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Trichinella spiralis

Trichinella spiralis. Daniel Jackson. Review of Trichinella spiralis. Contracted by eating raw or undercooked pork or wild game with larvae in muscle Causes trichinosis Hosts: pigs, bears, rats, walrus, wolves, scavenging animals, and humans. Historical Accounts. Late 1800’s found in Egypt

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Trichinella spiralis

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  1. Trichinella spiralis Daniel Jackson

  2. Review of Trichinella spiralis • Contracted by eating raw or undercooked pork or wild game with larvae in muscle • Causes trichinosis • Hosts: pigs, bears, rats, walrus, wolves, scavenging animals, and humans

  3. Historical Accounts • Late 1800’s found in Egypt • Mummies • Alaskan Eskimos

  4. James Paget 1st yr student at the London Medical School Feb. 2, 1835, autopsy of 51 yr old Italian bricklayer “sandy diaphragm” History of T. spiralis

  5. History of T. spiralis cont… • Richard Owen • Assistant curator to the Royal College of Surgeons • Heard about Paget’s findings • Drew pictures and submitted them to the Royal Society

  6. History of Life Cycle • Rudolph Virchow • German pathologist • Between the mid 1850’s to late 1870’s discovered the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis • Witnessed another cadaver with white flecks and confirmed that it was Trichinella spiralis • Fed a large quantity of meat to his dog • Dissected the dead dog four days later and found adult worms in the digestive tract

  7. Eating raw or undercooked pork In Thailand, 200-600 more cases are reported around the Thai New Year because of the consumption of communal pork Delicacy in some parts of Europe Cultural Practices and T. spiralis

  8. Distribution In Eastern Europe some swine herds have over 50% trichinosis infection rates

  9. Infrastructure • Ecosystem utilization • Source of food • Humans and animals • International trade of meats • Legislation prohibiting feeding of raw meats to animals • Increased commercial and home freezing of pork • Public awareness

  10. Treatments for T. spiralis • Animals • Ivermectin • Febendazole • Humans • Thiabendazole • No side effects • Food preservative

  11. Preventing T. spiralis • Cook meat until juices run clear or internal temperature is 144º Fahrenheit • Freeze pork less than 6 inches thick • 20 days at 5º F • 3 days at -4º F • Cook wild game thoroughly • Don’t allow hogs to eat uncooked carcasses • Curing, drying, smoking or microwaving meat doesn’t kill worms

  12. Anthropogenic Effects • Economic development • Education • Habitat transformation • Loss of habitat leads to a decrease in animal hosts

  13. References • http://www.trichinella.org/ • http://www.stanford.edu/class/humbio103/ParaSites2005/Trichinella/ • http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/trichinosis/factsht_trichinosis.htm

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