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Irish IPv6 Task Force

Irish IPv6 Task Force. IPv6 and Quality of Service. Irish IPv6 Task Force IPv6 Training Slide-sets. The Bigger Picture: Why is IPv6 so Important? Introduction to IPv6 Fundamentals (technical) IPv6 Deployment & Strategy (technical) The Business Case for IPv6 Mobile IPv6 (technical)

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Irish IPv6 Task Force

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  1. Irish IPv6 Task Force IPv6 and Quality of Service Irish IPv6 Task Force - http://www.ipv6.ie/

  2. Irish IPv6 Task ForceIPv6 Training Slide-sets • The Bigger Picture: Why is IPv6 so Important? • Introduction to IPv6 Fundamentals (technical) • IPv6 Deployment & Strategy (technical) • The Business Case for IPv6 • Mobile IPv6 (technical) • IPv6 Quality of Service (technical)<- This slide set is sixth in a series • IPv6 Security (technical)

  3. Presentation Structure • Introduction • What is QoS? • How is it used? • How is it implemented? • What is its current state in the Internet? • How does IPv6 fit into the QoS picture.

  4. IPv6 and QoS – Introduction

  5. Introduction • Quality of Service (QoS). • Sometimes said “Kwos”. • Many things to many people. • Basically: making network good enough for apps.

  6. What is QoS ?

  7. QoS: What is the aim? • Network needs to be good enough. • How do we measure good? • Enough bandwidth? • Enough buffering? • Short enough delay? • Consistent enough delay? • Enough packets arrive intact? • Often summarised as delay, loss, jitter, bw, …

  8. How is it used ?

  9. QoS: Typical Uses • Video/Voice traffic more sensitive than bulk data. • Safety critical traffic may be protected. • ISPs may prioritise premium customers. • Netadmins may protect control traffic (BGP, ssh, …) • Gamers don’t want to get fragged! • Preventing virtual links from interacting. • Interactive applications usually have some QoS needs. • Dialup and the World Wide Wait.

  10. How is it implemented ?

  11. QoS: How to achieve? • If network is big and empty, QoS is easy. • Known as overprovisioning. • Otherwise identify traffic’s needs. • Treat traffic differently based on needs. • (Im)Possible to meet some/all needs?

  12. QoS Architecture • We need to - • identify the traffic. • check that it is in spec. • decide how to queue it. • decide how to serve the queues. • manage, account and configure all this.

  13. IntServ • One of two standardised frameworks for IP QoS. • Hosts ask routers to treat particular flow specially. • They use the Reservation Protocol (RSVP). • It describes how to match packets and required QoS. • Each router has to track each flow. • Signalling and tracking makes scaling harder.

  14. DiffServ • Offer applications a short menu of QoS types. • Type required is written into small field in packet. • Menu items are called Per-Hop-Behaviours (PHB). • The field is called the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) value. • Routers look at packets and decide how to queue. • Limited menu may not suit all apps. • No active negotiation, so need to police settings. • All traffic with same DSCP is treated in same way.

  15. Manual/ad hoc • Manual configuration always an option. • May partially fit into some bigger scheme. • Examples: • 802.11 gives some control packets high priority. • A 3G operator might make Skype packets low priority. • A router might move BGP packets to head of queue.

  16. What is its current state in the Internet ?

  17. QoS Today • Not widely deployed in public Internet. • Inter-network issues too great relative to demand? • Inter ISP policing, monitoring, charging, … • DiffServ and manual more widely deployed in ISPs and enterprise networks. • Most common solution is lots of bandwidth. • Becoming more common in home appliances with VoIP and video streaming. • Wireless an interesting case - overprovisioning much harder.

  18. How does IPv6 fit into the QoS picture ?

  19. IP(v6) and QoS • Any packet matching system must be able to deal with IPv4/IPv6 packets. • Often involves fields in TCP/IP headers, such as addresses, protocols and ports. • Need to extend to be able to deal with IPv6 addresses. • The DSCP value lives in the Type of Service (ToS) field in IPv4. • The DSCP value lives in the Traffic Class (TC) field in IPv6.

  20. IPv6 Flow Label • IPv6 has new flow label header. • 20 bits to identify flows. • Determined by end hosts. • Intended to facilitate QoS. • Could be used by IntServ to pick out flows. • Might help identify encrypted flows for QoS. • No final answer yet, but additional flexibility.

  21. IPv6 Side Effects • Less NAT means flows easier to identify • Better mobility -> better network path -> better QoS. • IPv6 extension headers may be applied to QoS in future. • IPv6 transition mechanisms can lead to poor performance if carelessly deployed! • E.g. Many tunnels in 6bone lead to scenic routing. • 6bone now retired and production routing is being refined. • QoS and IPv6 support are often considered advanced features, vendors sometimes unclear about their interactions.

  22. Summary • QoS allows traffic with special requirements to be treated specially. • DiffServ and manually configured QoS have some deployment. • As long as IPv6 packets can be classified, QoS in the IPv4 and IPv6 looks similar. • The IPv6 Flow Label is intended to facilitate QoS flow identification.

  23. Acknowledgements This presentation includes some material from these other sources: • Name of person/people ??? (organisation??)

  24. Contact Mícheál Ó Foghlú Research Director Telecommunications Software & Systems Group Waterford Institute of Technology Cork Road Waterford Ireland +353 51 302963 (w) mofoghlu@tssg.org http://www.tssg.org http://www.ofoghlu.net/log (Personal Blog)

  25. Further Information Web Sites: • National Irish IPv6 Centre http://www.ipv6-ireland.org • Irish IPv6 Task Force http://www.ipv6.ie • IPv6 ePrints Server (Public Documents) http://www.6journal.org/ • IPv6 Dissemination (Public Training) http://www.6diss.org/tutorials/ Individual Documents/Presentations: • http://arstechnica.com/articles/paedia/IPv6.ars/1 (Iljitsch van Beijnum, 7th March 2007) • http://bgp.potaroo.net/ipv4/ (Geoff Huston APNIC, 2006) • http://www.6journal.org/archive/00000261/02/WWC_IPv6_Forum_Roadmap__Vision_2010_v6.pdf (IPv6 Forum Roadmap & Vision, 2006) • http://colab.cim3.net/file/work/Expedition_Workshop/2005-12-06_Advancing_Information_Sharing_And_Data_Architecture/IPV6/NIST%20ipv6-doc-eai-v4%2012062005.ppt (Doug Montgomery NIST, 2005)

  26. Thank you!This presentation has been shared under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 UK: England & Wales Licence(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/uk)by the Irish IPv6 Task Force(http://www.ipv6.ie)Please acknowledge this source if you use it for free or for profit Irish IPv6 Task Force - http://www.ipv6.ie/

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