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Cell Differentiation

Cell Differentiation. By Emma Sanderson. Stem Cell Basics. Give rise to differentiated cells Have 3 properties: are able to divide and renew for extended amounts of time are unspecialized give rise to specialized (differentiated) cells. 3 Kinds of Stem Cells.

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Cell Differentiation

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  1. Cell Differentiation By Emma Sanderson

  2. Stem Cell Basics • Give rise to differentiated cells • Have 3 properties: • are able to divide and renew for extended amounts of time • are unspecialized • give rise to specialized (differentiated) cells

  3. 3 Kinds of Stem Cells Totipotent: can form all types of cells, including placental cells. Only embryonic cells are totipotent. Pluripotent: can become cell types of the body. Pluripotent cells are embryonic stem cells. Multipotent: are adult stem cells and umbilical cord blood cells. These cells can become more than one cell type.

  4. Can A Stem Cell Switch? • A stem cell “switch” is called transdifferentiation • In this case, bone marrow cells “switched” to cheek cells. • Fusion (when a stem cell binds itself to a differentiated cell) did not occur.

  5. When? 5 women received bone marrow transplants from their brothers. When a team of scientists at NIH were pursuing the possibility of transdifferentiation, they took cheek swabs from these women and found cells containing the male Y chromosome. Also, they found that the sample cells they took showed no signs of fusion.These marrow-to-cheek cells also contained the structural protein cytokeratin, which is found in mucosal cells. This proved that transdifferentiation does occur outside of a lab-manipulated setting.

  6. The Numbers Percentage of “switched” cells: 0.8%-12.7% 2/9,700 cells collected could have possibly fused

  7. arizonapain.com

  8. Cheek cells waynesword.palomar.edu

  9. Works Cited Scientists Report New Data in Adult Stem Cells Debate., 2003. SIRS Government Reporter. Web. 29 Sep. 2013 <http://sks.sirs.com> "Stem Cell Basics." National Institutes of Health. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2013. <http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/basics/pages/basics1.aspx>. "What is the difference between totipotent, pluripotent and multipotent?" NYSTEM. N.p., n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2013. <http://stemcell.ny.gov/faqs/ what-difference-between-totipotent-pluripotent-and-multipotent>.

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