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Test Review Packet #5. Organisms. Plant and Animal Cell Parts. Nucleus - Controls cell activities, store genetic material Cytoplasm - Thick fluid where life processes occur Cell membrane - The “skin” of the cell which regulates what goes in and out of the cell
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Test Review Packet #5 Organisms
Plant and Animal Cell Parts • Nucleus - Controls cell activities, store genetic material • Cytoplasm - Thick fluid where life processes occur • Cell membrane - The “skin” of the cell which regulates what goes in and out of the cell • Mitochondria - Where food is burned “respiration”. The power house • Ribosome - Synthesis, where proteins are made • Lysosomes - Digestion, digestive enzymes are stored there • Vacuole - Where digestion occurs and excess fluid is stored • Chloroplasts - Photosynthesis, glucose is produced in green plants
Plant and Animal Cells • Plants have a cell wall. • gives shape and support to the cell • Plants have chloroplasts • Contain chlorophyll which helps them make their own food. • Animal cells have centrioles • help in cell division.
Life Processes – Nutrition • Plants – Green plants make food by photosynthesis. • Glucose and oxygen are produced. • Animals – get nutrients from eating plants and animals. • Ingestion – • Digestion – • Elimination -
Transport • Water is necessary for life and transport • Water helps move materials in an organism • Helps produce food in plants • Helps blood carry nutrients to cells and carries waste away from them.
Respiration/Excretion • Respiration is the release of energy from food. • Animals, sugar + oxygen = energy + carbon dioxide + water • Plants, energy + carbon dioxide + water = sugar + oxygen • Excretion is the elimination of waste. • Waste like carbon dioxide is carried by blood and filtered through exhaling, perspiration and urinating.
Regulation/Reproduction • Regulation is an organisms response to environment changes. • Maintaining a constant internal environment is called homeostasis. • Two types of reproduction Sexual and Asexual.
Asexual Reproduction • Involves only one parent. • Offspring are identical to the parent. • 3 types – binary fission, budding, and regeneration.
Sexual Reproduction • Two parents • Offspring has traits of both parents. • Female produces egg cell • male produces sperm cell. • When the two cells join, it is called fertilization.
Growth • Metamorphosis is the change in a creature as it grows into an adult. • The organism grows and produces offspring. • This is the life cycle.