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One of the coldest winter in December Earliest final warming since 1994

Early fast ozone loss in the Arctic in winter 2012/ 2013. F. Goutail et al. Minimum Temp. at 475K. One of the coldest winter in December Earliest final warming since 1994. Ozone loss (Transport method). NO2 difference ( ss-sr ).

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One of the coldest winter in December Earliest final warming since 1994

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  1. Early fast ozone loss in the Arctic in winter 2012/2013 F. Goutail et al. Minimum Temp. at 475K • One of the coldest winter in December • Earliest final warming since 1994

  2. Ozone loss (Transport method) NO2 difference (ss-sr) • Fast early ozone depletion from Dec. 20 to Jan 10. in cold denitrified sunlit chlorine activated vortex. • Fast chlorine deactivation after Jan 10. (D NO2 increase)

  3. Objectives and Method • Quantification of chemical total ozone loss inside Vortex by comparison • between modeled passive ozone and measurements • MODELS 3D CTM • initialized on December 1, 2012 from ECMWF ozone fields • => REPROBUS (ECMWF, 1000 - 0.1 hPa) • => SLIMCAT (ECMWF, 1000 - 0.3 hPa) • 2 runs: a) Passive Ozone • b) Full chemistry • MEASUREMENTS • Total ozone => SAOZ/NDACC UV-Visible network • Twice daily at twilight

  4. Zhigansk (CNRS/CAO) Zhigansk (CNRS/CAO) Zhigansk (CNRS/CAO) Salekhard (CNRS/CAO) Salekhard (CNRS/CAO) Salekhard (CNRS/CAO) Thule (DMI) Thule (DMI) Thule (DMI) NyAlesund (NILU) NyAlesund (NILU) NyAlesund (NILU) Sodankyla (CNRS/FMI) Sodankyla (CNRS/FMI) Sodankyla (CNRS/FMI) ScoresbySund (CNRS/DMI) ScoresbySund (CNRS/DMI) ScoresbySund (CNRS/DMI) Harestua (BIRA) Harestua (BIRA) Harestua (BIRA) UV-Visible SAOZ • Zenith sky UV-visible spectrometer • Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy • Ozone: Chappuis bands (450-550 nm) • Consistency between stations: 3% (NDACC Intercomparisons) • PSC days removed using a color index UV-Visible SAOZ network UV-Visible SAOZ network UV-Visible SAOZ network Eureka (CNRS/UoT) Eureka (CNRS/UoT) Eureka (CNRS/UoT)

  5. METEOROLOGY • T<Tnat from Dec 5 to Jan 5 at 475K and 550K • Unusually large sunlit VPSC from Dec 15 to Dec 31 • Final warming after Jan 5 • One of the coldest winter in December • Earliest final warming since 1994

  6. Comparison to previous winters • One of the coldest winter in December • Earliest final warming since 1994

  7. SAOZ OBSERVATIONS Zhigansk (Siberia) Ozone Black: REPROBUS passive O3 Pink: SAOZ O3 columns NO2 Blue: SAOZ NO2 sunrise Pink: SAOZ NO2 sunset PV at 475 K from Mimosa contour advection model and vortex edge (Nash criteria) Zhigansk (Siberia) most representative station of early winter vortex ( 15 Dec. – Jan 25)

  8. Ozone loss and denitrification • Evolution of ozone loss above SAOZ stations inside vortex • Difference between sunset and sunrise NO2 columns inside vortex • Fast early ozone depletion from Dec 20 to Jan 10 • in cold denitrified sunlit chlorine activated vortex. • 0.5% per day between Dec 20 and Jan 1 • 1% per day between Jan 1 and Jan 10 • No more depletion after Jan 10

  9. Ozone loss and denitrification • Cumulated loss: 18 ± 2% • Fast chlorine deactivation after Jan. 10 (Delta NO2 increase) • Vortex elongation and fastmixingwith the outsideafterJan. 20

  10. MIMOSA PV FIELDS AND REPROBUS 3D CTM SIMULATION (475 K) Jan 10 Dec 22 Jan 1 Dec 12 Jan 20 Jan 30 PV PSC ClOx O3 loss • Vortex displaced toward illuminated mid-latitudes between Dec 20 and January 20 – Fast elongation and dislocation after Jan 20. • PSC period: from December 5 to January 5 • Chlorine activated from December 20 to January 10 – Fast deactivation after January 10 • Maximum ozone loss (30%) at 475K around January 20

  11. MIMOSA PV FIELDS AND REPROBUS 3D CTM SIMULATION (475 K) Jan 10 Jan 20 Jan 30 Dec 22 Jan 1 Dec 12 PV PSC • Vortex displaced toward illuminated mid-latitudes between Dec 20 and January 20 – Fast elongation and dislocation after Jan 20. • PSC period: from December 5 to January 5

  12. MIMOSA PV FIELDS AND REPROBUS 3D CTM SIMULATION (475 K) Jan 10 Jan 20 Jan 30 Dec 22 Jan 1 Dec 12 ClOx O3 loss • Chlorineactivated from December 20 to January 10 – Fast deactivation after January 10 • Maximum ozone loss (30%) at 475K around January 20

  13. MODEL LOSS SIMULATIONS ABOVE STATIONS 18 ± 2 % SAOZ: 18% REPROBUS: Same timing as SAOZ but daily rate underestimated. 11 % or ~ 48 DU SLIMCAT: Almost no depletion no loss in December-January

  14. COMPARISON TO PREVIOUS WINTERS Evolution of Minimum Temp. (left), Ozone reduction (middle) and Delta NO2 (right) since 1994

  15. COMPARISON TO PREVIOUS WINTERS 2013 ozone loss: although shortest depletion period close to mean winter loss since 1994

  16. COMPARISON TO PREVIOUS WINTERS 2013 2013 ozone loss consistent with sunlit PSC volume relationship

  17. CONCLUSION WINTER 2012/2013 • Earliest and fastest ozone depletionsince 2002/2003 • Earliestrenitrification(DNO2) since1994 • Lossamplitude limited by early final warming

  18. Acknowledgements • The authors thank the SAOZ stations operators and ECMWF for the meteorological analysis. • This work was supported by the French CNES and CNRS/INSU within the NDACC/OVSQ program. • The SAOZ network is part of NDACC (Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Changes). • The authors thank gratefully C. Boone at the Centre for AtmosphericChemistryProducts and Services ”ETHER” for providing MIMOSA and REPROBUS maps and model data above SAOZ stations. • MIMOSA: http://www.pole-ether.fr • REPROBUS: http://www.pole-ether.fr • SAOZ:http://www.pole-ether.fr

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