MRS. CONTRERAS Language Arts 9 th Grade – Eng I IGCSE Honors Room C209

1. Welcome Braddock Bulldogs!!! MRS. CONTRERASLanguage Arts9th Grade – Eng I IGCSE Honors Room C209 2006-2007

2. Weekly Forecast 5/7/07 – 5/11/07 • Monday – "The Siege" (1941) Chpts 8-10 • Tuesday – "The Siege" (1941) Chpts 11-14. • Wednesday – "The Siege" (1941) Chpts 15-18. Quiz (To Kill a Mockingbird). • Thursday – "The Siege" (1941) Chpts 16-19. Study & take quiz on grammar rules (hdts 267-284). • Friday – "The Siege" (1941) Chpts 20-22.

3. Home Learning By Monday, 5/14: • Read The Siege Ch 23 - End. • Read Seamus Heaney "Mid-Term Break", Isobel Dixon "Plenty" & Charles Mungoshi "Before the Sun" (packets). • Study grammar hdts 181-194. • Print out slides from 3rd & 4th grading periods or notes to study next week during class. Revised essays due. Have a great week!

4. Extended Home LearningAssignment (Due 5/21/07)All students whose projects were due after 5/7/07. • In an effort to enhance student writing skills and performance, all students are to rewrite (retype) all essay writing samples editing flaws and incorporating feedback provided. This assignment includes all hand-written essays in class as well as both research paper(s). Staple updated final draft on top of previous drafts. • Recap Sheets must be updated and placed on top of all drafts which must be compiled in date order. • A student reflection must be attached to the top evaluating your written work this year. Obviously this should take into consideration the feedback that has been provided throughout the course of the year.

5. Class Response…Monday Please respond to any of the following themes depicted in The Siege: • The role of individual and his/her place in society • Feelings of loss • Desperation • Blurring of domestic gender roles • Finding love in the midst of war/personal disaster

6. Class Response…Tuesday Please respond to any of the following themes depicted in The Siege: • Responsibility to family members • Children and war • Desire to survive • Losing economic stability (currency ineffective) • Taking personal risks

7. The SiegeChapters 8-10 Jennifer Mejias IGCSE English Period 6 5/7/07

8. Helen Dunmore • Helen Dunmore was born in Yorkshire in 1952. • She is an award winning novelist and most of her readers were surprised that she wrote a story about war. • Helen Dunmore had always been interested in the events that happened in Leningrad (the Nazi blockade) even before she wrote The Siege in 2001. • Helen wanted to write a story that would let people imagine what it would be like to be there because statistics and facts could only take you so far. • Helen knew that she wanted her characters to endure a transition: life before the Siege and life after the catastrophe. • In England Helen is known for her poetry. She is also known for the fact that instead of grasping the big picture shed rather narrow her perspective and make her writings more detailed. Helen Dunmore http://www.villagevoice.com/books/0204,press,31671,10.html

9. The Siege of Leningrad • It was the German Siege of Leningrad in Russia during WWII. • The Council of Deputies decided to mobilize workers in order to build fortifications for defense. “One of the fortifications ran from the mouth of the Luga River to Chudovo, Gatchina, Uritsk, Pulkovo and then through the Neva River”(Wikipedia). This is what its referred to as the Luga line in the novel. \ • The shelling of Leningrad began on September 4 • “On September 8, the last land connection to the besieged city was severed when the Germans reached Lake Ladoga at Orekhovets “ (wikipedia). • During this time rations were reduced. • Factories and most jobs closed. A woman worker sent to dig fortifications. http://www.bristolreads.com/downloads/the_siege.pdf

10. Chapter 8 • The women are in a packed barn with all types of bodily odors as well as the smell of fear (Dunmore 57) • They barely get enough sleep in order to dig correctly. They also barely receive food just a pail of cabbage soup, which makes you go to the bathroom (57). • The earth smells raw from all the trenches and like sap where trees have been removed (57). • The trucks have now made it to the Luga Line and the German front line is close although they are not sure how close (57). • It is rumored that the Luga line won’t hold and it’s compared to a dike before it gives in (57). • Anna does not believe that the entire length of the line will give in because of their defense and the help they are receiving from Red Army and the People’s Volunteer (57). • It is rumored that the People’s Volunteer only has one rifle to share between six men (57). • Anna states that the Fascist men are not human because you can’t stop them and no matter how many you shoot there is still more (58). • In the barn the women are discussing a recent bombing and saying that they, meaning the Germans, are close because of they way they counted the flash like lighting (58). • They mention how easily the barn could be bombed. Evgenia mocks party talk with a joke and Anna thinks about the risk Evgenia would have of disappearing if someone overheard or retold what she had said (58). • Anna lies next to Evgenia and as her arms lies against her all fear seems to dissolve and she relaxes (59) .

11. Chapter 8 (continued) • Anna is glad that she can work with Evgenia because she convinces her that the Germans will be stopped and that there is no sense in making them bigger than they are because they are still human (59). • While trying to fall asleep Anna wonders if Kolya is doing good with Marina Petrovna(60). • She begins to remember once when In the middle of the night she hears a knock and its Marina Petrovna. She has come to visit Anna’s father but he is not there because he has joined the People’s Volunteer. Anna invites her in, in fear that if she didn’t they’d be “picked up” (60). • Marina notices Anna’s mom in a picture. Anna wonders why Vera never like Marina and what Marina wanted (61). • Looking at the picture of her mother evokes strong emotions in Anna. She is upset that she left her in the world alone and that Kolya doesn't know her. She still realizes that her mom did not die on purpose (62). • Marina asks Anna if she can stay a day or two because she is afraid that the Germans will reach her dacha. Anna lets Marina stay (63-64). • As the ladies talk Anna notices that Marina always comes back to the subject of her mother. They talk about how Anna lived in a communal apartment but that this changed because this form of living was now only for those who could not climb any higher; people now valued their privacy (64). • Marina did not leave because her friends children had not been evacuated. Anna did not let her know that she didn’t enjoy her presence (66).

12. Chapter 8 (continued) • Soon there was a call for more volunteers to build defenses. It became possible for Anna to go seeing as Marina would look after Kolya. It bothered her how Kolya did not mind her leaving. Marina had made a place in their lives (64-68). • Once again Anna returns to the present and wonders what Katinka would say if she were lying next to Evgenia (68-69). • She hopes that someone buries Katinka because they are moving on today but knows that there is no time for a proper burial (69).

13. Chapter 9 • The chapter begins with an extract from the diary of Mikhail Illyich Levin [Anna’s dad] (71). • In the excerpt Mikhail is describing an old lady who owns a farm and is getting Mikhail two eggs (71). • The old lady acts as if there is nothing to worry about except her animals. Inside that yard all you had to worry about were the hens and the heat. It amazed Mikhail that the old lady believed that everything would go on just as it had the other seasons. Even the ‘high up ones’ (referring to the government) could not stop crops from growing (73). • The old woman gets Mikhail the two eggs assuring him to stop by again whenever he needed more because they were sure to have (74). • The diary goes on to say that Andrei and him have eaten the eggs while discussing Andrei’s experience when camping in Siberia. They begin arguing about the wives of the Decembrist and Mikhail is amazed that even in the path of the Germans they are arguing nonsense (74-75). • The diary excerpt ends with Andrei’s handwriting which states that the entries are in his pocket for safekeeping until they can be returned to Mikhail's family. Andrei is in a truck filled with wounded men and he tries to help them as best as he can because he does not have medical supplies, or water, and he can barely move. He tears his shirt to use as bandages (75-76). • All the men are horribly injured and one of them even dies (76).

14. Chapter 9 (continued) • The surroundings are horrible and it smells of burning. Many huts are on fire as people have escaped and want to leave the enemy with nothing to live off (76-77). • All types of people are walking towards the station. They claim that the trains will be running (77). • Andrei thinks of a place where there are no bombardments, tanks or crowds. He also feels guilty when kids cry along the truck begging for a ride and they can’t get on because there is no more room in the truck (77). • We learn that Mikhail is unconscious in one of the corners of the truck. He has a possible skull fracture, a wound on his shoulder, and he has bone splinters (78). • Andrei longs for a hospital where people know what to do and he promises to his men that they will be there soon (78), • Andrei will not let anyone else get a hold of Mikhail’s diary entries. It would be dangerous if while they undressed Mikhail in the hospital they found these papers (79). • Andrei refuses to speak from anything else besides his own experiences (79).

15. Chapter 10 • Early in the morning Andrei stands in an empty street recalling that he is in the correct place. He believes it looks just like the cramped buildings in St. Petersburg. He remembers his father saying that he was lucky because in his communal living he gets along with all his neighbors (81). • After thinking about his father this evokes memories of his mother who lived in Siberia. Leningrad is no comparison to Siberia. Siberia is more than a place but also a spirit and people are more open and less scared there (81-82). • Andrei is looking for Mikhail’s daughter, Anna. He arrives at the door and after knocking a couple of times he says that he is a friend of her fathers and the door immediately opens (83). • Anna is overcome with fear thinking that she is receiving news of her father’s death but instead Andre ensures that he is alive in the Erisman Hospital (84), • Anna expresses her anger saying that she feels that her dad forgets about Kolya when its convenient and that not he gets himself shot. She it still glad that someone has brought him back (84). • It is already evident that Andrei is attracted to Anna because he smell s the “warm strong scent of her body and hair’ (84). • Anna invites him into the kitchen so that they don’t wake up Marina Petrovna. Andrei recalls how lucky they are not to have to label their food etc (84).

16. Chapter 10 (continued) • Andrei begins to talk about Mikhail and his constant writing (the respect he shows for him proves that there aren’t writers in his family). He tells Anna that he has the writings and that is part of the reason that he is there and because he didn’t want to leave them in the hospital (85). • Anna prepares tea and offers bread. She is concerned about her father’s health but Andrei assures her that is ok. He tells her to visit in the afternoon because he is currently asleep (85). • Meanwhile, the connection between the two grows as Andrei begins to joke with Anna. Andrei is perfectly describing Anna’s body with admiration (86). • Andrei’s tiredness is consuming him and he remembers peasants breaking off pieces of fencing to use as stretchers. At first they had been reluctant to the idea, calling it sabotage. Later on those who had been the most reluctant were helping the most helpful, fetching buckets of water etc (86). • Andre tells Anna how he dreamed of having tea. Anna already knows because until two days ago she had been working in the line. They had sent them home on a train that was packed with women. When they got off the train they no linger belonged together and they all began to trudge off. The women were not used to not following orders. Anna said bye to Evgenia thinking that if they were meant to meet again they would (87-89).

17. Chapter 10 (continued) • They both continue talking and Anna recalls that Andrei looks at her in an intimate way. His look makes her uncertain. “He’s curios. He wants to know more. His gaze probes and grows close” (90). • Andrei mentions that in the wards you must protect yourself. Not become heartless but realize that sometimes there is nothing you can do (90). • They exchange a glow of recognition. Anna is now admiring his body and every aspect of it. All of a sudden she begins to question herself and becomes self conscious (91), • When its time for Andrei to leave they don’t separate but stand close. They promise that they will soon go out dancing if the bands in clubs are still playing (92). • Anna thinks of “dancing in the dark” with Andrei but is referring to sex. She said that she’s never done that because she thinks of Kolya and becoming pregnant and then dying. “ I want to shut my eyes with him…I want to care for him…I want to dance in the dark with him” (92-93).

18. Vocabulary • Defeatist– someone who gives in or surrenders easily. • Hasty– to make or do with great speed. • Snuffle– to draw mucus through the nostrils in a noisy fashion. • Queues– a long line of people waiting. • Dacha– a Russian country house or village.

19. Characterization • Anna– a courageous young girl forced to work in fortifications in order to aid her family. • Evgenia– one of the women working with Anna who is very strong and almost serves as a hero and motivation to Anna. • Kolya– Anna’s little brother whom she’s left unwillingly in the care of Marina Petrovna. • Marina Petrovna– A close friend of Anna’s dad who seems particularly interested in the subject of Vera and who begins to live with Anna and care for Kolya. • Mikhail Illyich– Anna’s father who joined the Peoples Volunteer and has been injured. • Andrei– Mikhail’s friend who is guarding his journal entries and visits Anna in order to ensure her fathers well being and seems attracted to Anna.

20. Themes • Warfare • Desperation/Chaos • Fear • Injury • Secrecy • Love

21. Critiques • Review by Oliver Ready: states how this is a novel about getting by, women are faced with a “double burden”, and how survival skills are stretched to their limit. • Chilled by the Siege by Harriet Dennys: visually impaired students express that the story is a tale of survival with no false accents. It express self-sacrifice to keep alive. • Review by Janice P: the story delivers emotional truth by ordinary people in which you can feel the texture of events. • The Women’s Review of Books by Lisa Kirschenbaum: refers to how domestic space between men and women were blurred. There was sacrifice of love, child birth and marriage. Women were more patriotic and heroic defenders. There was denial of female perspectives. • Critical perspective of Dr. Jules Smith: There was a wartime mentality, self-suffering, struggles and loss. This was a realist novel. • Starving Society by Anonymous: the book depicts day to day hardships dealing with hunger and harsh winters.

22. Outline The Siege: Hardships of the Innocent People of Leningrad Thesis Statement: It is evident that in “The Siege”, Helen Dunmore traces key events in the Leningrad Siege and shows how it affected those who weren’t directly involved in the resistance. I. To commence, Helen Dunmore portrays how war was imbedded into the lives of the people of Leningrad and how there was a loss of identity, particularly referring to the women of this society. A. “Blockaded for almost three years during World War II, the city of Leningrad was a place where war invaded domestic spaces and blurred the boundaries between” men and women(Kircshenbaum 1). 1. Conditions presented throughout the war did not let housewives continue their daily work as life became more difficult. 2. Women were also faced with hard laboring tasks of men and continue their daily work as life became more difficult. 1). 3. Further, it was difficult to preserve home life as well as other aspects that had characterized women for centuries, including, beauty, youth, and love and marriage.

23. Outline II. Additionally, the author conveys that with conditions becoming consistently unbearable life became and art of survival. A. Characters in the novel were enduring obstacles that showed “heroic self- sacrifice and collective suffering [during the Siege]” (Smith 2). This is “convincingly, if sometimes sentimentally, portrayed” (2). 1. “The book depicts the day to day hardships that one family endures dealing with hunger and the harsh winter” (Anonymous 1). 2. It was a task to keep friends and relatives alive and situations only appear to become more grim. 3. “They try to hold together the fragile remains of Anna’s family…through the dizziness of hunger and absolute uncertainty” ( Ready1).

24. Outline IV. In this way, Helen Dunmore is able to tell an “acclaimed tail of ordinary citizens’ struggles for survival during the Nazi siege of Leningrad in the winter of 1941” (Dennys 1) A. Helen Dunmore is able to effectively show how the siege changed the mentality of the people and the way in which it affected their lives. 1. “All human nature is here in all its glory and savagery; the book was well researched and skillfully told, with depth of feeling and poignancy, by the author” (Dennys 1) 2. “With her fine and understated poetic talent, Dunmore capture the Siege’s sense of estrangement and disorientation in bold, unexpected images” (Ready 1) 3. “Dunmore manages to sound a fierce not of humanism…there is no need to manufacture fear. History is frightening enough” (Nimura 1). Concluding Statement: In conclusion, Helen Dunmore ultimately expresses the undeniable struggles of the people living in the Leningrad society during the Siege of 1941 using characters that are relatable and that endure massive amounts of struggles throughout the story.

25. Outline III. Furthermore, Dunmore depicts that those things that were once considered public now had to be kept private in fear of the “high up ones” and being taken away in black vans. A. There was an unquestionable fear of the omnivorous public. 1. At times people were hesitant of associating with others in the fear that people will witness their interaction and therefore receive a bad reputation. 2. Andrei also mentions that at one point communal living was popular but soon disintegrated because people had become more private. 3. Further, Marina Petrovna moves in with Anna because she does not feel safe in her dacha and believes that she will be taken away because as her status of an actor (another aspect which alienates her of interaction with society).

26. Bloom Questions • Knowledge: - Examine Evgenia and tell about her character. • Comprehension: -Describe the relationship between Andrei and Anna. What do you predict will happen. • Application: - Illustrate the role of women in the Luga Line. • Analysis: -Explain why Anna is so upset that her father got injured. • Synthesis: - What if Mikhail (Anna’s father) would not have survived his injury? • Evaluation: - Asses Anna’s dislike of Marina Petrovna.

27. Works Cited • Smith, Dr. Jules. "Helen Dunmore." contemporary writers. 2002. British Arts Council. 2 May 2007 <http://www.contemporarywriters.com>. • "Siege of Leningrad." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 29 Apr 2007, 18:41 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 2 May 2007<http://en.wikipedia.org/>. • Kirschenbaum, Lisa. "The Women's Review of Books." Literature Resource Center. 12/2003. Gale Group Data Bases. 2 May 2007 <http://galenet.galegroup.com>. • Nimura, Janice . "The New York Times Book Review." Literature Resource Center. 3/31/2002. Gale Group Databases. 2 May 2007 <http://galenet.galegroup.com>.

28. Works Cited • Ready, Oliver. "THE SIEGE ." Literature Resource Center. June 18, 2001. Gale Group Databases. 2 May 2007 <http://galenet.galegroup.com>. • "Leningrad, Siege of." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. 2007. Grolier Online. 2 May 2007 <http://gme.grolier.com/>. • "Starving Society." 123 Help Me. 2 May 2007 <http://sv2.123helpme.com>.

29. The SiegeChapters 11-14 Marianne Liens Pre-Aice English Period 6 March 8th, 2007

30. About the Author • Helen Dunmore was born in December 1952. Her hometown is Yorkshire and she was the second of four children (Dunmore 1). • Starting from her childhood, poetry was one of her priorities (1). • She would memorize hymns and ballads, and then incorporate some of the styles she had learned into her own poetry (1). • Dunmore studied English at the University of York, and then taught English as a foreign language in Finland (1). • This is about the time where she starts writing her first poetry and publishes them in magazines. She also wrote 2 novels. They never really became famous (1). This is a photograph of Helen Dunmore, the author of many novels. Courtesy of HelenDunmore.com

31. About the Author (cont’d) • She then published a couple collections of poems and some short stories which got published in Love of Fat Men (1). • She started traveling all over the UK and around the world learning about different cultures (1). • They then was a professor in various colleges (1). • This is when she learned the prose technique and published many novels. Her first famous novel was for children and is called Going to Egypt. Her first adult’s book was Zennor in Darkness (2).

32. Origin of The Siege • The Siege was Helen Dunmore’s seventh novel (Dunmore 3). • It was chosen for the Whitbread Novel award and the Orange Prize for fiction (3). • The novel is a researched novel having to do with the siege of Leningrad by German forces which lasted for 880 days starting August 1941 (3). • This book has become popular and has been translated into Russian already (3). Book by Helen Dunmore. Courtesy of Longitude Books

33. About the Time Period (1941-1944) • This novel was written based on the siege of Leningrad (Dunmore 3). • Leningrad is a Russian city (now known as St. Petersburg) that went though a blockade by German and Finnish forces during World War II (O’Brien 1). • The German Army surrounded Leningrad on September 1941 and cut down all their food and fuel supply (1). • The German force also bombarded the city by aircraft and missiles (1). • The complete lifting of the siege came in 1944, when the Soviet forces were able to draw the Germans more than 50 miles out from the devastated city (Borrero 1). • More than 1 million civilian lives were lost mainly due to starvation, disease, and exposure (O’Brien 1).

34. Recap of the Previous Chapter • In chapter 10 is where Anna has the encounter with Andrei (Dunmore 83). • Andrei informs Anna that her father was injured and sent to the hospital (84). • They both think of each other and feel attracted in some way (83-93).

35. Chapter 11 Plot Sequence • Reveals that Elizaveta Antonovna hasn’t stopped trying to set up the children in their evacuating transportation (Dunmore 94). • Anna then goes to help out with the children evacuations and a mother pushes two girls into her hands (95). The mother says she can’t take them because she is an essential worker (95). • The mother tells one of the little girls to not have her grey cloth out because Anna was going to think bad of her for carrying a dirty cloth around (95). • The mother felt a bit scared letting her children leave, but Anna assures her that they would be safer away from the air raids (95). • Once the mother left, the little girl started crying and the eldest one gave her the cloth explaining to Anna that was what her mother always did (96). • The little girl stopped crying and Anna told the oldest to give it to her whenever she wanted it (96).

36. Chapter 11 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • Anna promises to keep the two girls together and that they will be sending along food with them (96). • She then finds out that the youngest is named Olenka and that she doesn’t speak, but Nyusha (the oldest one) confirms that she can tell when the sister wants something (96). • Each child is given a number and warned not to take it off. Most of those children knew what to do because they had been evacuees before (97). • A big woman then appears saying that the transport was ready for 50 accompanying adults and 150 children (97). • A sense of panic begins to roam the halls and Anna tries to get all the children together, while everyone is shoving to get past (97). • The children Anna is in charge of are unaccompanied so they have no one to lift them above the force of the people trying to get through (97). • Anna guides the children to get behind her and to hold on. She yells out to the people to be courteous to the children because they might get hurt but no one pays attention (98).

37. Chapter 11 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • One of the little kids starts to weep and Anna asks a lady in a Party blouse to help her because they are children of essential workers (98). • The lady then raises her voice and tells the people that it was no way to behave. The crowd than stand to a side and let Anna and the children through (98). • “Shoving kids out of the way like that – that can’t have been us, can’t it?” • Once they get to the courtyard, the children sit in rows again and they don’t cry (99). • The children are dressed in winter clothes and one of the kids protest to his mother that he wants to take off his jacket. His mother says that she had done the right thing (99). • The children are off already and Anna just stands there watching them go until Elizaveta Antonovna makes her snap back into reality and to the fact that they had to get more kids ready to get on as well (100). • The Germans keep advancing and there are many children in the evacuation centers already. Some of the children are those that band together to make trouble and then there are the passive ones that wont look directly at anyone (100).

38. Chapter 11 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • The railways are being bombed and there are still a lot of children to evacuate. The sandwiches are gone and nobody knows if they should touch the stored food (100). • Parents surround Anna trying to find out if it was true that one of the trains carrying children had been bombed (101). • Anna swears to knowing nothing and promises that if she were to find anything out she would inform them (101). • Anna takes a couple of the parents to a cupboard for them to get some peace at least for a couple of moments (101). • A woman starts to sob at the rumor going around. She said she sent out her daughter for the best and she didn’t even get to say bye properly (101). • Then 6 bus loads of children appear that Anna thought would’ve been long gone by then and a mother explains that: “The line was torn up by a bomb five kilometers ahead” They had kept them waiting but their food supply ran out so they had to turn back (102). • News then came in that a train had been bombed. It wasn’t the train from before, but another one (102).

39. Chapter 11 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • Anna becomes anxious thinking that the train that had been bombed could have been the one she had lined up with all the kids that wanted to take their jackets off (102). • In that train that had been bombed, there was nearly 200 children, and forty adults. Out of all these, there were only 32 survivors (102). • That night Anna laid thinking on whether it had been a good idea to keep Kolya with her or to have sent him out (102). • She then starts thinking that it wasn’t just by chance that Marina was there (102). • If it hadn't been for Marina, Anna and Kolya might have starved by now. The prices had skyrocketed and Anna would have run out of money. Anna told Marina that she didn’t have to spend all her money on them and she clearly stated “We are not going to be able to eat money” (103). “Money’s not going to mean anything soon” (103). • Anna begins to get jealous at the fact that Kolya was getting attached to Marina. She just reminds herself that her mother didn’t like Marina (103).

40. Chapter 11 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • Marina is helping Kolya build the fort he wanted so much and Kolya asks: • “The walls have to be high, don’t they, so the enemies don’t climb over them” (104). • Anna starts to ponder on the idea that everything should change as well as her way of art (104). • She lies in bed thinking about everything that has gone on up to then. She thinks about Andrei and the possibility that he could have been a fake. She also thinks about how maybe no one, not even the Germans know what was to happen (104-105). • German airplanes were dropping leaflets not bombs, but Anna is scared to pick it up thinking it might be a trick and that someone might be watching her. • The leaflets say: • “Leningrad is already defeated. Our victory is inevitable, and resistance will only make things worse for you. Your armies are withdrawing to Moscow, abandoning you. The defeat of Leningrad is inevitable” (105). • Anna then lays. Each time she thinks of Andrei she feels a heat wave wash over her skin, and quickly changes her thoughts to Kolya (105).

41. Chapter 11 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • Anna thinks of how everything is now out of proportion. You never knew what was to happen anymore and there was a sense of uncertainty (105-106). • These were the last nights of summer and Anna refuses to think of Andrei (106).

42. Chapter 12 Plot Sequence • The city hasn’t been bombed yet and the warmness of each day takes longer to come about (107). • Anna thinks about how everything has turned out. There’s a lady who rests in front of an apartment to then go to the railway station to be evacuated. She sleeps on her pillow and then doesn’t leave it behind because then she wouldn’t know when she’d see another one. This lady will wait to long to go to the station and when she gets there, shell see that the train is full and then have to make her way home again (108). • There are armed men moving through the city. The armed men are being pushed back by the German advance. They are feeling what the Leningraders have not yet felt and the lady just watches (108). • The men ask the lady for water but she simply cringes as if the men were bad and says she doesn’t live there (109). • Rumors start to flow in about the German’s plan. Maybe the Germans are going to come through the south of maybe they’ll surround us. There's a big deal of uncertainty and misconceptions (109).

43. Chapter 12 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • People are now becoming scared of the moon. They call it the “bomber’s moon” (109). • These would have been the type of nights that before you would spend in the fields as if it were daylight (109). • Anna then speaks with Marina. She tells her that she was going to risk going to the dacha (110). • Marina tries to explain that they could think she's a spy but Anna keeps her head up and thinks positive (110). • Marina gives up and hands Anna a puukkuu (a Finnish hunting knife)(110). • Anna asks for Marina to not tell her dad until she has returned (110-111). • When their father returned, Kolya went into his room to find him sleeping (111). • His father looked nothing like he did before and he was so different to how his children had seen him before (111). • Anna goes into her father’s room and changes the glass of water he has in his room to a fresh one (111).

44. Chapter 12 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • Mikhail was supposed to walk around to keep his blood circulating but he couldn’t get up. Marina had to but him a bedpan and a bed-bottle because of his immobility (111). • They had to clean his shoulder wound but couldn’t find any bandage because they were sold-out all over the city so they had to get lint (112). • He must drink water to flush out his wound and they have to make sure he urinates because if not, it’s a sign of dehydration (112). • Anna disturbs his sleep because his lips were cracked and he needed to have some water. He instead asks for tea and Anna gets his some knowing he’s not supposed to drink it (112-113). • Mikhail then calls her “My soul” for the first time (113). • While at the dacha, Anna thinks about what her father called her, while plowing up potatoes (113). • She then hears a rustle behind her, she grabs the knife and scans her surroundings. She turns to find no one there (114).

45. Chapter 12 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • She keeps digging up potatoes which are small this year and she hears the rustle again. She doesn’t turn this time and knows that even if she screams, no one would be able to hear her because there was no one there (114). • She then starts to remember Vasya and how he always knew everything (114). • Anna then hurries through the last row of potatoes and crams them into her bag (115). • Anna notices that the dacha had become a place she no longer loved (115). • She closes her bag with fear. She was going to go to the Sokolovs’ abandoned garden but noticed it was in the middle of nowhere where fear was out to get you (115). • She did what Marina had taught her to do when aroused by stage-fright, breathe out long and slow, and she tells herself that she would not run (115). • She then has three rows of potatoes left she stops taking them out slowly, noticing that the job is done quicker this way(116).

46. Chapter 13 Plot Sequence • As Anna was making her way back home she was stopped by an officer about her age that asks her for her papers. The papers were alright, so he then asks her what’s in her bag (117). • Anna explains its produce, but the officer assumes its for marketing. She assures him that its for personal use. She is then scared that the officer would charge her for trying to sell it (117-118). • The officer then returns saying that the onions were really good (118). • On the bike ride back home Anna spots Andrei walking and calls out his name. He invites her to go drink something, but she says she wants to put her potato sacks down • He says he was looking for her and she says she was a the dacha. Andrei seems to be getting a bit protective over Anna (119-120).

47. Chapter 13 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • Anna goes to wash up, but forget the soap so she decides to just use water. At that moment there is a knock on the door. It is Marina with a bar of soap. Anna wants her to leave but instead she offers to do Anna’s hair (121). • She puts red lipstick on Anna and pins up her hair. Anna asks for some privacy and then gets newspapers and wipes off the lipstick and then lets her hair down (122-123). • When Anna walks out she sees that Andrei was sleeping and it was blamed on the fact that they didn’t get much sleep (123). • Kolya wanted to show him his fort but Anna asked him to go play quietly (123). • Later Anna and Andrei go walking together in the blackout (124). • Andrei then starts thinking about all the horrific scenes he’s seen and then starts thinking about getting intimate with Anna. He tries to “penetrate” Anna but she pushes him off saying that she already had Kolya and didn’t want to get pregnant (124-125).

48. Chapter 13 Plot Sequence (cont’d) • Anna then hears a sound and calls out for silence and then they hear an aircraft that seems to get shot down (125). • Anna then tells him that he should go because they’ll need him at the hospital. At the same time she tries to find out why he wasn’t able to go visit her before. He only answers between kisses that it had been pretty bad at the hospital (126). • “Everything becomes normal s quickly, until you look back and see how far you’ve come away from how things used to be” (126). • When they arrive at the entrance to Anna’s apartment Andrei lifts her up while its beginning to shower lightly and he lifts up her skirt (127). • In the apartment, Marina sits by Kolya until he’s asleep. Then Mikhail came out of his room but didn’t really want to speak with Marina (128). • Here we find out that the Germans have advanced a lot and are surrounding Leningrad (128). • Marina started telling him of how he shouldn’t just give up and not care about his children. Mikhail states that he is dying but Marina just reminds him that the only reason he is dying is because he is letting himself do it (128-130).

49. Chapter 14 Plot Sequence • It is informed that the Germans are setting everything on fire. All the food supply is gone (132-133). • The Badayev warehouses were where the Leningraders will always go to find food. It was filled with tons of food. The Germans found out about this and bombed the place (133-134). • The Germans didn’t even use an ordinary bomb to tear down the place. The bombed it with a new and special bomb that would set everything on fire. The fire would be put out, but once there was no water, the fire would return. The fire burned until everything was turned into ashes (134). • Thinking about everything that was lost there make you realize that Badayev was no longer there (134). • Russian planes fly the night sky but Pavlov doesn’t even look out the window because he has to see how the food will be distributed (135). • “They are here, in Leningrad. Whatever happens, they are part of it now,” (135).

50. Vocabulary • Pallor - paleness; whiteness • Essential – important, necessary • Convulsively – an involuntary muscular movement. • Wriggle – move about • Billeting – to lodge troops • Lorries – A four wheeled wagon • Besiege – Surround • Crimson – A reddish color • Patronymic – a name received from an ancestor