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Shakespeare: His Life and Times

Shakespeare: His Life and Times. What comes to mind when you hear, “SHAKESPEARE?”. Early Life. Born 1564—died 1616 Stratford-upon-Avon Parents: John and Mary Arden Shakespeare Mary—daughter of wealthy landowner John—glovemaker, local politician. Location of Stratford-upon-Avon.

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Shakespeare: His Life and Times

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  1. Shakespeare: His Life and Times What comes to mind when you hear, “SHAKESPEARE?”

  2. Early Life • Born 1564—died 1616 • Stratford-upon-Avon • Parents: John and Mary Arden Shakespeare • Mary—daughter of wealthy landowner • John—glovemaker, local politician

  3. Location of Stratford-upon-Avon From: http://www.where-can-i-find.com/tourist-maps.html

  4. Stratford-on-Avon in Shakespeare’s Time As reproduced in William Rolfe, Shakespeare the Boy (1896).

  5. Stratford-upon-Avon Today From Stratford’s web site: http://www.stratford-upon-avon.co.uk/index.htm

  6. Shakespeare’s Birthplace From: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/danielle.esposito/

  7. Education • Probably attended King’s New School in Stratford • Educated in: • Rhetoric • Logic • History • Latin

  8. King’s New School From: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/danielle.esposito/

  9. Married Life • Married in 1582 to Anne Hathaway, who was pregnant at the time with their first daughter • Had twins in 1585 • Sometime between 1585-1592, he moved to London and began working in theatre.

  10. Anne Hathaway’s Cottage From: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/danielle.esposito/

  11. Theatre Career • Member and later part-owner of the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, later called the King’s Men • Globe Theater built in 1599 by L.C.M. with Shakespeare as primary investor • Burned down in 1613 during one of Shakespeare’s plays

  12. The Rebuilt Globe Theater, London

  13. The Globe Theater

  14. The Plays • 38 plays firmly attributed to Shakespeare • 14 comedies • 10 histories • 10 tragedies • 4 romances • Possibly wrote three others • Collaborated on several others

  15. The Poetry • 154 Sonnets • Numerous other poems

  16. Shakespeare’s Language • Shakespeare did NOT write in “Old English.” • 5th-12th Centuries (400-1100) • Old English is the language of Beowulf: • Hwaet! We Gardena in geardagum • Þeodcyninga Þrym gefrunon • Hu ða æÞelingas ellen fremedon! • (Hey! We have heard of the glory of the Spear-Danes in the old days, the kings of tribes, how noble princes showed great courage!)

  17. Shakespeare’s Language • Shakespeare did not write in “Middle English.” • 12-16th centuries (1100-1500) • Middle English is the language of Chaucer, the Gawain-poet, and Malory: • We redeth oft and findeth y-write— • And this clerkes wele it wite— • Layes that ben in harping • Ben y-founde of ferli thing… (Sir Orfeo) • “Often in books - and men of letters will vouch for this - we find tales that were originally intended to be sung and which have lying at their core some strange and wonderful things.”

  18. Shakespeare’s Language • Shakespeare wrote in “Early Modern English.” (1500-1650s) • EME was not very different from “Modern English” (1650s to now)

  19. Shakespeare’s Language • A mix of old and very new • Rural and urban words/images • Understandable by the lowest peasant and the highest noble

  20. QUIZ • When (approx) did Shakespeare live? • What social class was he born into? • How many children did he have? • What theater did he help build? • What four categories do his plays fit into? • Did Shakespeare write in Old English, Middle English, Early Modern English, or Modern English?

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