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LSP 121

LSP 121. final exam review. 1) The Pacific tectonic plate moves at a rate of 4”/year. What is this in miles per hour?. 4 in x yr x da x ft x mi yr 365 da 24 hr 12 in 5280 ft 4 miles 365 x 24 x 12 x 5280 hr

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LSP 121

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  1. LSP 121 final exam review

  2. 1) The Pacific tectonic plate moves at a rate of 4”/year. What is this in miles per hour? • 4 in x yr x da x ft x mi yr 365 da 24 hr 12 in 5280 ft • 4 miles 365 x 24 x 12 x 5280 hr • = 7.2 x 10-9 mi/hr

  3. 2) Convert 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 2 from binary to decimal [SHOW WORK] Write powers of 2, right to left, then sum the numbers above the 1’s 128 + 32 + 16 + 4 = 180 (ans)

  4. 3) Convert 3 8 F 216 from hex to decimal [SHOW WORK] Put powers of 16 (right to left) above the cells.160 = 1, 161 = 16, 163 = 256, 164 = 4096 Multiply lower number times upper number. Remember A = 10, B = 11, C = 12, … F = 15 Add these four products.

  5. Converting base 16 to decimal DEC HEX DEC HEX DEC HEX DEC HEX

  6. 4) What is the probability of NOT rolling a double-6 with two dice? • There is 1/36 chance of rolling two sixes • P(not A) = 1 – P(A) • 1 – 1/36 = 35/36 or .972

  7. 5) Suppose event A has a 0.98 probability of occurring and event B has a 0.94 probability of occurring. Compute the ODDS for event A and the ODDS for event B • odds are calculated by usingP(A) / P(not A) • Odds for event A =0.98 / 0.02 = 49/1 or 49 to 1 • Odds for event B =0.94 / 0.06 = 15.67/1 or 15.7 to 1

  8. 6) What is the probability of the next 5 births at a hospital all being girls? • Probability of multiple events is calculated by the product of the probabilities • ½ * ½ * ½ * ½ * ½ = 1/32 or .031 • You can also show: (1/2)5 = 1/32

  9. 7) If Peoria, IL is hit by a tornado about every 30 years, what is the probability that Peoria will be hit by a tornado this year? • simply 1/30 • What is the probability that Peoria will be hit by tornados in three consecutive years? • 1/30 * 1/30 * 1/30 = 1/27,000 • at least once in the next 30 years? • 1 – (not A)30 = 1 – (29/30)30 = • ANS = .64 [ .6383 ]

  10. 8) see problem • For CA227,381 deaths / 30,000,000 ppl = 0.00758multiply this by 1000 = 7.58 deaths / 1000 • For AK2,911 deaths / 550,000 ppl = 0.005293multiply this by 1000 = 5.29 deaths / 1000 • Don’t forget to answer the questions included with this problem

  11. 9a) How many different license plates are possible if you have plates with 3 letters followed by 3 numerals? Use 6 boxes and enter the possible number of values for each part of the license plate: Multiply these numbers and you get: 17,576,000 possible plates

  12. 9b) How many different 10-note “tunes” can be created from the notes A, B, C, D, E, F and G? • Use 10 boxes and the possible notes per box: Multiply or calculate 710 and you get 282,475,249 possible “tunes”

  13. problem 10 • Lottery ticket costs $2, so you start with-2 * 1, then add the possible ‘wins’ • 2*1/50 + 1,000*1/2,000 + 2,000*1/4,000 + 20,000*1/40,000 … • -$2 + .04 + .50 + .50 + .50 • expected value = - 0.96 • you lose

  14. Problems 11, 12 • If you get a problem like 10 or 11 on the exam you will be given the Excel formula required to do the calculations • remember, in Excel =log(x,b) means the log of ‘x’, base ‘b’

  15. 11) use Excel to work this out, see below • Note signal = .4 and noise = .0002 • in Excel set up 2 columns • 1000 to 10,000 increments of 500, and • = cell * log ((1 + .4/.0002),2), looks like • with 1000 in cell A1, 1500 in cell A2 indicates base 2

  16. 12) use Excel to work this out, similar to 11), see below • Note W =frequency and M = 8 • in Excel set up 2 columns • 1000 to 10,000 increments of 500, and • = 2 * cell * log (8,2), looks like • with 1000 in cell A1, 1500 in cell A2

  17. 13. Programming question • keep track of the value of i and j and work through the nested loops • total number of outputs: 40 • start with this

  18. another method.. • You can enter the following as ‘code’ in VBA for Excel FOR i = 1 TO 4FOR j = 1 TO 3 MsgBox i & “ “ & jNext jNext i • Then ‘Run’ the macro in Excel • Notice there will be 4 x 3 outputs (12)

  19. Standard HTML • <html> • <head><title> … </title></head> • <body> • .. contents of body • </body> • </html> • DO NOT REPEAT html, head, or body

  20. Insert javascript in webpage • The following is a ‘trigger’ in HTML code that signals some javascript (what is in italics is explanatory and not actual code • <script type = “text/javascript”> • … java script code follows • </script> is used to end the javascript part

  21. Macros and VBA • relates to question 14, 15 • macro is best used when • you have to repeat a complex operation • a single operation involves many steps • for simulations • given: CELLS(2,3) = CELLS(2,3)+4 • this will add 4 to contents of cell row 2, column 3; that sum is put in cell(2,3)

  22. What is an algorithm, #16 • An orderly sequence of steps that can be followed to produce a desired result • Algorithms are used in • manufacturing • testing • computer programming languages • making decisions

  23. Q 17, risk analysis • First note what is GIVEN • expected probability of cancer 1/6000 = 0.017% • reliability of test = 75% • number of people with tumors = 10,000 • To find: • percentage that will receive a true positive • percentage that will receive a false negative

  24. Use the 5 steps to complete the matrix • Beginning of matrix: Find the 4 missing values (the true positives and true negatives have been filled in).

  25. Now find • Percentage of true positives • 1.25 divided by total positives (express this as a percentage) • Percentage of false negatives • false negatives are negative test results which in fact are cancerous (not calculated yet) • divide this by the total number of negatives (far right column in negative row)

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