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Brain Warmer 19 Which of the following best describes viral reproduction? A.The genetic material of a virus enters a living host cell and takes over the translational and transcriptional mechanisms of the cell in order to replicate the virus's nucleic acids.
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Brain Warmer 19Which of the following best describes viral reproduction? A.The genetic material of a virus enters a living host cell and takes over the translational and transcriptional mechanisms of the cell in order to replicate the virus's nucleic acids. B.The chromosomes of a virus line up and condense into rod-like structures inside of the virus's capsid, then slowly divide as a viral envelope forms around each chromosome. C.The chromosomes of a virus replicate themselves inside of the virus's capsid, then line up and slowly divide as a viral envelope forms around each set. D. The genetic material of a virus enters a living host cell and combines with the cell's nucleotides in order to form a hybrid cell that is capable of asexual reproduction.
Scientific Explanation: A Viruses are unable to reproduce independently. Viruses must infect a living host cell in order to replicate their genetic material.Viral reproduction occurs when the genetic material of a virus enters a living host cell and takes over the host cell in order to replicate the virus's nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
video clip Lytic Cycle and Lysogenic Cycle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFwA0aBX5bE Brightstorm Video Clip
Lytic Cycle viral DNA or RNA destroys host cell DNA viral DNA or RNA takes over host cell function and destroys it There are symptoms of viral infection, virus replicates and destroys host cell
Lysogenic Cycle viral DNA or RNA merges with host cell DNA and does not destroy it There are no symptoms of viral infection, Virus replicates without killing host cell viral DNA or RNA takes over host cell function
1.root hair - each of a large number of elongated microscopic outgrowths from the outer layer of cells in a root, absorbing moisture and nutrients from the soil
2. Invasive species - is defined as a species that is: 1) non-native (or alien) to the ecosystem under consideration and. 2) whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
3.Vascular tissue is found in all the plant's vegetative organs, the roots, stems, and leaves. There are 2 types of vascular tissues – xylem, phloem Xylem transports and stores water and water-soluble nutrients in vascular plants. Phloem is responsible for transporting sugars, proteins, and other organic molecules in plants.
transports water and minerals from transports food from leaves to roots to leaves other parts of the plant VASCULAR TISSUES
4. phototropism –is the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototropism ) or away from it ( negative phototropism ).
5. enzymes - a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
6. thigmotropism - the turning or bending of a plant or other organism in response to a touch stimulus
7.Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products
8.Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. Transpiration is essentially evaporation of water from plant leaves.
9.stomata - Taking in oxygen is very important because it allows your cells to do things, like make energy from the food you eat. Plants 'breathe' too, but they do it through tiny openings in leaves called stomata (singular: stoma). Stomata open and close to allow the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen.
Plant roots have extensions called root hairs. These root hairs are important in the homeostasis of the plant. • Which statement best explains the importance of the root hairs to the stems and leaves of the plant? • A Root hairs convert minerals into glucose for immediate use by cells. • B Root hairs decrease the need for osmosis and diffusion in vascular tissue. • C Root hairs prevent water loss in leaves through transpiration and gas exchange. • D Root hairs increase the surface area of the roots for nutrient and water absorption.
2. Invasive plant species affect the interactions of living and nonliving components of an ecosystem, so the removal of invasive plants is often necessary. The goal of most plant-control methods is to disrupt or inhibit the function of different plant systems. For example, insects can be used to chew through roots in order to reduce a plant’s ability to absorb water. Which of these functions would be most immediately affected by a reduction in water uptake by roots? F Disease resistance G Seed dispersal H Sunlight absorption J Photosynthesis
3. A student reads this advertisement for a product containing a plant micronutrient that can be added to soil. Based on this information, the student can conclude that boron is absorbed by plant roots from soil and then — A transported to reproductive tissues by the plant’s shoot system B stored in plant stems until the flowers are pollinated C concentrated in the roots until the plant’s reproductive tissues mature D transported by the phloem to the stomata in leaves, where it attracts pollinators
4. A student conducted an investigation to study phototropism in grasses. The only difference between the control group and the experimental group was light conditions. The control group was provided full light, while the experimental group was shaded on one side. The diagrams show the average heights and positions of blades of grass in the investigation. Which statement best explains why the grass tips of the experimental group bent toward the light? F Water evaporated faster on the side of the plant having full light. G Light sensors in the grass tips stimulated a hormone in the shoot system. H The xylem in the root system absorbed more nutrients from the shaded side. J The side facing the light has a greater chance of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
5. Plants called sundews have rounded green leaves with many hair-like structures. The ends of these structures contain enzymes in a sticky liquid that looks like nectar or moisture, as shown in the picture. The hairs do not react to dust or nonliving material but will bend inward when insects get caught in the sticky liquid. Sundews digest trapped insects over a period of a few days. Based on this information, what functions do the specialized leaves of sundews perform? A Provide water to the plant and perform photosynthesis B Respond to stimuli and anchor the plant C Provide nutrients to the plant and respond to stimuli D Release pollen to insects and perform photosynthesis
6. The mimosa plant displays thigmotropism by collapsing its leaves in response to touch, as shown in the pictures below. The plant on the left is undisturbed. The upper stem of the plant on the right has been touched. What is the most likely benefit of this mechanism for the plant? A Protection from a loss of minerals to the environment B Protection from poor light availability C Protection from herbivores by becoming less attractive D Protection from overwatering
7. Structures represented in the illustration below are found in the lower epidermis of a plant leaf. The illustration at right shows the response to a certain environmental condition. The response represented in the illustration would most likely be caused by — A a reduced supply of oxygen B long periods of rainfall C high concentrations of glucose D little available water
8. The internal transport of water and minerals in plants requires that two systems work together. Which diagram correctly describes how the two systems accomplish this?
9. Plants have developed many methods of seed dispersal. The table below shows seeds of two different plants. How has the seed dispersal method developed by these plants given them a reproductive advantage? F The method ensures that offspring will be dispersed and reduces competition for resources. G The method reduces the chance that herbivores will consume the seeds. H The method lengthens the life cycle of each of these plants. J The method reduces the plants’ need for water and other nutrients.
