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Indonesia Java5 Prambanan1

Prambanan is a 9th-century Hindu temple compound in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, dedicated to the Trimu016brti, the expression of God as the Creator (Brahma), the Preserver (Vishnu) and the Transformer (Shiva).

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Indonesia Java5 Prambanan1

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  1. Indonesia Java Prambanan 1

  2. Prambanan or Rara Jonggrang is a 9th-century Hindu temple compound in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, dedicated to the Trimūrti, the expression of God as the Creator (Brahma), the Preserver (Vishnu) and the Transformer (Shiva). The temple compound is located approximately 17 kilometres northeast of the city of Yogyakarta

  3. The temple compound, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the largest Hindu temple site in Indonesia and the second-largest in Southeast Asia. It is characterized by its tall and pointed typical Hindu architecture, and by the towering 47-metre-high central building inside a large complex of individual temples

  4. The map of Prambanan temple compound shows concentric mandala layout. The Prambanan World Heritage Compounds is the largest Hindu compounds in South-East Asia comprising the three main temples of Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma with three Wahana (vehicle) Temples, and surrounded by 224 ancillary temples (shrines) called Perwara. Originally there were a total of 240 temples standing in Prambanan

  5. Ramayana Open Air Theatre Information Centre & Souvenir shop Open Air Museum Archeological Museum Restaurant Lumbung Temple

  6. Tabebuia aurea (Trumpet Tree)

  7. Internet image Prambanan temple complex was built around 900 A.D. and inscribed on UNESCO World Heritage List in 1991. On 9 to 12 November 2019, the grand Abhiseka sacred ceremony was performed in this temple compound. This Hindu ritual was held for the first time after 1,163 years after the Prambanan temple was founded on 856. The Abhiseka ceremony was meant to cleanse, sanctify and purify the temple, thus signify that the temple is not merely an archaeological and tourism site, but also restored to its original function as a focus of Hindu religious activity and restore its spiritual energy. The sanctuary area is planned to be treated in a similar fashion to the Angkor archaeological area in Cambodia, which means the government should stop or decline permits to construct any new buildings, especially multi-storied buildings, as well as BTS towers in the area

  8. More then 220 of ancillary temples called perwara (or bridesmaids) are still in a state of ruin. Some observers suggest that there was an astronomical purpose behind the design of their number and arrangement

  9. The reconstruction of the main Shiva temple was completed around 1953 and inaugurated by Sukarno. Since much of the original stonework has been stolen and reused at remote construction sites, restoration was hampered considerably. Given the scale of the temple complex, the government decided to rebuild shrines only if at least 75% of their original masonry was available. Most of the smaller shrines are now visible only in their foundations, with no plans for their reconstruction

  10. Makara of Candi Perwara (Perwara Temple)

  11. Makara is a legendary sea-creature in Hindu mythology, the Makara appears as the vahana (vehicle) of the river goddess. (In Hindu astrology, Makara is equivalent to the Zodiac sign Capricorn). Makara are considered guardians of gateways and thresholds, protecting throne rooms as well as entryways to temples

  12. Kala of Candi Perwara (Perwara Temple) in Prambanan complex

  13. Kala, a swallowing fierce monster face with huge fangs, and gaping mouth, very common in the iconography of Hindu temple architecture (and Buddhist architecture) in South Asia and Southeast Asia. This monstrous face with bulging eyes sits also as an embellishment over the lintel of the gate to the inner sanctum in many Hindu temples signifying the reabsorption that marks the entry into the temple

  14. Historians suggest that the construction of Prambanan probably was meant to mark the return of the Hindu Sanjaya Dynasty to power in Central Java after almost a century of Buddhist Sailendra Dynasty domination

  15. Barringtonia, a medium size, evergreen, tropical tree may be planted as a shade tree Candi Perwara (Perwara Temple)

  16. Nandi, Lord Shiva's vahana carved out of a single rock The Nandi temple symbolizes Shiva’s vehicle, which is represented as a cow. Nandi temple was restored by the Indonesian authorities together with the other two wahana temples and eight Patok temples (small shrines located on 4 corners of inner zone) in 1991-1993 Statue of Surya Deva (Sun God) standing in the inner chamber of the Nandi temple)

  17. The bas-reliefs along sides of the Prambanan temples depict the Hindu legends of Ramayana and Krishnayana

  18. According to the Shivagrha inscription of 856 CE, the temple was built to honor Lord Shiva, and its original name was Shiva-grha (the House of Shiva) or Shiva-laya (the Realm of Shiva) Prambanan served as the royal temple of the Kingdom of Mataram, with most of the state's religious ceremonies and sacrifices being conducted there

  19. Apit temple (two temples located between the rows of Trimurti and Vahana temples on north and south side

  20. Brahma, the creator of the universe, has four different faces symbolizing the four directions of the winds and the four weda (holy texts)

  21. The Brahma temple was restored in 1978-1987

  22. The bas-reliefs along the four sides of the temple depict the legend of Ramayana

  23. The brahmin sage editors of veda were carved on Brahma temple wall

  24. The narrative bas-relief panels were carved along the inner balustrades wall on the gallery around the three main temples

  25. The story of Ramayana starts on Shiva temple balustrade and continues to Brahma temple

  26. Rishi is a Vedic term for an accomplished and enlightened person

  27. . Rishis have composed hymns of the Vedas

  28. In the 930s, the court was shifted to East Java by Mpu Sindok, who established the Isyana Dynasty. An eruption of Mount Merapi volcano, located north of Prambanan in central Java, or a power struggle probably caused the shift. That marked the beginning of the decline of the temple. It was soon abandoned and began to deteriorate. The temples collapsed during a major earthquake in the 16th century

  29. Corner antefix carved as a Kala head

  30. In 1811 during the short-lived British occupation of the Dutch East Indies, Colin Mackenzie, a surveyor in the service of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, came upon the temples by chance. Dutch residents carried off sculptures as garden ornaments and native villagers used the foundation stones for construction material. Half-hearted excavations in the 1880s by archaeologists facilitated looting. In 1918, the Dutch began reconstruction of the compound and proper restoration only in 1930. Efforts at restoration continue to this day

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