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Muscular and Nervous Tissue

Muscular and Nervous Tissue. Chapter 4.3 Human Anatomy & Physiology. Muscular Tissue. Function Contracts to produce movement Movement can be voluntary or involuntary. Types of Muscular Tissue. 3 Types 1. Skeletal 2. Smooth 3. Cardiac. Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle.

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Muscular and Nervous Tissue

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  1. Muscular and Nervous Tissue Chapter 4.3 Human Anatomy & Physiology

  2. Muscular Tissue • Function • Contracts to produce movement • Movement can be voluntary or involuntary

  3. Types of Muscular Tissue • 3 Types 1. Skeletal 2. Smooth 3. Cardiac

  4. Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle • Appearance:striated (striped) and column-shaped cells (muscle fibers) • Alternating light and dark bands make striations • Location:Attached primarily to bones • Control:Voluntary (conscious) • Contracts quickly, tires easily (fatigable) • Allows for wide range of forces to be generated

  5. Skeletal Muscle Tissue - 400X

  6. Smooth Muscle • Appearance:spindle-shaped • Location:wall of hollow organs • example: Intestines, urinary bladder, ureters, blood vessels • Control:Involuntary • Contracts rhythmically and quickly

  7. Smooth Muscle

  8. Smooth Muscle Tissue - 400X

  9. Cardiac Muscle • Has features of both skeletal and smooth muscle - Like skeletal muscle, it has strong contractions and striated appearance - Like smooth muscle, it is under involuntary control and has rhythmic contraction

  10. Appearance:striated and branched • Location:heart • Function:contraction of heart pumps blood and causes the heartbeat • Control: Involuntary

  11. Cardiac Muscle Tissue - 400X

  12. Nervous Tissue • Theultimate control of all the organ systems is done by the nervous system. • Function: controls and coordinates all bodily functions and responds to internal and external stimuli. THINK… COMMUNICATION!

  13. Nervous Tissue • Found: brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves • The cells that transmit messages (impulses) are called neurons.

  14. Structure of a Neuron Nucleus Dendrites Axon terminals Cell body Myelin sheath Axon Nodes

  15. Neuron Structure • Dendrites extend from the cell body and carry impulses from the environment toward the cell body.

  16. Neuron Structure • The largest part of a typical neuron is the cell body. • It contains the nucleus and much of the cytoplasm.

  17. Neuron Structure • The axon is the long fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body.

  18. Neuron Structure • The axon is sometimes surrounded by an insulating membrane called the myelin sheath.

  19. Neuron Structure There are gaps in the myelin sheath, called nodes, where the membrane is exposed. • Impulses jump from one node to the next.

  20. Neuron Structure Impulses are then passed to the next cell by the axon terminals.

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