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Taxonomy and Kingdom Animalia

Taxonomy and Kingdom Animalia. Part 1. Classification. Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species. The 6 Kingdoms. Symmetry. Radial- 2 axis Bilateral- 1 axis Spherical- 3 axis Pentaradial- fives Asymmetrical- none.

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Taxonomy and Kingdom Animalia

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  1. Taxonomy and Kingdom Animalia Part 1

  2. Classification Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus species

  3. The 6 Kingdoms

  4. Symmetry • Radial- 2 axis • Bilateral- 1 axis • Spherical- 3 axis • Pentaradial- fives • Asymmetrical- none

  5. Adaptation-survival traits that are genetic Nocturnal Diurnal Sessile Parasite Mutualist Commensalist Terrestrial Arboreal Aerial fossorial Aquatic Marine Freshwater Brakish Needed terminology

  6. Phylum Porifera • Sponges (10,000 spp) • All sessile, filter feeders • Mostly marine • Asymmetrical • Hermaphroditic or asexual • Specialized cells called choanoflagellates • No tissue layers

  7. Choanoflagellates Specialized cells working together

  8. Spicule skeleton made of SiO2 • As big as a meter • Gemmules for asexual reproduction

  9. Sponges for sale

  10. Phylum Cnidaria

  11. All have nematocysts Mostly marine, some sessile, some drifters Radial symmetry True tissue: dermis with mesoglea Have a central digestive compartment gastrovascular cavity (process food and gases) Simple nerve net All Carnivorous Phylum Cnidaria (coelenterata)

  12. Stinging cells-nematocysts

  13. 2 basic forms MEDUSA-umbrella shaped drifters POLYP-cylindrical mostly sessile

  14. 3 classes • Hyrdrozoa-hydras and fire coral • Both polyp and medusa, asexual budding and sexual reproduction • Anthozoa-anemones, coral • All polyp, solitary or colonial, sexual reproduction, symbiotic protists and algae • Scyphozoa-jellyfish • All medusa

  15. Phylum Ctenophora- “comb jelly” • Close relatives of cnidaria • Nematocysts present in retractable tentacles • Radial symmetry • Largest organism to use cilia for locomotion • Sexual reproduction • Bioluminescent

  16. Phylum Platyhelminthes-flatworms • Free-living (planarians) or parasitic (flukes, tapeworms) • Acoelomates (no true body cavity) • Aquatic or terrestrial • Bilateral symmetry • Nervous system with bundles (ganglia) • Eye spots • Small but as long as 35 ft

  17. 3 classes • Turbellaria-planarians • Free-living, carnivorous or scavengers, hermaphroditic, regeneration capabilities • Trematoda-flukes • All parasitic, attach with hooks/suckers, have microvilli on surface for absorbing food through skin • Cestoda-tapeworms • All parasitic, also have microvilli for direct absorption

  18. Phylum Nematoda-roundworms • Hookworms, lungworms, pinworms, trichina (in pork), schistosome, heartworms • Free-living or parasitic • Separate sexes (females can lay 200,000 egg/day) • One way digestive tract • Some have teeth/hooks • Muscles are longitudinal moving/bending/flipping

  19. Phylum Rotifera- “wheeled” • Microscopic • Common in freshwater • One way digestion • Bilateral symmetry • Knots of nerves form primitive brain • Only females lay eggs (parthenogenesis)

  20. Phylum Annelida- segmented worms • Annulus=ring • Aquatic and terrestrial • Scavengers, some active predators (leeches) • Complex muscle system-longitudinal and radial muscle contraction • One way digestion • Have circulatory system, primitive heart • Complex nervous system-brain/often eyes • Sexual-hermaphroditic • Some regeneration

  21. 3 classes • Polychaeta • Paddle-footed and has bristles called SETAE, marine (hairy sea mouse) • Oligochaeta • Terrestrial and freshwater, few bristles (earthworms) • Hirudnea • Blood suckers (leeches) • Free-living or predators

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