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NOROVIRUS AND MRSA

NOROVIRUS AND MRSA. (METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPH AUREUS). Great Escape Lodge & Indoor Water Park. NEARLY 400 GUESTS BECAME ILL AT SIX FLAGS GREAT ESCAPE LODGE & INDOOR WATERPARK IN QUEENSBURY, NEW YORK. Great Escape Lodge & Indoor Water Park.

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NOROVIRUS AND MRSA

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  1. NOROVIRUS AND MRSA (METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPH AUREUS)

  2. Great Escape Lodge & Indoor Water Park NEARLY 400 GUESTS BECAME ILL AT SIX FLAGS GREAT ESCAPE LODGE & INDOOR WATERPARK IN QUEENSBURY, NEW YORK.

  3. Great Escape Lodge & Indoor Water Park • People were getting sick within 4 hours of checking-in. • So many people were vomiting, the resort ran out of towels.

  4. Great Escape Lodge & Indoor Water Park • New York officials linked the Great Escape to the illnesses of nearly 200 people. • More than 300 called the hotline to report symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting after visiting the resort NOROVIRUS IS SUSPECTED

  5. University of Connecticut Sorority 30 Sorority Women were treated at the Univ. of Conn’s infirmary after dining at the nearby Adams Mill Restaurant. NOROVIRUS IS SUSPECTED

  6. Villanova University • Outbreak of gastrointestinal illness • More than 100 students became sick January 23rd. • Most recovered on their own, however, some required intravenous fluids. NOROVIRUS IS SUSPECTED

  7. Two Schools in New Jersey Sandwiches supplied to two schools caused illness… NOROVIRUS IS SUSPECTED

  8. Royal Caribbean Cruise Ship • One passenger unleashed Norovirus that sickened 116 passengers. • Ship returned to port and underwent deep cleansing & decontamination. NOROVIRUS IS SUSPECTED

  9. WHAT IS NOROVIRUS?

  10. Norovirus is • A common cause of food poisoning • Belongs to a group of viruses • Causes severe inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (stomach flu) • Strikes quickly, feel very sick • Runs its course usually within 1-2 days.

  11. Symptoms of Norovirus • Nausea • Vomiting • Diarrhea (not bloody) • Abdominal cramping • Fever, if present, is low-grade • Dehydration is main complication especially infants and the elderly.

  12. Spreading Norovirus • Primarily from one infected person to another (by the fecal-oral route) • Kitchen workers can contaminate a salad or sandwich as they prepare it • Fishermen can contaminate oysters • Norovirus infection has become a genuine plaque on cruise ships.

  13. Are Noroviruses Contagious? • Extremely contagious • Spreads easily from person to person • Take particular care of children in diapers with diarrhea. YES !

  14. How Long are People Contagious? • From the moment they begin feeling ill to at least 3 days after recovery • Some may be contagious for as long as 2 weeks after recovery USE GOOD HAND WASHING PRACTICES AND OTHER HYGIENIC PRACTICES AFTER RECOVERING FROM NOROVIRUS

  15. How Do People Become Infected with Noroviruses? • By eating food or drinking liquids that are contaminated with Norovirus • Touching surfaces or objects and placing their hand in their mouth • Direct contact with another person who is infected

  16. How Do People Become Infected with Noroviruses? Day-Care Centers and Nursing Home employees should pay special attention to children or residents who have Norovirus illness. The virus is very contagious and can spread rapidly throughout such environments.

  17. How Serious is Norovirus? • No long-term health effects • People feel very sick & vomit for 1 or 2 days • May be unable to drink enough liquids to replace lost liquids • Dehydration may require medical attention

  18. Community Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections (CA-MRSA or MRSA) MRSA Magnified 20,000 x

  19. Staphylococcus Aureus • Bacteria commonly carried on the skin or in the nose • 25-30% population is colonized with “staph” • Cause of infections • Minor (skin and soft tissue) • Major infections (blood, pneumonia, surgical site) • Staph is the most common cause of skin infections

  20. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus- MRSA • The staphylococcus bacteria has developed resistance to antibiotics that are normally used to treat infections (methicillin, oxacillin, penicillin, amoxacillin) • 1% population is “colonized” with MRSA

  21. Reported Outbreaks of MRSA • Close-contact sports • Football • Wrestling • Rugby • Soccer • Fencing • Correctional Facilities • IV drug-users • Military Bases • Daycare Facilities

  22. Risk factors for the spread of MRSA • Close skin-skin contact • Openings in the skin such as cuts or abrasions • Exposure to contaminated items or surfaces • Crowded living conditions • Poor hygiene

  23. MRSA Modes of Transmission • HANDS which become contaminated by contact with: • Colonized or infected individuals • Contaminated devices, items, or environmental surfaces • Direct skin-to-skin contact

  24. CA-MRSA Risk Groups • Children • Daycare (attendees/care givers/family members) • Elementary School (attendees/teachers/family members) • Residential School for Developmentally Delayed (attendees/teachers/care givers) • Athletes (high school and college) • Football • Wrestling • Other = fencing, kayaking, etc. • Prison Inmates • Jail • Prison • Military Recruits • Homeless Individuals • Injecting Drug Users • Men who have Sex with Men

  25. MRSA Risk Factors • Previous MRSA Infection/Colonization • Close skin-to-skin contact • Breaks in skin (cuts, abrasions, skin disease, surgical sites) • Contaminated items and surfaces • Crowded living conditions • Inadequate personal hygiene

  26. This is not a Spider-bite!

  27. This is a Spider bite (Brown Recluse)

  28. MRSA Prevention- Athletics • Keep hands clean (soap & water or alcohol-based hand sanitizer), especially after contact with a wound • Shower after working out • Keep cuts and abrasions clean and covered until healed • Discard used bandages and tape in garbage • Avoid contact with other people’s wounds & bandages • Avoid sharing personal items (towels, washcloths, bar soap, razors, balms, lotions, clothing, uniforms, equipment) • Use barrier between skin and shared equipment

  29. MRSA Prevention (2)-Athletics • Clean and disinfect shared items, equipment, surfaces between use with: • Soap and warm water • Bleach • Lysol • Wash clothes, towels, sheets with warm/hot water and laundry detergent • Dry clothes, towels, sheets in a hot dryer (no air-drying) • Report persistent draining, non-healing wounds • Infected individual should refrain from public contact (no school, no sports, no common areas) if wound drainage cannot be contained under a bandage

  30. Prevention is Primary #1 Protect patients…protect healthcare personnel… promote quality healthcare!

  31. Hand Hygiene • Turn on the water slowly do not use hot water • Apply soap to the hands and wrists • Vigorously rub hands in a rotary motion paying special attention to between fingers, knuckles and nails • Wash hands for a minimum of 15 seconds • Hold the hands and wrists down under the running water allowing the water to rinse • Dry hands using a single paper towel • Use the paper towel to turn off faucet • Discard paper towel

  32. When to Wash Hands • Before going off duty • Before and after performing a bodily function i.e. tissue, contact with the face, contacts, hair, use of toilet • Before preparing, serving, or eating food • Before preparing or administering medicine • After direct or indirect contact with patient excretions, secretions, or blood even if with gloves • After removal of gloves • When hand are visibly soiled.

  33. Once Infected With MRSA, Prevent the Spread • Cover the wound • Clean the hands • Do not share personal items (towels, soap, razor, tweezers, clothing) • Notify new or additional healthcare providers of the history of MRSA

  34. Infection Control in Recreation Areas • Do not share towels, soap, ointments, or other personal items. • Shower after participating in close-contact skin-to-skin activities.

  35. MRSA (School) Website http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/diseases/staph/materials.html#school

  36. This Children's Environmental Health presentation was made possible through a grant from The Dow Chemical Company Foundation

  37. Credits • Charles Lichon, R.S., M.P.H., Creator of Children’s EH Program, Midland County Health Department (CHD) Michigan • Nancy Atwood, M.S., Midland CHD (MI) Sanitarian • Christine Rogers, Meth Response Coordinator, Kalamazoo CHD, MI • Robert Wolfe, R.S., Midland CHD (MI) Sanitarian • John Demerjian and Linda Van Orden, Wayne CHD, MI, Body Art • National Environmental Health Association (NEHA.org) for website storage and oversight. NOTE: Permission to use this and all Children’s EH Power Point presentations is granted thru NEHA, however, all grant and credit notices and informational slides must be used during each presentation.

  38. Other presentations include: • Body Art • Careers in Environmental Health • Food Safe Issues • Household Hazardous Waste • Meth & Teens • Recreational Water • Sun Wise • Norovirus & MRSA Contact NEHA.org for more information

  39. For more Information about this presentation, contact: (Local Health Dept Name here)

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