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Waves

Waves. Chapter 15 Section 2. Objectives. What are ways to measure and compare waves How can you calculate speed of a wave?. How Do Waves Move Particles. Transverse waves: the particles in the medium move perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. Example: Ocean waves

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Waves

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  1. Waves Chapter 15 Section 2

  2. Objectives • What are ways to measure and compare waves • How can you calculate speed of a wave?

  3. How Do Waves Move Particles • Transverse waves: the particles in the medium move perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling. • Example: Ocean waves • Longitudinal waves: particles in the medium vibrate parallel to the direction in which the wave moves. • Example: sound waves, slinky

  4. How Do Waves Move Particles • When a mechanical wave travels through a medium, the particles in the medium vibrate. • Different kinds of mediums cause the wave to vibrate in different ways • This is how scientists classify waves: by how they cause particles to move

  5. Characteristics of Waves

  6. Crest and Trough • The high points in transverse waves are called crests. • The low points in transverse waves are called troughs.

  7. Compression and Rarefractions • Longitudinal waves do not have crests and troughs, instead they have compressions and rarefactions. • Compressions are where particles are close together. • Rarefractions are where the particles are farther apart.

  8. Amplitude • Amplitude is the largest distance that a wave displaces particles from their resting positions. • In transverse waves it is the distance between the resting position and the wave’s crest or trough.

  9. Wavelength • In transverse waves the distance between one crest and the next, or one trough and the next. • In longitudinal waves, the wavelength is the distance between two neighboring compressions or refractions.

  10. Period • Period is the time it takes for one full wavelength of the wave to pass a specific point. Meaning the time it takes for a crest and trough to pass. • Period is represented as a T in equations and its units are units for time, such as seconds

  11. Frequency • Frequency is the number of wavelengths that pass you in a specific amount of time. • The symbol for frequency is f. • The SI unit for frequency is a Hertz or Hz • Frequency = 1/ period

  12. Wavelength speed • How do we calculate wavelength speed? • The speed of a wave is the time it takes for one part of the wave to travel a certain distance. • Speed = wavelength/period or Speed = wavelength x frequency

  13. Calculating Speed of a wave • A piano string vibrates to produce a note. The sound waves the string produce have a frequency of 262 Hz and a wavelength of 1.30m. What is the speed of the sound waves?

  14. Answer • Speed= wavelength x frequency • Speed= 1.30m x 262 Hz • Speed = 341 m/s

  15. Describing Waves

  16. Describing Waves

  17. Great Websites • http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/partsOfAWave/waveParts.

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