Impressionism 1800’s

1. Impressionism 1800’s • Began in France • Characteristics • Showed effects of light and reflections. • Pointillism – small dots of color mixed optically. • No black, gray or brown. Replaced by blues and violets. • Showed pleasurable side of life. • Richly textured surfaces made up of short brushstrokes.

2. Influences • Sigmund Freud • Psychoanalyst that dealt with the mind. • Artists began to incorporate feelings and interpretations in their work. • Japanese Woodcuts • Featured genre scenes, unusual perspectives(bird’s eye view), cut off composition. • Camera • Images could be easily created and reproduced. • Informal, candid compositions. • Freed artists to experiment with new ways of approaching their subject.

3. Japanese Woodcuts • Katsushika Hokusai, A Wood Turner at Work, 1797

4. Japanese Woodcuts • Katsushika Hokusai, Travelers Climbing a Mountain Path, 1835-36

5. Japanese Woodcuts • Ando Hiroshige, Returning from Festival, Asakusa, 1857

6. The Salon The Salon was France’s official art showcase, which was established in 1667. The Salon encouraged, exhibited, and rewarded meticulously finished, conventional paintings, often on historical, religious, and mythological subjects.

7. Edouard Manet 1832-1883 • Considered the leader of Impressionism. • Brushstrokes and color patches are the artist’s reality. • Interested in light and color values. • Wanted painting to challenge photography. • The Fifer, 1866

8. Edouard Manet • Bar at the Follies Bergere 1881-82

9. Edouard Manet • Detail of: Bar at the Follies Bergere.

10. Edouard Manet • Lilacs in a Vase, 1882

11. Claude Monet 1840-1926 • Impression: Sunrise, 1872 • The name Impressionism came from the title of this painting.

12. Claude Monet • Regatta at Argenteuil, 1872 • The reflective surface was a popular theme.

13. Claude Monet 1840-1926 • The Haystacks, End of Summer, 1891 • He painted the same haystacks at different times of day, trying to capture the effects of changes in lighting using quick, short brushstokes.

14. Claude Monet • Stack of Wheat (Thaw, Sunset), 1890-91

15. Claude Monet • Rouen Cathedral, 1893 • One of another series of paintings using different color schemes. (26 in total)

16. Claude Monet • Water lilies (The Clouds), 1903

17. Pierre Auguste Renoir 1841-1919 • Painted the pleasurable side of life. • Included only what can be seen in a single glance. • Hard outline replaced by blurred edges. • No emphasis. • Famous for painting redheads. • Girl with Watering Can, 1876

18. Pierre Auguste Renoir • The Boating Party Lunch, 1881

19. Edgar Degas 1834-1919 • Cutoff figures. • Unusual point of view. • Candid poses. • Great interest in drawing. • A Woman Seated Beside a Vase of Flowers, 1865

20. Edgar Degas • The Rehearsal, 1873-78 • Demonstrates his concern with line, form, and movement.

21. Edgar Degas • Race Horses, 1885-88

22. Mary Cassatt 1845-1926 • Girl Arranging her Hair, 1886 • Influenced by Degas • Painted tender, peaceful scenes of mothers and their children.

23. Mary Cassatt • Mother & Child, 1900

24. Post Impressionists • Each artist drew upon the beliefs of the Impressionists but developed their own distinctive style. • These artists showed a greater concern for structure and form. • Artists: Paul Cezanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent Van Gogh, Henri Toulouse-Lautrec, Georges Seurat

25. Paul Cezanne 1839-1906 • Experimented in still life, figures and landscapes. • Applied his colors in small, flat patches. • Each patch represented a separate plane or surface. • Used cool colors to make objects recede and warm colors to advance in space. • Created more solid looking forms than the Impressionists. • Considered the “father” of Modern Art.

26. Paul Cezanne • Mont Sainte Victorie, 1885-87

27. Paul Cezanne • Self-Portrait w/Palette, 1885-87

28. Paul Cezanne • The Card Players, 1890-92

29. Paul Cezanne • Compotier, Pitcher, Fruit, 1892-94

30. Paul Gauguin 1848-1903 • Most remembered for his bold use of color, pattern, and flattening of the plane. • Went to Tahiti to paint bringing a taste of the exotic to the art world. • He influenced the Fauves and Expressionists.

31. Paul Gauguin • Tahitian Women, 1891

32. Paul Gauguin • Street in Tahiti

33. Paul Gauguin • Self-Portrait, 1893-94

34. Henri Toulouse-Lautrec 1864-1901 • Noted for his flamboyant personality. • Broke both his legs as a youngster causing him difficulty throughout his life. • Best known for his expressive portraits of people in the music halls and bars in Paris. • Created poster advertising performances at the places he frequented.

35. Henri Toulouse-Lautrec • Jane Avril, 1890

36. Henri Toulouse-Lautrec • Ball at Moulin Rouge, 1889-90

37. Henri Toulouse-Lautrec • Moulin Rouge: La Goulue, 1891

38. Georges Seurat 1860-1891 • A Sunday Afternoon in the Island of LaGrande Jatte, 1884-86

39. Georges Seurat • Considered either Impressionist or Post-Impressionist. • Invented the technique of pointillism, small dots of complementary colors are placed side by side. The eye optically mixes the colors.

40. Georges Seurat • Bathing at Asnieres, 1883-1884

41. Vincent Van Gogh 1853-1890 • Applied technique of Impressionists – used small, short brushstrokes. • Used brilliant color and thick, impasto, swirling strokes. • His work was very emotional. • Self-portrait, 1886-87

42. Vincent Van Gogh • The Potato Eaters, 1885

43. Vincent Van Gogh • Starry Night, 1889

44. Vincent Van Gogh • Vase of Sunflowers, 1889