothing Religious. “There is no such thing as art for art’s sake.” Mao. Alters.

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The History of Chinese, African, South American and European Art

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  1. By: Laura Cavens and Tricia Prewitt The History of Chinese, African, South American and European Art

  2. Chinese Art • Alters • Ritual Vessels • Jade • Dragons • Imperial Seals • Clothing • Religious “There is no such thing as art for art’s sake.” • Mao

  3. Alters • Used for sacrifices during the Zhou dynasty • Came with equipment • Alter of Soil and Grain • Deity: Lord Millet • 4 colors: Red=south, White=west, Black=north, Yellow=east

  4. Zhou Dynasty Altar Table

  5. Ritual Vessels • Yi is placed in the pan • Yi holds the ritual water

  6. Jade Bi • Han dynasty • Enhance position of emperor-Son of Heaven • Heaven, Earth, and 4 cardinal directions • Heaven is a circle • Blue represents Heaven • Yellow represents Earth • Green represents East • Red represents South • White represents West • Black represents North

  7. Jade Bi continued • The “5 agents” control the natural order • Seasons, natural materials, times, directions, and color • Dragons used on disks, means it belonged to the emperor • Jade was suppose to have potent magic, and aesthetic satisfaction • Jade belts also showed rank

  8. Han Dynasty Jade bi • An emperor owned it • dragons

  9. Jade Burial Suits • Han dynasty • Protect mortal remains from decay and helps achieve the after life • Emperors’ suits were sewn with gold thread • Princes’ suits were sewn with silver thread

  10. Jade Burial Suit

  11. Clothing • The quality of a courtier’s attire showed the social rank and status of the weaver • Emperor’s clothes • The last link between Heaven and Earth • Yellow is the imperial color • Manchu style • Established the roles and virtues of the Son of Heaven

  12. The emperor’s Dragon Robe

  13. Clothing continued • Military and Civil Service Ranks • The Ming dynasty started it • The symbols for the Civil Service are birds • The symbols for the Military ranks are animals • The 7th/8th rank of both is a rhino

  14. Qing Civil Service and Military Rank

  15. Religion • Buddhism • The Tang emperors supported • The height of the statues show how preoccupied the emperors were with Buddhism • The temples how the most art

  16. Ceramics/Lacquer ware • Ceramics matured over dynasties • Lacquer ware was the most precious of goods to own

  17. Protect the First Emperor in the afterlife.

  18. Phoenix means good luck

  19. Tang Yin • Scholar class • Verses on painting • Painted on paper or silk

  20. South American Art

  21. Olmec Art • Basalt symbolizes the Earth’s fiery power • Used to make thrones and colossal heads • Jade symbolizes water • Jaguars, eagles, serpents are gods • Craved into green stone • Olmec rulers shown with gods • Religious

  22. Nazca Art • Giant desert picture • Miles wide • Pottery, textiles most important type of art • Many art forms of the Cat god

  23. Maya Art • Their pyramids have 9 levels symbolizing the 9 levels of the underworld

  24. Toltec Art • Shows aggressive nature of animals • Shows empire’s military demeanor

  25. Aztec Art • Started to do art in 3-D • Royal portraits were rare before the European conquest • Few portraits with hieroglyphs placed near the rulers head to ID

  26. Inca Art • Gold and silver are sacred • The ruler wears a symbolic color so he is connected with the gods • Rulers are divine, born of the Sun god • Inca nobles wore pectorals

  27. The New World • Moorish art traditions • Reconquest architecture style • European book illustration • Italian Renaissance • 1st oil paintings appear

  28. Cult of Guadalupe • Mexican cult • Virgin of Guadalupe • Christianity and Aztec religious beliefs mixing • The Virgin Mary showed up a Tepeyac, which is sacred to the Aztec Earth-mother goddess Tonantzin • Shown on Diego’s Indian fiber coat • Church built at Tepeyac

  29. From the church at Tepeyac

  30. Mannerist Art • Copied designs • Politicians use European artists • Baltasar de Echave Orio • Mexican artist

  31. Baroque Art • Sebastian Lopez de Arteaga • 1610-1653 • Church officials want baroque art • Cristobal de Villalpando • Mexico City’s Cathedral • Puebla Cathedral

  32. Rococo Art • French • Ouro Preto • Church

  33. Romantic Art • Jose Maria Estrada • Art’s revolt against ridged art “rules” • Representing picturesque

  34. Modernismo • Adopted Cubism, Impressionism, Symbolism, Naturalism, Art Nouveau • Saturnino Herran (1887-1918) • Politically against the Academic Realism • Dr. Atl: held an art show against the government's art show • Diego Rivera • 1886-1957 • Cubist

  35. Dr. Atl’s painting

  36. Mural Paintings • The government sponsor • National Preparatory School for Boys in Mexico City • Diego Rivera • Jose Clemente Orozco (1883-1949) • David Alfaro Siqueiros • communist

  37. Diego Rivera

  38. African art

  39. Shamanism • The belief that humans can turn into animals. • Only important people like priests, or shamans

  40. Prestige objects • Used only by the king and his family. • Show that the king was powerful and wealthy and could control artists.

  41. Queen mother • Most important women in Benin. • The mother had a cast head that was made in brass.

  42. Ivory salt cellars • Ivory was traded. • One of the things made by the Africans was the salt cellars. • it was made from sherbo ivory. • It came from the west African coast and it was made by the sherbo people.

  43. Fetish figures • Objects thought to have magical powers. • Called onto by owners to protect or help hunt enemies. • The people of Kongo state had the idea of adding nails to the Fetish figures after seeing the Christians add nails to Christ.

  44. Divination • The way certain people tell the future by using “magical powers”. • They use a special tool in order to communicate with gods.

  45. Kuba • Giving the king a crested eagle is a good thing because it signifies power.

  46. Afro-Brazilian architecture • The Afro-Brazilian architecture was derived from the Portuguese - Brazilian style. • Slaves brought the style with them when they returned to Nigeria in the late 19th century. • The houses are very decorated.

  47. Body Art • In Africa some societies art is put on bodies. • The marks are to show how high of ranking a women is.

  48. Carnivals • Art was used in costumes to celebrate an event that was happening.

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