International Research Initiatives

1. International Research Initiatives Jerry Sobieski Director, International Research Initiatives NORDUnet Presented to TREFpunkt 20 May 14, 2009 Visby, SE

2. International Research Initiatives “International Research Initiatives” - What is it and why is important? What are the technical focus areas? First year activities and progress… What are the priorities in the coming year and beyond?

3. “Research” has become increasingly dependent upon cyber-infrastructure - Computational simulations and modeling, Sensor nets (for both scientific and social data collection), Visualization, HD/SHD video, immersive interactive environments, Data repositories of both raw data, processed information, and the new insights and knowledge that results. Research topics are globalized Energy, climate modeling, virology, astro-physics, social studies (e.g. geo-political security and economics) Research tools are federated Radio telescopes, HEP instruments, marine sensors, MRI, Virology databases,telecommunications links, etc Research teams are international HEP, E-VLBI, Biomedical, Economics,… IRI - What is it and why?

4. IRI- What is it and why? The network infrastructure - and the expertise necessary to develop and operate it - are part of the research apparatus that the modern research community require to explore the physical world This applies to network research, cyber-infrastructure more generally, and new emerging models for e-science that require global reach, comprise a broad range of disciplines, and increasingly, include shared international resources.

5. IRI - What is it and why? The R&E networking organization has a new role to play in the 21st century: Identify and help develop new technologies required by the R&E community First approximation is to help identify emerging trends in networking and find ways to help develop new technologies to address those needs: Trend: increasing global interactions required of advanced networks Trend: exponential growth of capacity requirments while simultaneously providing guarranteed, predictable, and user specified performance levels Trend: increasing interdependence between networks & telecom infrastrcuture and other cyber-infrastructure (e.g. computational resources, storage, etc.)

6. IRI - What is it and why? Being directly involved in the technology development process will allow the Nordic community to influence the evolution of advanced networking on a global basis. … the Nordic community will be among the first to deploy and leverage these technologies IRI will create expertise and int’l relationships in technical areas that will insure the interests of the Nordic NRENs are met as new [cyber-infrastructure] technologies and policies evolve.

7. What have we been doing? Initial Objectives (first year) Introduce the NORDUnet IRI as an recognized strategic priority for the Nordic networking community NORDUnet will be actively and directly involved in global networking activities where we can make an immediate difference: Projects such as GLIF, GLORIAD, CineGrid, GENI, GN3, … Emerging technologies such as dynamic hybrid provisioning, distributed storage, application specific networks, high capacity real-time and near real-time streaming for sensors and visualization, reliability and resilience, security Next Stage Engage the [Nordic] NRENs and the Nordic research community in these international projects

8. 2008 Conferences TERENA 2008 (Brugge, BE) APAN 2008 (Queenstown, NZ) Internet2 Fall Meeting (New Orleans, US) GLIF (Seattle, US) Optical Network Technologies W/S (Seattle) Generated report to US National Coordinating Office for Network Science and Eng priorities. CANS 2008 (Indy. US) Key Chinese R&E network engineering & mgmt Supercomputing 2008 (Austin, US) GENI Engineering Conference (Palo Alto, US) TERENA E2E (Amsterdam, NL) CineGrid (San Diego, US) (More on these activities later)

9. Current Activities • Develop [applied] research projects with collaborators in US, EU, and PacRim • Generalized Resource Mgmt • Federated experimental networks • Resilient Networks • EU call for Experimental Networks due this summer • GLORIAD • US IRNC proposals/partners due this summer • Hybrid Networking • OGF NSI-WG • NORDUnet DCN TestLab • CineGrid

10. Upcoming Activities Research projects taking shape: Federated Experimental Network Resources for International Research (FENRIR) A collaboration of several national and international R&E organizations to create a pool of experimental network research facilities that have a global reach. Currently includes AARnet, GENI, SURFnet, NORDUnet, GLORIAD, and several vendors. Proposal(s) will be submitted in Feb timeframe… Distributed Storage for High Performance Streaming Develop network-based storage for high speed real-time and near real-time streaming applications Simplifies streaming HD/SHD video, EVLBI streams, … Support synchronized access, security against [D]DOS attacks, forward staging data, …

11. Generic Resource Mgmt Architecture Develop integrated approach to dynamic acquisition and integration of cyber-resources for application specific networks and distributed applications Resilient Topologies How to harness power of dynamic circuit provisioning to build apriori provably resilient distributed application network topologies Driven by DR/COOP mandates for secure and robust networks in the face of cataclysmic failure modes. Research activities

12. Experimental Networks • Experimental Networking • How should we design and build telecommunications and networking facilities that enable a broad range of non-conventional (disruptive) ideas to be deployed and evaluated with realism at scale? • Ex: GENI, FENRIR, NETSE, FIRE, FEDERICA,… • Virtualization, generalized cyber-infrastructure architecture, federation, dynamic provisioning, multi-layer abstractions • Full integration of networks, computational resources, storage, sensors/instruments, visualization • Application specific networks

13. FENRIR Project • Federated Experimental Network Resources for International Research - “FENRIR” • Objectives: • To develop and demonstrate an automated cyber-infrastructure services model in which global cyber-infrastructure can be quantized into dynamically allocatable units that can then be assembled under user control to create application specific cyber-environments. • Cyber-resources include any type of network, computation, storage, visualization, instrument, or sensor related resource, hard or soft. Thus FENRIR postulates a “generalized” notion of cyber-infrastructure management.

14. FENRIR – the elevator speech • FENRIR has two main components: • A global pool of cyber-resources contributed by project participants that span the globe – the “experimental network resources” • A software development effort to automate the description, advertisement, allocation, and use of those resources – the Generalized Resource Management System (GRMS) architecture.

15. GRMS – Allocation Phase Formal Textual Description Resource Computational_Node { Characteristic Arch = Intel_Generic; Characteristic Mem = 4 GB; Characteristic Clock = 2.4 GHz; Characteristic Local_Storage = 100 GB; Resource_Mgr clusterman.sdsc.edu 2020; Instance “Node01” 128.8.120.01 2021; Instance “Node02” 128.8.120.02 2021; Instance “Node03” 128.8.120.03 2021; } Resources Resource Brokers Computational nodes Resource Manager Storage facility 5 2 4 1 3 Instrument Other Resource Managers Resource Database Resource Database of all resources managed by this resource manager

16. GRMS – User perspective Resource Brokers Brokers locate a resource owner and submit request to Resource Manager(s) Resource Manager Managers return tickets for reserverd resources User requests certain resources 3 2 1 4 5 User confirms reservation with RM User Application Master User contacts resource “minion” to control the resource for the aplication.

17. FENRIRInitial Contributed Resources KREOnet DAE NORDUnet iCAIR NYSERnet StarLight STO Pacific Wave TOK JGN2 MANLAN CPH CHI NYC AMS LAX SURFnet TEI HOU WDC PSNC TWAREN NGC POZ AARnet SYD Mar 5, 2009

18. FENRIR participants • NORDUnet (lead) • University of Houston (co-lead) • SURFnet + NetherLight • Pacific Wave • StarLight • MANLAN • AARnet • Posnan Supercomputing and Networking Center • NYSERnet • Northrup Grumman Corp • JGN2+ • TWAREN / NCHC • KREONET Proposals have been submitted for FENRIR related activities to US GENI Program and to US DoE SciDAC program. Additional funding proposals will be submitted in conjunction with int’l participants to their sponsors.

19. Cloud Computing • Cloud Computing • Over-hyped commercial services for small scale outsourcing… • Old notion within R&E community… But what if recent cost and practical technical advances now enable CC to [finally] find a critical mass? What are challenges? E.g. historically limited by network capacity and latency • Dynamic, scalable, and autonomous allocation processes of resources become important (if not critical) • How do we trust such cloud computing models? • Security, privacy, …

20. Secure Cloud Computing • How can we trust an unknown cloud resource? • Can we be sure the information we distribute to cloud resources will not be hijacked? • Can we be certain the algorithms we deploy to cloud resources won’t be hijacked? Encrypted (trusted) Transport Known (trusted) resources Untrusted cloud resources pose a privacy and security hole S Known (trusted) Security perimeter

21. Secure Cloud Computing • Encrypted computing: • Both the data and the algorithm are encrypted • A public virtual machine is installed on the cloud resource • The computation is performed in the encrypted space – and encrypted result(s) are returned. • No clear text information ever leaves the security perimeter VM FUNC Untrusted Cloud Resource #%$^&%* VM !(&@# IN #%$^&%* S OUT Known (trusted) Security perimeter

22. Resilient Networks • “Katrina” is now a verb. • As in: “Our entire bay area operations got katrina’d by the earthquake and subsequent tsunami and fires.” • Recent Disasters: • Indian Ocean Tsunami • Pakistan Earthquake • Hurricane Katrina, Rita, Ike, … • Buncefield Refinery Fire (UK) • Baltimore Tunnel Train Fire (US) • 9/11 (US) • London Tube Bombing (UK) • ChengDu, China Earthquake (CN) • Lesson: serious ^#% happens… • Not “if”,…but “when”. • Our networks (and IT infrastructure in general) need to be resilient in the face of large, rolling, and sustained failure modes

23. Resilient Networks • Research Agenda: • How are multi-institutional telecommunications relationships captured? What are the salient characteristics of such applications and/or services? • How do you develop integrated failure mode resiliency planning? • Integrate DR/COOP/BC across the entire supply chain • Integrate network protection and mitigation with “nodal” (data center) resiliency/recovery planning • How should live applications deal with shifting network characteristics? (e.g. database coherency) • How do resilient architectures affect network engineering, capacity planning, prioritization, etc. • Can we adapt virtualization of major infrastructure in order support resiliency? • Other topics will certainly become apparent as we pursue the issues…

24. Resilient Networks • Disaster Recovery (DR) and Continuance of Operations (COOP) is no longer something that deals with a building fire or spot event. • Disaster radius is now measured in 100+ km • Event duration is considered to be weeks (sometimes longer.) • Recovery Time Objectives (RTO) and Recovery Point Objectives (RPO) are converging • As the event radius increases, regional supply chain and customer base disperse • Small radius events affect one or two adjacent application resources but the overall infrastructure remains operational • Large radius events will knock out a large segments of the supply chain and other inter-organizational facilities • This will cause all affected organizations to revert to DR or standy facilities simultaneously • Result: Major and sudden shift in traffic loading on the network affecting performance or even overwhelming normally underutilized telecommunications links.

25. Resilient Networks- An example Post-Katrina Radius Pre-Katrina Failure Mode Radius

26. Current Research Topics • Next Generation Information Repositories • Building “knowledge” repositories – globally distributed storage facilities that incorporate raw data, processed information, analysis results, and the analysis techniques and processes - and the authenticated sequence of inferences and models used to construct this knowledgebase – is crucial new challenge facing e-science • Meta-Data management – provinence, tagging, etc. • Access – security & privacy – as governed by multi-national legal requirements • Access – performance at a global scale • Multi-discipline integration • Exponential growth.

27. 2009 Activities Dynamic Circuits Hands On Workshop Jan 21 & 22, Copenhagen May 13 & 14, Copenhagen Technical workshop covering architecture, engineering design, configuration, and verification of dynamic circuit based services Covers GMPLS standards for intra-domain provisioning, and IDC software for inter-domain, best current practices, etc See https://portal.nordu.net/display/NORDUwiki/NORDUnet+DCN+Tech+Hands+On+Workshop

28. NORDUnet DCN Test Lab Dynamic Circuits Networking Test Lab Deploy the DCN/IDC softwre in an experimental environment such that users can employ it, and the the Nordic O&E teams can develop BCPs for such services NORDUnet DCN XF IDC Nordic NRENs DCN XF STO VLSR Switch element CPH HAM Other NRENs

29. DCN Test Lab • The NORDUnet DCN Test Lab is a distributed facility: • Stockholm, Copenhagen, Hamburg • Allows other networks, participants to easily connect or otherwise access and take advantage of it. • The facilitity will be used to test and evaluate other dynamic circuit service models as well • E.g. AutoBahn, DRAC, UCLP, MANITCORE, G-Lambda, etc. • We encourage SUNET and it’s members to participate by directly connecting to it and assiting with the studies

30. 2009 Activities Learn more- We are setting up meetings with regional research community Objective is to coordinate research interests of NRENs and their constituents with the activities of the IRI team. Met with Norwegian folks in January Finland in December (2008) Other meetings being set up… These are regular/as-needed/ recurring discussions: Means of learning about focused research activities within in the [Nordic] institutions, Can be arranged whenever convenient … Open/enhance collaborations with activities in US, CN, JP, KO, CA, AU,…

31. 2009 Activities NORDUnet CineGrid workshop CineGrid is an international organzation that promotes the deployment and use of SuperHD video and visualization technologies in cyber-infrastructure NORDUnet will be developing a CineGrid iniative in the NORDIC region in 2009 to enable both SHD and HD services across the NORDUnet backbone to video presentation facilities at regional universities. Plans are “scketchy” at this point – any interested parties should contact Jerry to help develop this project.

32. 2009 Activities • Ongoing Int’l meetings: • TERENA – Malaga, Spain - June ‘09 • WRNP – Recife, Brazil – RNP workshop on hybrid networks and exp research networks • OGF – Research Triangle Park, US – Jun’09 • Korea- June 2009, Meetings with KREONET and KOREN (Daejeon), Conference on Future Internet (Seoul) • Japan – June 2009 NICT + AIST • APAN 29 – Kuala Lumpur, Malyasia – Jul’09 • GLIF – Daejeon, KR – Oct’09 • CANS – Beijing, CN – Aug’09 • ACM-VISA conference, Barcelona, Spain – Aug’09 • NORDUnet 09 – Copenhagen –Sep’09 • Internet2 – San Antonio, US – Oct’09 • Supercomputing – Portland, US, Nov 09

33. NORDUnet Washington Office • NORDUnet now has office in Washington,DC. • Supports meetings, video conferencing, high performance networking demonstrations, transient work space • Next to US National Science Foundation

34. Get Involved • These projects need expertise of Nordic network research community • The plan is to fund personnel via grants from NRC and/or EU or partnerships with other organizations • Involved personnel will develop expertise in these technologies • Other opportunities for interaction with network technical experts and activities: • Supercomputing 2009 • GLIF, OGF

35. Call Me! I am based in Washington, DC We have easy access to locations anywhere in the US and Canada If you are in town, please let me know If you have int’l relationships or activities that I can help develop, let me know. Call me! Email, Skype, Jabber (no Tweets or Facebook) +1-301-346-1849 mobile Jerry (at) nordu.net • Tack!